Question 1

Which of the following organisms cause malaria?

Accepted Answer

A)  a virus 
B)  a bacterium 
C)  an insect 
D)  a fungus 
E)  a protist 
A)  a virus 
B)  a bacterium 
C)  an insect 
D)  a fungus 
E)  a protist

Question 2

Genes that are exchanged between prokaryotes are contained in

Accepted Answer

A)  pili. 
B)  plasmids. 
C)  prokaryote RNA. 
D)  the nucleus. 
E)  capsules. 
A)  pili. 
B)  plasmids. 
C)  prokaryote RNA. 
D)  the nucleus. 
E)  capsules.

Question 3

The process by which bacteria evolved into mitochondria is most closely related to

Accepted Answer

A)  endocytosis. 
B)  exocytosis. 
C)  phagocytosis. 
D)  binary fission. 
E)  more than one of these. 
A)  endocytosis. 
B)  exocytosis. 
C)  phagocytosis. 
D)  binary fission. 
E)  more than one of these.

Question 4

The first eukaryotic cells were

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria. 
B)  archaea. 
C)  protists. 
D)  algae. 
E)  fungi. 
A)  bacteria. 
B)  archaea. 
C)  protists. 
D)  algae. 
E)  fungi.

Question 5

The first organisms

Accepted Answer

A)  had to be aerobic. 
B)  were pathogenic. 
C)  had to be anaerobic. 
D)  were heterotrophs. 
E)  were multi-celled. 
A)  had to be aerobic. 
B)  were pathogenic. 
C)  had to be anaerobic. 
D)  were heterotrophs. 
E)  were multi-celled.

Question 6

It is thought that viruses may have originated from cells because

Accepted Answer

A)  of their small size. 
B)  they are pathogens. 
C)  they can only replicate within a host cell. 
D)  they do not have organelles. 
E)  more than one of these. 
A)  of their small size. 
B)  they are pathogens. 
C)  they can only replicate within a host cell. 
D)  they do not have organelles. 
E)  more than one of these.

Question 7

What is the product of HIV reverse transcriptase?

Accepted Answer

A)  single stranded DNA 
B)  double stranded DNA 
C)  single stranded RNA 
D)  double stranded RNA 
E)  more than one of these 
A)  single stranded DNA 
B)  double stranded DNA 
C)  single stranded RNA 
D)  double stranded RNA 
E)  more than one of these

Question 8

The earliest known fossil cells date to ___ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  3.4 hundred 
B)  3.4 thousand 
C)  3.4 million 
D)  3.4 billion 
E)  3.4 trillion 
A)  3.4 hundred 
B)  3.4 thousand 
C)  3.4 million 
D)  3.4 billion 
E)  3.4 trillion

Question 9

Photosynthetic organisms using the oxygen-releasing pathway appeared on earth about ____ billion years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  1.3 
B)  1.8 
C)  2.3 
D)  2.7 
E)  3.8 
A)  1.3 
B)  1.8 
C)  2.3 
D)  2.7 
E)  3.8

Question 10

Why is DNA a more stable genome repository than RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  uracil needed for RNA synthesis is far less common than thymine needed for DNA synthesis 
B)  RNA breaks more easily and accumulates more mutations than DNA does 
C)  DNA is easier to build from its component molecules 
D)  DNA requires less energy to construct than RNA does 
E)  RNA molecules are longer than DNA molecules and thus more prone to snapping 
A)  uracil needed for RNA synthesis is far less common than thymine needed for DNA synthesis 
B)  RNA breaks more easily and accumulates more mutations than DNA does 
C)  DNA is easier to build from its component molecules 
D)  DNA requires less energy to construct than RNA does 
E)  RNA molecules are longer than DNA molecules and thus more prone to snapping

Question 11

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the wide range of diversity found in RNA viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  RNA polymerase 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  protease 
E)  ligase 
A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  RNA polymerase 
C)  reverse transcriptase 
D)  protease 
E)  ligase

Question 12

Organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum most likely arose by a process most closely related to

Accepted Answer

A)  endosymbiosis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  exocytosis. 
D)  cell fractionation. 
E)  binary fission. 
A)  endosymbiosis. 
B)  endocytosis. 
C)  exocytosis. 
D)  cell fractionation. 
E)  binary fission.

