Question 1

Which of the following is a true statement about stimulus control?

Accepted Answer

A) Stimulus control frequently occurs without stimulus discrimination. 
B) Stimulus control cannot occur without stimulus discrimination. 
C) Stimulus control of behavior is constant across a species. 
D) None of the above 
A) Stimulus control frequently occurs without stimulus discrimination. 
B) Stimulus control cannot occur without stimulus discrimination. 
C) Stimulus control of behavior is constant across a species. 
D) None of the above

Question 2

Spence's theory suggests that the peak shift phenomenon will only occur when

Accepted Answer

A) the excitatory and inhibitory generalization gradients overlap. 
B) the excitatory and inhibitory generalization gradients do not overlap. 
C) the inhibitory generalization gradient shifts towards the S+. 
D) the excitatory generalization gradient shifts away from the S-. 
A) the excitatory and inhibitory generalization gradients overlap. 
B) the excitatory and inhibitory generalization gradients do not overlap. 
C) the inhibitory generalization gradient shifts towards the S+. 
D) the excitatory generalization gradient shifts away from the S-.

Question 3

Assume you would like your therapeutic treatments to generalize to outside settings.Which of the following would you not do?

Accepted Answer

A) Conduct sessions in your office so the client comes to associate the cues of the office with preparing for treatment. 
B) Use numerous exemplars during training. 
C) Make the treatment procedure indiscriminable or incidental to other activities. 
D) Make the treatment situation as similar as possible to the natural environment of the client. 
A) Conduct sessions in your office so the client comes to associate the cues of the office with preparing for treatment. 
B) Use numerous exemplars during training. 
C) Make the treatment procedure indiscriminable or incidental to other activities. 
D) Make the treatment situation as similar as possible to the natural environment of the client.

Question 4

For one group of pigeons, a black vertical bar on a white key light served as the S+ and the blank key light the S-. For another, the bar served as the S- and the blank key light the S+.When the bar was rotated toward the horizontal, the first group decreased pecking, and the second increased pecking.This demonstrates that

Accepted Answer

A) the response required influences discrimination training. 
B) excitatory and inhibitory conditioning can occur in discrimination training. 
C) discrimination training results in either excitatory or inhibitory conditioning, but not both. 
D) overshadowing can influence discrimination training. 
A) the response required influences discrimination training. 
B) excitatory and inhibitory conditioning can occur in discrimination training. 
C) discrimination training results in either excitatory or inhibitory conditioning, but not both. 
D) overshadowing can influence discrimination training.

Question 5

Which of the following pairs of stimuli will result in the greatest peak-shift phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) S+ = bright red light: S- = no light 
B) S+ = bright red light: S- = bright yellow light 
C) S+ = bright red light: S- = tone 
D) S+ = bright red light: S- = bright orange light 
A) S+ = bright red light: S- = no light 
B) S+ = bright red light: S- = bright yellow light 
C) S+ = bright red light: S- = tone 
D) S+ = bright red light: S- = bright orange light

Question 6

A drug has been developed to keep Mg++ in the NMDA receptor.You predict this will

Accepted Answer

A) facilitate long-term potentiation. 
B) increase the expression of AMPA in the postsynaptic membrane. 
C) disrupt long-term potentiation. 
D) enhance transfer of memory from short to long-term. 
A) facilitate long-term potentiation. 
B) increase the expression of AMPA in the postsynaptic membrane. 
C) disrupt long-term potentiation. 
D) enhance transfer of memory from short to long-term.

Question 7

What is the configural-cue approach? How does it differ from other approaches to the study of stimulus control?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the configural-cue approach? How does...

