Question 1

At the end of gastrulation, which of the following are produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  hollow balls of cells 
B)  embryos with germ layers 
C)  solid balls of cells 
D)  maternal messages 
E)  blastocyst 
A)  hollow balls of cells 
B)  embryos with germ layers 
C)  solid balls of cells 
D)  maternal messages 
E)  blastocyst

Question 2

A high level of which hormone increases the chances of having fraternal twins?

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen 
B)  progesterone 
C)  LH 
D)  hCG 
E)  FSH 
A)  estrogen 
B)  progesterone 
C)  LH 
D)  hCG 
E)  FSH

Question 3

Genetically programmed cell death is called

Accepted Answer

A)  hemoptysis. 
B)  apoptosis. 
C)  atalectasis. 
D)  acanthosis. 
E)  cellulosis. 
A)  hemoptysis. 
B)  apoptosis. 
C)  atalectasis. 
D)  acanthosis. 
E)  cellulosis.

Question 4

Although the placenta acts as a filter for many harmful substances, some are able to pass from mother to embryo. They include

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol. 
B)  toxins in cigarette smoke. 
C)  caffeine. 
D)  drugs. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  alcohol. 
B)  toxins in cigarette smoke. 
C)  caffeine. 
D)  drugs. 
E)  all of these.

Question 5

Capping the ends of chromosomes are stretches of DNA called

Accepted Answer

A)  centromeres. 
B)  centrosomes. 
C)  acrosomes. 
D)  telomeres. 
E)  isomers. 
A)  centromeres. 
B)  centrosomes. 
C)  acrosomes. 
D)  telomeres. 
E)  isomers.

Question 6

Respiratory distress syndrome is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  a lack of surfactant in the lungs. 
B)  premature birth. 
C)  lack of prenatal care. 
D)  a lack of surfactant in the lungs and premature birth. 
E)  premature birth and lack of prenatal care. 
A)  a lack of surfactant in the lungs. 
B)  premature birth. 
C)  lack of prenatal care. 
D)  a lack of surfactant in the lungs and premature birth. 
E)  premature birth and lack of prenatal care.

Question 7

Which of the following does NOT occur in the first trimester?

Accepted Answer

A)  formation of a heart 
B)  disappearance of the tail 
C)  formation of internal organs 
D)  detection of movement of the fetus 
E)  segmentation and development of somites 
A)  formation of a heart 
B)  disappearance of the tail 
C)  formation of internal organs 
D)  detection of movement of the fetus 
E)  segmentation and development of somites

Question 8

Extraembryonic membranes arise from the

Accepted Answer

A)  embryonic disk. 
B)  blastula. 
C)  placenta. 
D)  gastrula. 
E)  morula. 
A)  embryonic disk. 
B)  blastula. 
C)  placenta. 
D)  gastrula. 
E)  morula.

Question 9

Why do people tend to get shorter as they age?

Accepted Answer

A)  they hunch over due to fatigue 
B)  their bones become shorter 
C)  their muscles become shorter 
D)  the intervertebral disks deteriorate 
E)  the vertebral height diminishes 
A)  they hunch over due to fatigue 
B)  their bones become shorter 
C)  their muscles become shorter 
D)  the intervertebral disks deteriorate 
E)  the vertebral height diminishes

Question 10

Which of the following is the structure that allows blood to flow from the right atrium of the fetal heart directly to the aorta, thus bypassing the nonfunctioning lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  ductus arteriosus 
B)  fossa ovalis 
C)  ductus venosus 
D)  foramen ovale 
E)  allantois 
A)  ductus arteriosus 
B)  fossa ovalis 
C)  ductus venosus 
D)  foramen ovale 
E)  allantois

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT considered an extraembryonic membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  the yolk sac 
B)  the amnion 
C)  the chorion 
D)  the allantois 
E)  the placenta 
A)  the yolk sac 
B)  the amnion 
C)  the chorion 
D)  the allantois 
E)  the placenta

Question 12

The hollow space within the blastocyst is the

Accepted Answer

A)  trophoblast. 
B)  amnion. 
C)  blastocoel. 
D)  chorion. 
E)  placenta. 
A)  trophoblast. 
B)  amnion. 
C)  blastocoel. 
D)  chorion. 
E)  placenta.

