Question 1

Which of the following qualify for the Business Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sales records of a retail department store 
B)  Attendance records from a private elementary school 
C)  Medical records maintained by a family doctor 
D)  All of these records qualify as business records 
A)  Sales records of a retail department store 
B)  Attendance records from a private elementary school 
C)  Medical records maintained by a family doctor 
D)  All of these records qualify as business records D

Question 2

Hal has been charged with fraud based on the bankruptcy he filed for a business he owned. The prosecution has a number of documents it wishes to introduce:
•Numerous invoices itemizing orders taken by the staff at Hal's company. All invoices were printed with sequential numbers but nearly one quarter of them are missing from files in the company's accounting office.
•A promissory note indicating that Hal's company owes the lender $100,000. It appears that the document was altered and the original amount of the loan was $10,000.
•Digital personnel records showing that Hal's company owes its staff $500,000 in back wages
•Handwritten notes found in Hal's office. The notes were apparently made by Hal when discussing his gambling debts. The prosecution wants to introduce evidence that the promissory note was altered.

Accepted Answer

A)  The prosecution must introduce the original, unaltered note. 
B)  The judge may allow the prosecution to introduce secondary evidence if the defendant has possession of the original. 
C)  The prosecution must call someone to testify who saw Hal alter the note. 
D)  The prosecution must call the lender who saw Hal sign the original note. 
A)  The prosecution must introduce the original, unaltered note. 
B)  The judge may allow the prosecution to introduce secondary evidence if the defendant has possession of the original. 
C)  The prosecution must call someone to testify who saw Hal alter the note. 
D)  The prosecution must call the lender who saw Hal sign the original note. B

Question 3

Parol evidence about the content of a document is:

Accepted Answer

A)  any copy of the document other than the original. 
B)  testimony introduced when no documents are available. 
C)  a photocopy of the original document made in the line of business. 
D)  all of these are admissible as parol evidence 
A)  any copy of the document other than the original. 
B)  testimony introduced when no documents are available. 
C)  a photocopy of the original document made in the line of business. 
D)  all of these are admissible as parol evidence B

Question 4

When introducing documents at trial, "secondary evidence":

Accepted Answer

A)  is any document used to support the testimony of a witness. 
B)  is testimony introduced when documents are not available. 
C)  duplicates the original item. 
D)  all of these 
A)  is any document used to support the testimony of a witness. 
B)  is testimony introduced when documents are not available. 
C)  duplicates the original item. 
D)  all of these

Question 5

Under the Federal Rules of Evidence, what is the minimum age a document needs to be in order to be treated as an ancient document?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 years old 
B)  20 years old 
C)  30 years old 
D)  40 years old 
A)  10 years old 
B)  20 years old 
C)  30 years old 
D)  40 years old

Question 6

The fact that ink manufacturers include unique, nontoxic chemical markers in their ink each year makes it possible to determine:

Accepted Answer

A)  when a document was signed. 
B)  when a the pen used to sign the document was made. 
C)  when the ink on a document was produced. 
D)  all of these 
A)  when a document was signed. 
B)  when a the pen used to sign the document was made. 
C)  when the ink on a document was produced. 
D)  all of these

Question 7

A lay person can take the witness stand and identify the handwriting on a document:

Accepted Answer

A)  only if the witness saw the person write the entire document. 
B)  only if the witness has been familiar with the person's handwriting for at least 10 years. 
C)  only if the witness is familiar with the handwriting of the person in question. 
D)  only forensic handwriting examiners are allowed to identify handwriting. 
A)  only if the witness saw the person write the entire document. 
B)  only if the witness has been familiar with the person's handwriting for at least 10 years. 
C)  only if the witness is familiar with the handwriting of the person in question. 
D)  only forensic handwriting examiners are allowed to identify handwriting.