Question 13

Which of the following structural components is NOT a part of a bacteriophage?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein coat 
B)  DNA 
C)  viral envelope 
D)  all of these ARE parts of a bacteriophage 
E)  more than one of these is NOT a part of a bacteriophage 
A)  protein coat 
B)  DNA 
C)  viral envelope 
D)  all of these ARE parts of a bacteriophage 
E)  more than one of these is NOT a part of a bacteriophage

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true of ciliates?

Accepted Answer

A)  they have no cell wall 
B)  some are autotrophs 
C)  most live in seawater or fresh water 
D)  some live in mammalian guts 
E)  one species is a human pathogen 
A)  they have no cell wall 
B)  some are autotrophs 
C)  most live in seawater or fresh water 
D)  some live in mammalian guts 
E)  one species is a human pathogen

Question 15

Photosynthesis first occurs on Earth by about ___ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  4.6 billion 
B)  3.5 billion 
C)  2.7 billion 
D)  1.1 billion 
E)  0.5 billion 
A)  4.6 billion 
B)  3.5 billion 
C)  2.7 billion 
D)  1.1 billion 
E)  0.5 billion

Question 16

Two researchers suggested in the 1960s that ____ may have been the first informational molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA 
B)  a protein 
C)  RNA 
D)  a saccharide 
E)  a peptide 
A)  DNA 
B)  a protein 
C)  RNA 
D)  a saccharide 
E)  a peptide

Question 17

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are members of the same group. Select the EXCEPTION.

Accepted Answer

A)  archaea 
B)  protozoans 
C)  ciliates 
D)  dinoflagellates 
E)  euglenoids 
A)  archaea 
B)  protozoans 
C)  ciliates 
D)  dinoflagellates 
E)  euglenoids

Question 18

Examine the figure above and answer the following question(s). In the figure above, the viral DNA in the lysogenic pathway

Accepted Answer

A)  has been destroyed by host bacterial enzymes. 
B)  is integrated into the bacterial chromosome. 
C)  has been copied and changed into bacterial DNA. 
D)  is no longer present. 
E)  has been transcribed into RNA. 
A)  has been destroyed by host bacterial enzymes. 
B)  is integrated into the bacterial chromosome. 
C)  has been copied and changed into bacterial DNA. 
D)  is no longer present. 
E)  has been transcribed into RNA.

Question 19

Clay compounds were thought to be original sites for the formation of

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotide strands. 
B)  fat globules. 
C)  short polysaccharides. 
D)  amino acid chains. 
E)  sugar-protein complexes. 
A)  nucleotide strands. 
B)  fat globules. 
C)  short polysaccharides. 
D)  amino acid chains. 
E)  sugar-protein complexes.

Question 20

You boil water that has been extracted from a swamp and find there are archaea that are still alive. These archaea are most likely

Accepted Answer

A)  halophiles. 
B)  methanophiles. 
C)  photophiles. 
D)  thermophiles. 
E)  chemophiles. 
A)  halophiles. 
B)  methanophiles. 
C)  photophiles. 
D)  thermophiles. 
E)  chemophiles.

Exam 13: Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Which of the following organisms cause malaria?

Genes that are exchanged between prokaryotes are contained in

The process by which bacteria evolved into mitochondria is most closely related to

The first eukaryotic cells were

The first organisms

It is thought that viruses may have originated from cells because

What is the product of HIV reverse transcriptase?

The earliest known fossil cells date to ___ years ago.

Photosynthetic organisms using the oxygen-releasing pathway appeared on earth about ____ billion years ago.

Why is DNA a more stable genome repository than RNA?

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for the wide range of diversity found in RNA viruses?

Organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum most likely arose by a process most closely related to

Which of the following structural components is NOT a part of a bacteriophage?

Which of the following is NOT true of ciliates?

Photosynthesis first occurs on Earth by about ___ years ago.

Two researchers suggested in the 1960s that ____ may have been the first informational molecule.

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are members of the same group. Select the EXCEPTION.

Examine the figure above and answer the following question(s). In the figure above, the viral DNA in the lysogenic pathway

Clay compounds were thought to be original sites for the formation of

You boil water that has been extracted from a swamp and find there are archaea that are still alive. These archaea are most likely

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Capturing and Releasing Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Plant Reproduction and Development

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