Question 13

The urinary system develops primarily from

Accepted Answer

A)  ectoderm. 
B)  mesoderm. 
C)  endoderm. 
D)  the placenta. 
E)  the gray crescent. 
A)  ectoderm. 
B)  mesoderm. 
C)  endoderm. 
D)  the placenta. 
E)  the gray crescent.

Question 14

Cholesterol plaques in aging arteries and veins will lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  beta amyloid deposits. 
B)  changes in the electrolyte balance. 
C)  elevated blood pressure. 
D)  neurofibrillary tangles. 
E)  a smaller heart. 
A)  beta amyloid deposits. 
B)  changes in the electrolyte balance. 
C)  elevated blood pressure. 
D)  neurofibrillary tangles. 
E)  a smaller heart.

Question 15

Milk production in women is under the control of

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen. 
B)  prolactin. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  prostaglandin. 
E)  progesterone. 
A)  estrogen. 
B)  prolactin. 
C)  oxytocin. 
D)  prostaglandin. 
E)  progesterone.

Question 16

Age-related changes include

Accepted Answer

A)  taste buds becoming less sensitive. 
B)  people becoming farsighted. 
C)  sensory nerve cells in the ear become "worn out." 
D)  a reduction in male fertility. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  taste buds becoming less sensitive. 
B)  people becoming farsighted. 
C)  sensory nerve cells in the ear become "worn out." 
D)  a reduction in male fertility. 
E)  all of these.

Question 17

Once the embryo has implanted, the inner cell mass becomes

Accepted Answer

A)  the neural tube. 
B)  somites. 
C)  the embryonic disk. 
D)  the coelom. 
E)  the neural plate. 
A)  the neural tube. 
B)  somites. 
C)  the embryonic disk. 
D)  the coelom. 
E)  the neural plate.

Question 18

Which of the following is a single-layered, hollow ball of 16 cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  cleavage 
B)  morula 
C)  gastrula 
D)  zygote 
E)  blastula 
A)  cleavage 
B)  morula 
C)  gastrula 
D)  zygote 
E)  blastula

Question 19

On the average, how much weight should a healthy woman gain during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 to 15 pounds 
B)  15 to 25 pounds 
C)  20 to 35 pounds 
D)  25 to 40 pounds 
E)  30 to 50 pounds 
A)  10 to 15 pounds 
B)  15 to 25 pounds 
C)  20 to 35 pounds 
D)  25 to 40 pounds 
E)  30 to 50 pounds

Question 20

The embryo is designated a fetus by which week of pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  eighth 
B)  twelfth 
C)  sixteenth 
D)  twentieth 
E)  twenty-fourth 
A)  eighth 
B)  twelfth 
C)  sixteenth 
D)  twentieth 
E)  twenty-fourth

Exam 17: Development and Aging

At the end of gastrulation, which of the following are produced?

A high level of which hormone increases the chances of having fraternal twins?

Genetically programmed cell death is called

Although the placenta acts as a filter for many harmful substances, some are able to pass from mother to embryo. They include

Capping the ends of chromosomes are stretches of DNA called

Respiratory distress syndrome is due to

Which of the following does NOT occur in the first trimester?

Extraembryonic membranes arise from the

Why do people tend to get shorter as they age?

Which of the following is the structure that allows blood to flow from the right atrium of the fetal heart directly to the aorta, thus bypassing the nonfunctioning lungs?

Which of the following is NOT considered an extraembryonic membrane?

The hollow space within the blastocyst is the

The urinary system develops primarily from

Cholesterol plaques in aging arteries and veins will lead to

Milk production in women is under the control of

Age-related changes include

Once the embryo has implanted, the inner cell mass becomes

Which of the following is a single-layered, hollow ball of 16 cells?

On the average, how much weight should a healthy woman gain during pregnancy?

The embryo is designated a fetus by which week of pregnancy?

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Cells and How They Work

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

Genes and Disease: Cancer

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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