Question 8

The Penal Code officially published by your state, but not those printed by private publishers, is self-authenticating.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

All types of documentary evidence must be authenticated prior to being admitted into evidence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Primary evidence, as the term is used when introducing documents at trial, means the original document or a duplicate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Statements made by eye witnesses recorded in a report made by a police officer who was dispatched to the scene of a crime are admissible in court under the Public Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Advanced laser techniques make it possible to determine when a written document was produced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A forensic documents examiner can tell someone altered a document and determine what the document originally said:

Accepted Answer

A)  if a razor blade was used to remove what a part of the document originally said. 
B)  if sandpaper was used to remove what a part of the document originally said. 
C)  if chemicals were used to obliterate portions of the original document. 
D)  no matter what technique was used. 
A)  if a razor blade was used to remove what a part of the document originally said. 
B)  if sandpaper was used to remove what a part of the document originally said. 
C)  if chemicals were used to obliterate portions of the original document. 
D)  no matter what technique was used.

Question 14

The definition of "document" used in evidence includes materials containing words and symbols as well as those that contain visual or audio information.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

An acknowledgement is a form signed by a person who has compared a copy of a document to the original and verified that there are no alterations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Bob is on trial for the murder of Carl. The prosecution is basing its case on the theory that Bob forged Carl's will, which revoked Carl's original will and made Bob the sole beneficiary, before killing Carl. Carl's original will was witnessed by Donna and Eve. Eve is a notary public. The prosecution has not been able to locate her. How will this affect the admissibility of the will that she notarized?

Accepted Answer

A)  The signature will be admissible because all signatures of a notary public are self-authenticating. 
B)  If Eve signed the required statement of authenticity at the time the will was signed the prosecution will not need to authenticate it at trial. 
C)  The will can be admitted as a certified public record. 
D)  The page with Eve's signature will be inadmissible unless Eve testifies. 
A)  The signature will be admissible because all signatures of a notary public are self-authenticating. 
B)  If Eve signed the required statement of authenticity at the time the will was signed the prosecution will not need to authenticate it at trial. 
C)  The will can be admitted as a certified public record. 
D)  The page with Eve's signature will be inadmissible unless Eve testifies.

Question 17

In most cases, a three-dimensional model of the crime scene:

Accepted Answer

A)  would never be allowed in a criminal trial. 
B)  would be allowed if it is done to scale. 
C)  would be allowed only if both sides stipulated to admitting it. 
D)  would be allowed only if the person who made it testified. 
A)  would never be allowed in a criminal trial. 
B)  would be allowed if it is done to scale. 
C)  would be allowed only if both sides stipulated to admitting it. 
D)  would be allowed only if the person who made it testified.

Question 18

Which of the following is an accepted way of authenticating a document at trial?

Accepted Answer

A)  testimony of forensic document examiner 
B)  testimony of a person who observed the document being signed 
C)  testimony of a clerk who typed the document 
D)  all of these 
A)  testimony of forensic document examiner 
B)  testimony of a person who observed the document being signed 
C)  testimony of a clerk who typed the document 
D)  all of these

Question 19

What is the minimum number of matching characteristic that a forensic document examiner must find before he/she can state that the handwriting exemplar and the document in question were most likely written by the same person?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no set number of matching characteristics. 
B)  10 matching characteristics 
C)  20 matching characteristics 
D)  All the handwriting characteristics in the document in question must be matched to the handwriting exemplar. 
A)  There is no set number of matching characteristics. 
B)  10 matching characteristics 
C)  20 matching characteristics 
D)  All the handwriting characteristics in the document in question must be matched to the handwriting exemplar.

Question 20

Hal has been charged with fraud based on the bankruptcy he filed for a business he owned. The prosecution has a number of documents it wishes to introduce:
•Numerous invoices itemizing orders taken by the staff at Hal's company. All invoices were printed with sequential numbers but nearly one quarter of them are missing from files in the company's accounting office.
•A promissory note indicating that Hal's company owes the lender $100,000. It appears that the document was altered and the original amount of the loan was $10,000.
•Digital personnel records showing that Hal's company owes its staff $500,000 in back wages
•Handwritten notes found in Hal's office. The notes were apparently made by Hal when discussing his gambling debts. The prosecution wants to show that Hal under-report ed the company's sales in order to qualify for bankruptcy. Can invoices be admitted under the Business Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes because all records from a retail business qualify for the Business Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule. 
B)  Yes but only if the sales staff testify and authenticate each receipt. 
C)  No, the missing invoices indicate that the company's records are not trustworthy. 
D)  No, the Business Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule cannot be used in a criminal prosecution. 
A)  Yes because all records from a retail business qualify for the Business Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule. 
B)  Yes but only if the sales staff testify and authenticate each receipt. 
C)  No, the missing invoices indicate that the company's records are not trustworthy. 
D)  No, the Business Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule cannot be used in a criminal prosecution.

