Question 1

Match the definition with the term.
-statistical correlation

Accepted Answer

A) a bell-shaped curve representing measurements in which more scores fall in the middle ranges than at the extremes 
B) a grid in which the scores for two variables can be plotted against each other 
C) a mathematical means of measuring the strength of the association between two imperfectly related variables 
A) a bell-shaped curve representing measurements in which more scores fall in the middle ranges than at the extremes 
B) a grid in which the scores for two variables can be plotted against each other 
C) a mathematical means of measuring the strength of the association between two imperfectly related variables

Question 2

Match the publication with its author.
-Francis Galton

Accepted Answer

A) English Men of Science: Their Nature and Nurture 
B) History of the Sciences and Scientists over Two Centuries 
C) The Descent of Man 
A) English Men of Science: Their Nature and Nurture 
B) History of the Sciences and Scientists over Two Centuries 
C) The Descent of Man

Question 3

Match the definition with the term.
-word-association technique

Accepted Answer

A) recording the first reactions that come to mind following the random presentation of stimulus words 
B) the distribution of a standard set of questions to a large sample of respondents 
C) the investigation of the characteristics of adult monozygotic twins raised in dif-ferent adoptive environments 
D) the investigation the similarities and differences between different categories of twin pairs 
A) recording the first reactions that come to mind following the random presentation of stimulus words 
B) the distribution of a standard set of questions to a large sample of respondents 
C) the investigation of the characteristics of adult monozygotic twins raised in dif-ferent adoptive environments 
D) the investigation the similarities and differences between different categories of twin pairs

Question 4

Studies of separated identical twins have had the purpose of measuring the "heritability" of various characteristics including IQ.That heritability figure is defined as the

Accepted Answer

A)  proportion of each person's intelligence that was determined by heredity. 
B)  proportion of the IQ variability within the tested population that was determined by heredity. 
C)  "leftover" variability in intelligence after all environmental influences have been accounted for. 
D)  variability in intelligence after errors in measurement have been accounted for. 
A)  proportion of each person's intelligence that was determined by heredity. 
B)  proportion of the IQ variability within the tested population that was determined by heredity. 
C)  "leftover" variability in intelligence after all environmental influences have been accounted for. 
D)  variability in intelligence after errors in measurement have been accounted for.

Question 5

For Galton,the most important goal of an ideal eugenic society would be to

Accepted Answer

A)  replace the educational system's emphasis on classics with more focus on science. 
B)  provide the ideal environment for children's intellectual development. 
C)  promote breeding among the most gifted young men and women. 
D)  discourage breeding among the least gifted young men and women. 
A)  replace the educational system's emphasis on classics with more focus on science. 
B)  provide the ideal environment for children's intellectual development. 
C)  promote breeding among the most gifted young men and women. 
D)  discourage breeding among the least gifted young men and women.

Question 6

Cyril Burt's study of separated identical twins was briefly considered to be the best of its kind primarily because of its claim that

Accepted Answer

A)  its twin pairs had been placed completely randomly in a full range of adoptive families. 
B)  its twin sample had been collected over a period of several decades. 
C)  the intelligence tests it employed were more reliable than in other studies. 
D)  it used the most sophisticated statistical procedures to arrive at its results. 
A)  its twin pairs had been placed completely randomly in a full range of adoptive families. 
B)  its twin sample had been collected over a period of several decades. 
C)  the intelligence tests it employed were more reliable than in other studies. 
D)  it used the most sophisticated statistical procedures to arrive at its results.

Question 7

Match the twin study with its corresponding author(s).
-Cyril Burt

Accepted Answer

A) a now discredited study suggesting an extremely high heritability for intelligence 
B) a questionnaire study completed by more than 100 adult twin pairs 
C) the first major study of separated identical twins 
D) the largest twin study yet conducted 
A) a now discredited study suggesting an extremely high heritability for intelligence 
B) a questionnaire study completed by more than 100 adult twin pairs 
C) the first major study of separated identical twins 
D) the largest twin study yet conducted

Question 8

Match the definition with the term.
-self-questionnaire method

Accepted Answer

A) recording the first reactions that come to mind following the random presentation of stimulus words 
B) the distribution of a standard set of questions to a large sample of respondents 
C) the investigation of the characteristics of adult monozygotic twins raised in dif-ferent adoptive environments 
D) the investigation the similarities and differences between different categories of twin pairs 
A) recording the first reactions that come to mind following the random presentation of stimulus words 
B) the distribution of a standard set of questions to a large sample of respondents 
C) the investigation of the characteristics of adult monozygotic twins raised in dif-ferent adoptive environments 
D) the investigation the similarities and differences between different categories of twin pairs

Question 9

Define heritability.

