Exam 8: Cognition and Language

Working backward is a good strategy to follow when

When a child incorrectly uses a word to describe a wider set of objects or actions than the word is meant to describe, the child is making an error of

Car A has good mileage, a low price, and low maintenance, or three pluses. Car B has only a low price and low maintenance, or two pluses. So, I'll choose Car A. This is an example of

What special opportunities or problems are connected with bilingualism? What advantages are there for bilingual children? Based on what you have learned about cognition and language, when do you think second language learning begin in schools? Why?

Seven-year-old Tracy heard a joke in school and asks you: "How could you find a lost dog in the woods?" When you are stumped, she tells you: "You stand near a tree and listen for the bark". Tracy's play on words indicates that she is developing

Ashley is just starting to show signs of understanding the meanings of familiar words. Based on research that has investigated milestones in language development, you should expect that Ashley is approximately

People often find it difficult to solve a problem by using a familiar object in a novel way because of

Which child is exhibiting under-extension?

Your sister has just given birth to her first child and has asked you when she should expect the baby to begin speaking. In a paragraph or two, present what you would tell her about the development of language in the first two years of life.

Reorganising the letters "OSHUE" to form an English word is an example of an anagram, which constitutes a problem of

Last year, five-year-old Alonda would say "No he coming" when explaining to her younger sister that their older brother would be staying home. Now Alonda will tell her sister "He's not coming". This example illustrates that Alonda has made gains in her use of

Last Halloween, four-year-old Jillian called the decorations at her house "punkins". This year she is able to say "pumpkins" when she describes them. In this instance, Jillian has made a gain in her use of

The word SLOW would be an example of a:

The fact that variations in cognitive style sometimes reflect the ecological demands of one's environment helps to illustrate which of your text's unifying themes?

Symbols that convey meaning, plus rules for combining those symbols that can be used to generate an infinite variety of messages are known as

Confirmation bias refers to our tendency to overestimate the likelihood of dramatic events.

During the 1950s and 1960s, creative new ways of measuring mental processes paved the way for the cognitive revolution. The development of new research methods helps to illustrate which of your text's unifying themes?

Three-year-old Johnny used to say "mikk" when he wanted a drink of milk. Now he is able to say "milk" quite clearly. In this instance, Johnny has made a gain in his use of

According to Simon's theory of bounded rationality, people tend to use

Malcolm has been watching a roulette-type game at a local charity bazaar. The game has only ten numbers on the wheel, and every number except 8 has come up as a winner during the last 15 minutes. Malcolm decides to bet R10 on number 8, because it has to come up eventually. In this case, Malcolm is showing evidence of