Exam 2: The Environment of Administration

Environmental conditions that affect the structure and nature of government include:

The __________ takes the view that organizations exist in a complex environment that they cannot shut out.

The __________ model of policing was very similar to the military or bureaucratic model of management.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a closed system?

What three main themes distinguish community policing from other more traditional strategies?

Threats to police-community relationships include:

The community decides police goals via the political process.

Many police departments use a __________ to deal with the media.

__________ is any police-initiated action that relies on race, ethnicity, or national origin rather than the behavior of an individual.

The open system model takes the view that organizations exist in a complex environment that they cannot shut out.

The __________ is rooted in biology and basically states that organizations react to their environment, some more efficiently than others.

Ecological conditions in the environment of government include:

The council-manager form of government:

The city commission form of government is usually found in smaller cities.

Police organizations are quite insulated from environmental pressures.

In a closed system, status among employees is directly related to positions and ranks.

Separation of powers refers to the division of political power among the federal, state, and local levels.

The police do not need to measure up to citizen expectations.

Distinguish between the open and closed system models of organizations.

Which two strategies spawned a rethinking of American police?