Question 1

How many differentiated cell types exist in an adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  100 
C)  150 
D)  200 
E)  it varies from person to person 
A)  50 
B)  100 
C)  150 
D)  200 
E)  it varies from person to person

Question 2

For the first few days after birth, the mammary glands produce a pale fluid rich in proteins, antibodies, minerals and vitamin A known as

Accepted Answer

A)  lanugo. 
B)  meconium. 
C)  colostrum. 
D)  surfactant. 
E)  premilk. 
A)  lanugo. 
B)  meconium. 
C)  colostrum. 
D)  surfactant. 
E)  premilk.

Question 3

Which of the following occurs in all three stages of the birthing process, or "labor"?

Accepted Answer

A)  dilation 
B)  delivery 
C)  contractions 
D)  afterbirth 
E)  rupture of amnion 
A)  dilation 
B)  delivery 
C)  contractions 
D)  afterbirth 
E)  rupture of amnion

Question 4

Blood vessels show which sign of aging?

Accepted Answer

A)  elastin fibers in their walls are replaced by collagen or calcium deposits 
B)  they become softer and expand more easily 
C)  the smooth muscle layer constricts more readily 
D)  elastin fibers double in quantity 
E)  veins develop more valves 
A)  elastin fibers in their walls are replaced by collagen or calcium deposits 
B)  they become softer and expand more easily 
C)  the smooth muscle layer constricts more readily 
D)  elastin fibers double in quantity 
E)  veins develop more valves

Question 5

In humans, the fluid immediately surrounding the embryo is enclosed by the

Accepted Answer

A)  allantois. 
B)  placenta. 
C)  chorion. 
D)  amnion. 
E)  yolk sac. 
A)  allantois. 
B)  placenta. 
C)  chorion. 
D)  amnion. 
E)  yolk sac.

Question 6

A morula becomes a _________ when it reaches the uterus.

Accepted Answer

A)  gastrula. 
B)  blastomere. 
C)  blastocyst. 
D)  gamete. 
E)  zygote. 
A)  gastrula. 
B)  blastomere. 
C)  blastocyst. 
D)  gamete. 
E)  zygote.

Question 7

Another term for aging is

Accepted Answer

A)  adolescence. 
B)  senescence. 
C)  pubescence. 
D)  childhood 
E)  neonate. 
A)  adolescence. 
B)  senescence. 
C)  pubescence. 
D)  childhood 
E)  neonate.

Question 8

Older people are more likely to develop autoimmune diseases. One possibility is

Accepted Answer

A)  a heightening of the immune response associated with age. 
B)  an increase in the number of T cells. 
C)  an increase in the activity of B cells. 
D)  a reduction in DNA repair mechanisms leading to a change in self-markers. 
E)  viral infections. 
A)  a heightening of the immune response associated with age. 
B)  an increase in the number of T cells. 
C)  an increase in the activity of B cells. 
D)  a reduction in DNA repair mechanisms leading to a change in self-markers. 
E)  viral infections.

Question 9

The presence of which hormone in a mother's urine indicates that she is pregnant?

Accepted Answer

A)  luteinizing hormone 
B)  follicle-stimulating hormone 
C)  human chorionic gonadotropin 
D)  progesterone 
E)  estrogen 
A)  luteinizing hormone 
B)  follicle-stimulating hormone 
C)  human chorionic gonadotropin 
D)  progesterone 
E)  estrogen

Question 10

The explanation for the differences between a cell from the human liver and a cell from the skin is the

Accepted Answer

A)  maternal origins of the cell types. 
B)  gene content of the two cells. 
C)  expression of the genes in the two cells. 
D)  fact that they are in different parts of the body. 
E)  paternal origins of the cell types. 
A)  maternal origins of the cell types. 
B)  gene content of the two cells. 
C)  expression of the genes in the two cells. 
D)  fact that they are in different parts of the body. 
E)  paternal origins of the cell types.

Question 11

The process of cleavage initially produces a

Accepted Answer

A)  zygote. 
B)  morula. 
C)  gastrula. 
D)  puff. 
E)  third germ layer. 
A)  zygote. 
B)  morula. 
C)  gastrula. 
D)  puff. 
E)  third germ layer.