Question 8

The best evidence suggests that conditional relationships control behavior

Accepted Answer

A) in only instrumental conditioning situations. 
B) in only classical conditioning situations. 
C) in both instrumental and classical conditioning situations. 
D) in neither instrumental nor classical conditioning situations; they are important only in discrimination training. 
A) in only instrumental conditioning situations. 
B) in only classical conditioning situations. 
C) in both instrumental and classical conditioning situations. 
D) in neither instrumental nor classical conditioning situations; they are important only in discrimination training.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of Spence's theory as applied to the peak­shift phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) It predicts the peak shift phenomenon will only occur when the excitatory and inhibitory generalization gradients overlap. 
B) It predicts behavior based on the excitatory properties of a stimulus complex. 
C) It assumes that responses to a stimulus are based on the relation of that stimulus to other cues in the situation. 
D) It predicts that the shape of a generalization gradient will change as a function of the test stimuli. 
A) It predicts the peak shift phenomenon will only occur when the excitatory and inhibitory generalization gradients overlap. 
B) It predicts behavior based on the excitatory properties of a stimulus complex. 
C) It assumes that responses to a stimulus are based on the relation of that stimulus to other cues in the situation. 
D) It predicts that the shape of a generalization gradient will change as a function of the test stimuli.

Question 10

Describe the difference between intradimensional- and interdimensional- discrimination training.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the difference between intradimensional- and interdimensional-...

Question 11

Compare and contrast conditioned excitation and modulatory or occasion setting properties of stimuli.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast conditioned excitation and modulatory...

Question 12

The term "occasion setters" refers to

Accepted Answer

A) modulators of the response-reinforcer relationship in instrumental conditioning. 
B) modulators of the stimulus-response relationship in instrumental conditioning. 
C) modulators of the stimulus-reinforcer relationship in instrumental conditioning. 
D) modulators of the CS-US relationship in classical conditioning. 
A) modulators of the response-reinforcer relationship in instrumental conditioning. 
B) modulators of the stimulus-response relationship in instrumental conditioning. 
C) modulators of the stimulus-reinforcer relationship in instrumental conditioning. 
D) modulators of the CS-US relationship in classical conditioning.

Question 13

When pigeons are trained to respond to avoid shock in the presence of a combined light/tone stimulus, the   is most likely to control the instrumental behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) light 
B) tone 
C) context of the test chamber 
D) Stimulus control is likely to vary widely across individuals. 
A) light 
B) tone 
C) context of the test chamber 
D) Stimulus control is likely to vary widely across individuals.

Question 14

Your friend has enrolled in a course in music training.The first part of the course involves learning to recognize different tones.Every time the students hear a middle C, they are to raise their right hands.Early in training you expect the stimulus generalization gradient to

Accepted Answer

A) be flat. 
B) rise steeply just before the middle C mark, then drop immediately after. 
C) rise to a high at middle C and remain there. 
D) gradually rise and fall, with a peak at middle C. 
A) be flat. 
B) rise steeply just before the middle C mark, then drop immediately after. 
C) rise to a high at middle C and remain there. 
D) gradually rise and fall, with a peak at middle C.

Question 15

An animal demonstrates stimulus generalization when it

Accepted Answer

A) responds in a similar fashion to repeated presentations of the same stimulus. 
B) responds in a different fashion to repeated presentations of the same stimulus. 
C) responds in a similar fashion to two or more stimuli. 
D) responds in a different fashion to two or more stimuli. 
A) responds in a similar fashion to repeated presentations of the same stimulus. 
B) responds in a different fashion to repeated presentations of the same stimulus. 
C) responds in a similar fashion to two or more stimuli. 
D) responds in a different fashion to two or more stimuli.

Question 16

Describe the ways in which contextual cues can come to control behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the ways in which contextual cues...

Question 17

Modulator effects require that an organism treat the stimulus compound as independent cues.To ensure that this occurs, researchers present the stimuli

Accepted Answer

A) on independent trials. 
B) one after the other in a given trial. 
C) in a mixed order across trials. 
D) as a facilitated compound. 
A) on independent trials. 
B) one after the other in a given trial. 
C) in a mixed order across trials. 
D) as a facilitated compound.

Question 18

Describe the peak-shift effect and its determinants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the peak-shift effect and its determinants....

Question 19

According to Sidman, an equivalence class exists if members of the class have

Accepted Answer

A) symmetry 
B) reflexivity 
C) transitivity 
D) all of the above 
A) symmetry 
B) reflexivity 
C) transitivity 
D) all of the above

Question 20

Which of the following most resembles a positive patterning procedure of discrimination training?

