Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: the genitals of snakes are analogous to a lock and key mechanism- the "keys' will only fit in certain "locks"
this type of isolation is most closely related to allopatric speciation
homozygous dominant black mice are camouflaged by dark rocks and homozygous recessive light-colored mice are camouflaged by light colored rocks. Heterozygous grey mice have no camouflage and are easily picked off and eaten by hawks.
prairie grouse females choose males to mate with that have the most intricate dance and make the loudest thumping noise with their chests
the migration of bison from one herd to another results in this
a small population of humans colonize a deserted island and most of them have attached earlobes. One hundred years later, the colony consists of 550 people all with attached earlobes.
the ear bones of mammals were adapted from the jaw bones of reptiles
two species of hawk are able to mate successfully, but one hunts in the morning and the other hunts at night. Mating between the two species does not occur
this type of isolation is most closely related to sexual selection

Accepted Answer

The Answer of temporal isolation and mechanical isolation and exaptation is...

Question 2

A change in chromosome number during fertilization can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  directional selection. 
D)  hybrid sterility. 
E)  allopatric speciation. 
A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  directional selection. 
D)  hybrid sterility. 
E)  allopatric speciation.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an application of cladistic analysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  determining the extent of genetic diversity within a population 
B)  conservation of species 
C)  viral pathways between unrelated species 
D)  the causes of extinction events 
E)  all of these are applications of cladistic analysis 
A)  determining the extent of genetic diversity within a population 
B)  conservation of species 
C)  viral pathways between unrelated species 
D)  the causes of extinction events 
E)  all of these are applications of cladistic analysis

Question 4

The HbS allele that causes sickle-cell anemia in the recessive condition is most common in areas that experience a high frequency of

Accepted Answer

A)  polio. 
B)  typhus. 
C)  diphtheria. 
D)  malaria. 
E)  cystic fibrosis. 
A)  polio. 
B)  typhus. 
C)  diphtheria. 
D)  malaria. 
E)  cystic fibrosis.

Question 5

Which of the following is most likely the result of a neutral mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  fingerprint patterns 
B)  larger brains 
C)  standing upright 
D)  digestion of cellulose 
E)  fur 
A)  fingerprint patterns 
B)  larger brains 
C)  standing upright 
D)  digestion of cellulose 
E)  fur

Question 6

____ introduce(s) new genetic combinations of alleles into the chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A)  Independent assortment in meiosis I 
B)  Crossing over in meiosis II 
C)  Breeding between the dominant individuals in the population 
D)  Breeding between the recessive individuals in the population 
E)  More than one of these 
A)  Independent assortment in meiosis I 
B)  Crossing over in meiosis II 
C)  Breeding between the dominant individuals in the population 
D)  Breeding between the recessive individuals in the population 
E)  More than one of these

Question 7

Genetic divergences may ultimately lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  new variations. 
B)  new species. 
C)  new gene frequencies. 
D)  new competition. 
E)  new alleles. 
A)  new variations. 
B)  new species. 
C)  new gene frequencies. 
D)  new competition. 
E)  new alleles.

Question 8

When a land bridge connecting two continents is cut off due to rising sea levels, this can lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  directional selection. 
D)  hybrid sterility. 
E)  allopatric speciation. 
A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  disruptive selection. 
C)  directional selection. 
D)  hybrid sterility. 
E)  allopatric speciation.

Question 9

The nodes on a cladogram represent

Accepted Answer

A)  periods of extinction. 
B)  derived characters. 
C)  clades. 
D)  common ancestors. 
E)  exaptations. 
A)  periods of extinction. 
B)  derived characters. 
C)  clades. 
D)  common ancestors. 
E)  exaptations.

Question 10

In the 16th century, a Spanish ship explored a Pacific Island that had a small mountain range separating it. Mice that were on the ship escaped onto the island on both sides of the mountain range. After decades of separation the two populations developed different numbers of chromosomes and in spite of the populations coming together again, the chromosomal differences prevented successful interbreeding. What is true about this speciation event?

Accepted Answer

A)  ecological isolation was followed by mechanical isolation 
B)  temporal isolation was followed by mechanical isolation 
C)  ecological isolation was followed by behavioral isolation 
D)  mechanical isolation was followed by temporal isolation 
E)  ecological isolation was followed by temporal isolation 
A)  ecological isolation was followed by mechanical isolation 
B)  temporal isolation was followed by mechanical isolation 
C)  ecological isolation was followed by behavioral isolation 
D)  mechanical isolation was followed by temporal isolation 
E)  ecological isolation was followed by temporal isolation

Question 11

Being a carrier for sickle cell anemia results in

Accepted Answer

A)  the Red Queen effect. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  a balanced polymorphism. 
D)  sexual selection. 
E)  disruptive selection. 
A)  the Red Queen effect. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  a balanced polymorphism. 
D)  sexual selection. 
E)  disruptive selection.