Accepted Answer

The percentage of a characteri

Question 10

Match the understanding of intelligence with the individual.
-Arthur Jensen

Accepted Answer

A) hypothesized that the average lower IQ scores of African Americans,compared to white Americans,was partly the result of genetic factors 
B) assumed a strong correlation between practical intelligence and sensory acuity 
C) emphasized the role of heredity in determining intelligence and calculated the her-itability of intelligence to be .8 
A) hypothesized that the average lower IQ scores of African Americans,compared to white Americans,was partly the result of genetic factors 
B) assumed a strong correlation between practical intelligence and sensory acuity 
C) emphasized the role of heredity in determining intelligence and calculated the her-itability of intelligence to be .8

Question 11

Galton's theories were substantially influenced by all of the following scientists EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  John Stuart Mill. 
B)  Charles Darwin. 
C)  Adolphe Quetelet. 
D)  Alphonse de Candolle. 
A)  John Stuart Mill. 
B)  Charles Darwin. 
C)  Adolphe Quetelet. 
D)  Alphonse de Candolle.

Question 12

Which of the following books first made a strong case for the inheritance of human psychological characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Darwin's Origin of Species 
B)  De Candolle's History of the Sciences and Scientists Over Two Centuries 
C)  Galton's Natural Inheritance 
D)  Galton's Hereditary Genius 
A)  Darwin's Origin of Species 
B)  De Candolle's History of the Sciences and Scientists Over Two Centuries 
C)  Galton's Natural Inheritance 
D)  Galton's Hereditary Genius

Question 13

Match the definition with the term.
-eugenics

Accepted Answer

A) a discipline that focuses on the measurement and study of variations among peo-ple on a psychological characteristic 
B) the percentage of a characteristic's variability within a population that is deter-mined by genetics 
C) the project of improving the human race through selective breeding 
A) a discipline that focuses on the measurement and study of variations among peo-ple on a psychological characteristic 
B) the percentage of a characteristic's variability within a population that is deter-mined by genetics 
C) the project of improving the human race through selective breeding

Question 14

Match the controversy with the individual.
-Arthur Jensen

Accepted Answer

A) He published studies of twin pairs reared apart,now discredited but supposedly conducted under nearly ideal scientific conditions,and suggesting a heritability of IQ is as high as .8. 
B) He hypothesized that the average IQ difference between African American and white Americans is significantly determined by genetic factors. 
C) His idea for eugenics,initially envisioned as a positive program to promote breed-ing by the gifted,was later taken up in negative programs designed to eliminate breeding by the unfit. 
A) He published studies of twin pairs reared apart,now discredited but supposedly conducted under nearly ideal scientific conditions,and suggesting a heritability of IQ is as high as .8. 
B) He hypothesized that the average IQ difference between African American and white Americans is significantly determined by genetic factors. 
C) His idea for eugenics,initially envisioned as a positive program to promote breed-ing by the gifted,was later taken up in negative programs designed to eliminate breeding by the unfit.

Question 15

As a result of organizing his data into __________,Galton noticed a pattern he termed regression toward the mean.

Accepted Answer

A)  normal distributions 
B)  regression lines 
C)  scatter plots 
D)  bell curves 
A)  normal distributions 
B)  regression lines 
C)  scatter plots 
D)  bell curves

Question 16

Francis Galton made important contributions to all of the following fields EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  meteorology. 
B)  geology. 
C)  genetics. 
D)  statistics. 
A)  meteorology. 
B)  geology. 
C)  genetics. 
D)  statistics.

Question 17

Who devised the computing formula now commonly used to calculate correlation coefficients?

Accepted Answer

A)  Karl Holzinger 
B)  Karl Pearson 
C)  Adolph Quetelet 
D)  Alphonse de Candolle 
A)  Karl Holzinger 
B)  Karl Pearson 
C)  Adolph Quetelet 
D)  Alphonse de Candolle

Question 18

Leon Kamin has said that his initial questions about Burt's twin research were aroused because

Accepted Answer

A)  Burt's studies were not published in reputable psychology journals. 
B)  Burt's sample sizes were too small to enable firm conclusions. 
C)  Burt's reported results were too theoretically "perfect" to be statistically credible. 
D)  Burt had had little experience in measuring intelligence. 
A)  Burt's studies were not published in reputable psychology journals. 
B)  Burt's sample sizes were too small to enable firm conclusions. 
C)  Burt's reported results were too theoretically "perfect" to be statistically credible. 
D)  Burt had had little experience in measuring intelligence.

Question 19

Match the publication with its author.
-Arthur Jensen

Accepted Answer

A) Born Together-Reared Apart: The Landmark Minnesota Twin Study 
B) "How Much Can We Boost IQ and Scholastic Achievement?" 
C) "The History of Twins,as a Criterion of the Relative Powers of Nature and Nur-ture" 
D) The Science and Politics of I.Q. 
A) Born Together-Reared Apart: The Landmark Minnesota Twin Study 
B) "How Much Can We Boost IQ and Scholastic Achievement?" 
C) "The History of Twins,as a Criterion of the Relative Powers of Nature and Nur-ture" 
D) The Science and Politics of I.Q.