Accepted Answer

A) Responding to a tone and a light together is reinforced; responding is not reinforced to either the tone or light alone. 
B) Responding to a tone alone or light alone is reinforced, but not when they occur together. 
C) Responding when a tone, or tone-light pair is reinforced, but not to the light alone. 
D) Responding to only a tone alone or light alone is reinforced, but not both. 
A) Responding to a tone and a light together is reinforced; responding is not reinforced to either the tone or light alone. 
B) Responding to a tone alone or light alone is reinforced, but not when they occur together. 
C) Responding when a tone, or tone-light pair is reinforced, but not to the light alone. 
D) Responding to only a tone alone or light alone is reinforced, but not both.

Which of the following is a true statement about stimulus control?

Spence's theory suggests that the peak shift phenomenon will only occur when

Assume you would like your therapeutic treatments to generalize to outside settings.Which of the following would you not do?

Which of the following pairs of stimuli will result in the greatest peak-shift phenomenon?

A drug has been developed to keep Mg++ in the NMDA receptor.You predict this will

What is the configural-cue approach? How does it differ from other approaches to the study of stimulus control?

The best evidence suggests that conditional relationships control behavior

Which of the following is true of Spence's theory as applied to the peakshift phenomenon?

Describe the difference between intradimensional- and interdimensional- discrimination training.

Compare and contrast conditioned excitation and modulatory or occasion setting properties of stimuli.

The term "occasion setters" refers to

When pigeons are trained to respond to avoid shock in the presence of a combined light/tone stimulus, the is most likely to control the instrumental behavior.

Your friend has enrolled in a course in music training.The first part of the course involves learning to recognize different tones.Every time the students hear a middle C, they are to raise their right hands.Early in training you expect the stimulus generalization gradient to

An animal demonstrates stimulus generalization when it

Describe the ways in which contextual cues can come to control behavior.

Modulator effects require that an organism treat the stimulus compound as independent cues.To ensure that this occurs, researchers present the stimuli

Describe the peak-shift effect and its determinants.

According to Sidman, an equivalence class exists if members of the class have

Which of the following most resembles a positive patterning procedure of discrimination training?

Introduction

Elicited Behavior, Habituation, and Sensitization

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Instrumental Conditioning

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Averse Control

Comparative Cognition I

Comparative Cognition Ii

Filters

Exam 8: Stimulus Control of Behavior

Which of the following is a true statement about stimulus control?

Spence's theory suggests that the peak shift phenomenon will only occur when

Assume you would like your therapeutic treatments to generalize to outside settings.Which of the following would you not do?

Which of the following pairs of stimuli will result in the greatest peak-shift phenomenon?

A drug has been developed to keep Mg++ in the NMDA receptor.You predict this will

What is the configural-cue approach? How does it differ from other approaches to the study of stimulus control?

The best evidence suggests that conditional relationships control behavior

Which of the following is true of Spence's theory as applied to the peak­shift phenomenon?

Describe the difference between intradimensional- and interdimensional- discrimination training.

Compare and contrast conditioned excitation and modulatory or occasion setting properties of stimuli.

The term "occasion setters" refers to

When pigeons are trained to respond to avoid shock in the presence of a combined light/tone stimulus, the is most likely to control the instrumental behavior.

Your friend has enrolled in a course in music training.The first part of the course involves learning to recognize different tones.Every time the students hear a middle C, they are to raise their right hands.Early in training you expect the stimulus generalization gradient to

An animal demonstrates stimulus generalization when it

Describe the ways in which contextual cues can come to control behavior.

Modulator effects require that an organism treat the stimulus compound as independent cues.To ensure that this occurs, researchers present the stimuli

Describe the peak-shift effect and its determinants.

According to Sidman, an equivalence class exists if members of the class have

Which of the following most resembles a positive patterning procedure of discrimination training?

Introduction

Elicited Behavior, Habituation, and Sensitization

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Instrumental Conditioning

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Averse Control

Comparative Cognition I

Comparative Cognition Ii

Filters

Which of the following is true of Spence's theory as applied to the peakshift phenomenon?