Question 12

The principle of parsimony states that

Accepted Answer

A)  the simplest pathway is most likely correct. 
B)  complexity is the key to truth. 
C)  the more members there are in the clade, the more likely it is a true clade. 
D)  derived characters are those shared by ancestral groupings. 
E)  most answers are incorrect. 
A)  the simplest pathway is most likely correct. 
B)  complexity is the key to truth. 
C)  the more members there are in the clade, the more likely it is a true clade. 
D)  derived characters are those shared by ancestral groupings. 
E)  most answers are incorrect.

Question 13

Which population's allele frequency is considered to be fixed?

Accepted Answer

A)  30 chimpanzees: 100% are AA 
B)  76 garter snakes: 50% are AA and 50% are aa 
C)  1100 fruit flies: 100% are aa 
D)  more than one of these 
E)  none of these 
A)  30 chimpanzees: 100% are AA 
B)  76 garter snakes: 50% are AA and 50% are aa 
C)  1100 fruit flies: 100% are aa 
D)  more than one of these 
E)  none of these

Question 14

The poison, warfarin, causes internal

Accepted Answer

A)  neurological malfunctioning. 
B)  bleeding. 
C)  seepage of acid from the stomach. 
D)  muscle degeneration. 
E)  epithelial destruction. 
A)  neurological malfunctioning. 
B)  bleeding. 
C)  seepage of acid from the stomach. 
D)  muscle degeneration. 
E)  epithelial destruction.

Question 15

In some species of flowering plants, pollen from unrelated species may germinate on the female stigma, but the pollen tube grows only a short distance and fertilization does not occur. This is an example of ___ isolation.

Accepted Answer

A)  species 
B)  temporal 
C)  behavioral 
D)  ecological 
E)  mechanical 
A)  species 
B)  temporal 
C)  behavioral 
D)  ecological 
E)  mechanical

Question 16

Rats are responsible for eating or fouling approximately ____ percent of our total food production.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20 
E)  25 
A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  15 
D)  20 
E)  25

Question 17

Puppies born too large experience difficulties in birthing and tend to have respiratory and other problems. Puppies born too small often can't compete with their siblings for their mother's milk. Thus, puppies born not too large or too small have a survival advantage. This is an example of ___ selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  directional 
B)  stabilizing 
C)  disruptive 
D)  frequency 
E)  more than one of these types of 
A)  directional 
B)  stabilizing 
C)  disruptive 
D)  frequency 
E)  more than one of these types of

Question 18

In early evolutionary history, primitive fishes had lungs that eventually evolved into the lungs of terrestrial organisms and the gas bladders of modern fishes who use gills, not lungs, for oxygen/ carbon dioxide gas exchange. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptive radiation. 
B)  exaptation. 
C)  sympatric speciation. 
D)  allopatric speciation. 
E)  temporal isolation. 
A)  adaptive radiation. 
B)  exaptation. 
C)  sympatric speciation. 
D)  allopatric speciation. 
E)  temporal isolation.

Question 19

____ will neither hurt nor help the individual's chances of survival.

Accepted Answer

A)  A beneficial mutation 
B)  A neutral mutation 
C)  A random mutation 
D)  A lethal mutation 
E)  None of these 
A)  A beneficial mutation 
B)  A neutral mutation 
C)  A random mutation 
D)  A lethal mutation 
E)  None of these

Question 20

The mutation rate for the human species is ___ mutations per base pair per year.

Accepted Answer

A)  2.2 hundred 
B)  2.2 thousand 
C)  2.2 million 
D)  2.2 billion 
E)  2.2 trillion 
A)  2.2 hundred 
B)  2.2 thousand 
C)  2.2 million 
D)  2.2 billion 
E)  2.2 trillion

Exam 12: Processes of Evolution

A change in chromosome number during fertilization can lead to

Which of the following is NOT an application of cladistic analysis?

The HbS allele that causes sickle-cell anemia in the recessive condition is most common in areas that experience a high frequency of

Which of the following is most likely the result of a neutral mutation?

____ introduce(s) new genetic combinations of alleles into the chromosomes.

Genetic divergences may ultimately lead to

When a land bridge connecting two continents is cut off due to rising sea levels, this can lead to

The nodes on a cladogram represent

Being a carrier for sickle cell anemia results in

The principle of parsimony states that

Which population's allele frequency is considered to be fixed?

The poison, warfarin, causes internal

In some species of flowering plants, pollen from unrelated species may germinate on the female stigma, but the pollen tube grows only a short distance and fertilization does not occur. This is an example of ___ isolation.

Rats are responsible for eating or fouling approximately ____ percent of our total food production.

In early evolutionary history, primitive fishes had lungs that eventually evolved into the lungs of terrestrial organisms and the gas bladders of modern fishes who use gills, not lungs, for oxygen/ carbon dioxide gas exchange. This is an example of

____ will neither hurt nor help the individual's chances of survival.

The mutation rate for the human species is ___ mutations per base pair per year.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Capturing and Releasing Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Plant Reproduction and Development

Filters