Question 12

What is the most common cause of a miscarriage?

Accepted Answer

A)  cervical incompetence 
B)  genetic disorders of the embryo or fetus 
C)  infections 
D)  trauma 
E)  malnutrition of the mother 
A)  cervical incompetence 
B)  genetic disorders of the embryo or fetus 
C)  infections 
D)  trauma 
E)  malnutrition of the mother

Question 13

The heart, muscles, bones, and blood develop primarily from

Accepted Answer

A)  ectoderm. 
B)  mesoderm. 
C)  endoderm. 
D)  the placenta. 
E)  the gray crescent. 
A)  ectoderm. 
B)  mesoderm. 
C)  endoderm. 
D)  the placenta. 
E)  the gray crescent.

Question 14

Which stage in development occurs first?

Accepted Answer

A)  cleavage 
B)  morula 
C)  gastrula 
D)  zygote 
E)  blastula 
A)  cleavage 
B)  morula 
C)  gastrula 
D)  zygote 
E)  blastula

Question 15

Which stage of human development immediately precedes the neonate stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  fetus 
B)  embryo 
C)  infant 
D)  morula 
E)  newborn 
A)  fetus 
B)  embryo 
C)  infant 
D)  morula 
E)  newborn

Question 16

Identical twins arise from a split at which stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  the morula 
B)  the blastula 
C)  two cells 
D)  eight cells 
E)  32 cells 
A)  the morula 
B)  the blastula 
C)  two cells 
D)  eight cells 
E)  32 cells

Question 17

The average life expectancy for males in the United States is

Accepted Answer

A)  80 years. 
B)  79 years. 
C)  76 years. 
D)  74 years. 
E)  65 years. 
A)  80 years. 
B)  79 years. 
C)  76 years. 
D)  74 years. 
E)  65 years.

Question 18

How many days after fertilization does the zygote become a ball of cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  five days 
B)  four days 
C)  one to two days 
D)  six to eight days 
E)  it depends on the age of the mother 
A)  five days 
B)  four days 
C)  one to two days 
D)  six to eight days 
E)  it depends on the age of the mother

Question 19

As bones age in older persons, they

Accepted Answer

A)  have increased calcium deposits. 
B)  become stronger. 
C)  are less porous. 
D)  are more brittle. 
E)  increase in length. 
A)  have increased calcium deposits. 
B)  become stronger. 
C)  are less porous. 
D)  are more brittle. 
E)  increase in length.

Question 20

Which drug, if taken during pregnancy, results in infants with severely deformed arms and legs?

Accepted Answer

A)  tetracycline 
B)  thalidomide 
C)  streptomycin 
D)  salicylic acid 
E)  codeine 
A)  tetracycline 
B)  thalidomide 
C)  streptomycin 
D)  salicylic acid 
E)  codeine

Exam 17: Development and Aging

How many differentiated cell types exist in an adult?

For the first few days after birth, the mammary glands produce a pale fluid rich in proteins, antibodies, minerals and vitamin A known as

Which of the following occurs in all three stages of the birthing process, or "labor"?

Blood vessels show which sign of aging?

In humans, the fluid immediately surrounding the embryo is enclosed by the

A morula becomes a _________ when it reaches the uterus.

Another term for aging is

Older people are more likely to develop autoimmune diseases. One possibility is

The presence of which hormone in a mother's urine indicates that she is pregnant?

The explanation for the differences between a cell from the human liver and a cell from the skin is the

The process of cleavage initially produces a

What is the most common cause of a miscarriage?

The heart, muscles, bones, and blood develop primarily from

Which stage in development occurs first?

Which stage of human development immediately precedes the neonate stage?

Identical twins arise from a split at which stage?

The average life expectancy for males in the United States is

How many days after fertilization does the zygote become a ball of cells?

As bones age in older persons, they

Which drug, if taken during pregnancy, results in infants with severely deformed arms and legs?

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Cells and How They Work

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

Genes and Disease: Cancer

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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