Which of the following qualify for the Business Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule?

Parol evidence about the content of a document is:

When introducing documents at trial, "secondary evidence":

Under the Federal Rules of Evidence, what is the minimum age a document needs to be in order to be treated as an ancient document?

The fact that ink manufacturers include unique, nontoxic chemical markers in their ink each year makes it possible to determine:

A lay person can take the witness stand and identify the handwriting on a document:

The Penal Code officially published by your state, but not those printed by private publishers, is self-authenticating.

All types of documentary evidence must be authenticated prior to being admitted into evidence.

Primary evidence, as the term is used when introducing documents at trial, means the original document or a duplicate.

Statements made by eye witnesses recorded in a report made by a police officer who was dispatched to the scene of a crime are admissible in court under the Public Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule.

Advanced laser techniques make it possible to determine when a written document was produced.

A forensic documents examiner can tell someone altered a document and determine what the document originally said:

The definition of "document" used in evidence includes materials containing words and symbols as well as those that contain visual or audio information.

An acknowledgement is a form signed by a person who has compared a copy of a document to the original and verified that there are no alterations.

In most cases, a three-dimensional model of the crime scene:

Which of the following is an accepted way of authenticating a document at trial?

What is the minimum number of matching characteristic that a forensic document examiner must find before he/she can state that the handwriting exemplar and the document in question were most likely written by the same person?

Introduction

The Role of the Courts

The Adjudication Process

Types of Evidence

Direct and Circumstantial Evidence

Witnesses

Crime Scene Evidence and Experiments

Hearsay and Its Exceptions

Privileged Communications

Developing Law of Search and Seizure

Field Interviews, Arrests and Jail Searches

Plain View, Consent, Vehicle, and Administrative Searches

USA Patriot Act, Foreign Intelligence, and Other Types of Electronic Surveillance Covered by Federal Law

Self-Incrimination

Identification Procedures

Preparing the Case for Court

Filters

Exam 8: Documentary Evidence, Models, Maps, and Diagrams

Which of the following qualify for the Business Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule?

Parol evidence about the content of a document is:

When introducing documents at trial, "secondary evidence":

Under the Federal Rules of Evidence, what is the minimum age a document needs to be in order to be treated as an ancient document?

The fact that ink manufacturers include unique, nontoxic chemical markers in their ink each year makes it possible to determine:

A lay person can take the witness stand and identify the handwriting on a document:

The Penal Code officially published by your state, but not those printed by private publishers, is self-authenticating.

All types of documentary evidence must be authenticated prior to being admitted into evidence.

Primary evidence, as the term is used when introducing documents at trial, means the original document or a duplicate.

Statements made by eye witnesses recorded in a report made by a police officer who was dispatched to the scene of a crime are admissible in court under the Public Records Exception to the Hearsay Rule.

Advanced laser techniques make it possible to determine when a written document was produced.

A forensic documents examiner can tell someone altered a document and determine what the document originally said:

The definition of "document" used in evidence includes materials containing words and symbols as well as those that contain visual or audio information.

An acknowledgement is a form signed by a person who has compared a copy of a document to the original and verified that there are no alterations.

In most cases, a three-dimensional model of the crime scene:

Which of the following is an accepted way of authenticating a document at trial?

What is the minimum number of matching characteristic that a forensic document examiner must find before he/she can state that the handwriting exemplar and the document in question were most likely written by the same person?

Introduction

The Role of the Courts

The Adjudication Process

Types of Evidence

Direct and Circumstantial Evidence

Witnesses

Crime Scene Evidence and Experiments

Hearsay and Its Exceptions

Privileged Communications

Developing Law of Search and Seizure

Field Interviews, Arrests and Jail Searches

Plain View, Consent, Vehicle, and Administrative Searches

USA Patriot Act, Foreign Intelligence, and Other Types of Electronic Surveillance Covered by Federal Law

Self-Incrimination

Identification Procedures

Preparing the Case for Court

Filters