Question 20

Francis Galton's first entrée into the British scientific world came primarily through his

Accepted Answer

A)  contacts with Charles Darwin. 
B)  African exploration and affiliation with the Royal Geographical Society. 
C)  fingerprinting work and collaboration with Scotland Yard. 
D)  prize-winning work in mathematics as a Cambridge undergraduate. 
A)  contacts with Charles Darwin. 
B)  African exploration and affiliation with the Royal Geographical Society. 
C)  fingerprinting work and collaboration with Scotland Yard. 
D)  prize-winning work in mathematics as a Cambridge undergraduate.

Match the definition with the term. -statistical correlation

Match the publication with its author. -Francis Galton

Match the definition with the term. -word-association technique

Studies of separated identical twins have had the purpose of measuring the "heritability" of various characteristics including IQ.That heritability figure is defined as the

For Galton,the most important goal of an ideal eugenic society would be to

Cyril Burt's study of separated identical twins was briefly considered to be the best of its kind primarily because of its claim that

Match the twin study with its corresponding author(s). -Cyril Burt

Match the definition with the term. -self-questionnaire method

Define heritability.

Match the understanding of intelligence with the individual. -Arthur Jensen

Galton's theories were substantially influenced by all of the following scientists EXCEPT

Which of the following books first made a strong case for the inheritance of human psychological characteristics?

Match the definition with the term. -eugenics

Match the controversy with the individual. -Arthur Jensen

As a result of organizing his data into __________,Galton noticed a pattern he termed regression toward the mean.

Francis Galton made important contributions to all of the following fields EXCEPT

Who devised the computing formula now commonly used to calculate correlation coefficients?

Leon Kamin has said that his initial questions about Burt's twin research were aroused because

Match the publication with its author. -Arthur Jensen

Francis Galton's first entrée into the British scientific world came primarily through his

Introduction: Studying the History of Psychology

Foundational Ideas from Antiquity

Pioneering Philosophers of Mind: Descartes, Locke, and Leibniz

Physiologists of Mind: Brain Scientists from Gall to Penfield

The Sensing and Perceiving Mind: From Kant through the Gestalt Psychologists

Wundt and the Establishment of Experimental Psychology

The Evolving Mind: Darwin and His Psychological Legacy

American Pioneers: James, Hall, Calkins, and Thorndike

Psychology as the Science of Behavior: Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner

Social Influence and Social Psychology: From Mesmer to Milgram and Beyond

Mind in Conflict: Freudian Psychoanalysis and Its Successors

Psychology Gets “Personality”: Allport, Maslow, and the Broadening Field

The Developing Mind: Binet, Piaget, and the Study of Intelligence

Minds, Machines, and Cognitive Psychology

Applying Psychology: From the Witness Stand to the Workplace

The Art and Science of Clinical Psychology

Filters

Exam 8: Measuring the Mind: Galton and Individual Differences

Match the definition with the term. -statistical correlation

Match the publication with its author. -Francis Galton

Match the definition with the term. -word-association technique

Studies of separated identical twins have had the purpose of measuring the "heritability" of various characteristics including IQ.That heritability figure is defined as the

For Galton,the most important goal of an ideal eugenic society would be to

Cyril Burt's study of separated identical twins was briefly considered to be the best of its kind primarily because of its claim that

Match the twin study with its corresponding author(s). -Cyril Burt

Match the definition with the term. -self-questionnaire method

Define heritability.

Match the understanding of intelligence with the individual. -Arthur Jensen

Galton's theories were substantially influenced by all of the following scientists EXCEPT

Which of the following books first made a strong case for the inheritance of human psychological characteristics?

Match the definition with the term. -eugenics

Match the controversy with the individual. -Arthur Jensen

As a result of organizing his data into __________,Galton noticed a pattern he termed regression toward the mean.

Francis Galton made important contributions to all of the following fields EXCEPT

Who devised the computing formula now commonly used to calculate correlation coefficients?

Leon Kamin has said that his initial questions about Burt's twin research were aroused because

Match the publication with its author. -Arthur Jensen

Francis Galton's first entrée into the British scientific world came primarily through his

Introduction: Studying the History of Psychology

Foundational Ideas from Antiquity

Pioneering Philosophers of Mind: Descartes, Locke, and Leibniz

Physiologists of Mind: Brain Scientists from Gall to Penfield

The Sensing and Perceiving Mind: From Kant through the Gestalt Psychologists

Wundt and the Establishment of Experimental Psychology

The Evolving Mind: Darwin and His Psychological Legacy

American Pioneers: James, Hall, Calkins, and Thorndike

Psychology as the Science of Behavior: Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner

Social Influence and Social Psychology: From Mesmer to Milgram and Beyond

Mind in Conflict: Freudian Psychoanalysis and Its Successors

Psychology Gets “Personality”: Allport, Maslow, and the Broadening Field

The Developing Mind: Binet, Piaget, and the Study of Intelligence

Minds, Machines, and Cognitive Psychology

Applying Psychology: From the Witness Stand to the Workplace

The Art and Science of Clinical Psychology

Filters