Question 1

In which of the following ways does the fly kill a fire ant?

Accepted Answer

A)  A female fly lays an egg in the ant's soft tissues, and in the process of development, the resulting larvae kills the ant. 
B)  A fly (male or female) injects a poisonous substance in the ant which results in paralyzing its muscles. 
C)  A fly (male or female) injects a substance that sterilizes the ant. 
D)  A fly (male or female) causes the ant's death by depriving it from its necessary resources and habitat. 
E)  A fly (male or female) injects a substance that sterilizes the ant and paralyzes its muscles. 
A)  A female fly lays an egg in the ant's soft tissues, and in the process of development, the resulting larvae kills the ant. 
B)  A fly (male or female) injects a poisonous substance in the ant which results in paralyzing its muscles. 
C)  A fly (male or female) injects a substance that sterilizes the ant. 
D)  A fly (male or female) causes the ant's death by depriving it from its necessary resources and habitat. 
E)  A fly (male or female) injects a substance that sterilizes the ant and paralyzes its muscles.

Question 2

Match between columns
                        Premises: primary consumers
an earthworm
a zebra grazing on savanna grass
the end point of all trophic levels- fungi are most common
spotted owls eating mice

Accepted Answer

The Answer of carnivore and producer and herbivore. and herbivore is...

Question 3

In a hypothetical land ecosystem, plants- the primary producers- capture 1000 kilocalories of sunlight energy per square meter per year. Approximately, how many kilocalories of the plant's energy will be harvested by the third trophic level?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  10 
C)  100 
D)  1000 
E)  impossible to calculate 
A)  1 
B)  10 
C)  100 
D)  1000 
E)  impossible to calculate

Question 4

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heat loss represents a one-way loss of energy from an ecosystem. 
B)  Organisms in the food chain can use all the energy contained in the food that they eat. 
C)  In some ecosystems, the majority of the energy stored in plants does not become available until the plants die. 
D)  Heat and energy are lost by each organism in the ecosystem. 
E)  The two food webs are classified as grazing and detrital. 
A)  Heat loss represents a one-way loss of energy from an ecosystem. 
B)  Organisms in the food chain can use all the energy contained in the food that they eat. 
C)  In some ecosystems, the majority of the energy stored in plants does not become available until the plants die. 
D)  Heat and energy are lost by each organism in the ecosystem. 
E)  The two food webs are classified as grazing and detrital.

Question 5

Which of the following is TRUE of exotic species?

Accepted Answer

A)  In general, exotic species do not have predators in their new location. 
B)  An exotic species is a species that evolved in one region but has been introduced to and become established in another. 
C)  An exotic species is often untroubled by competitors. 
D)  An exotic species is often untroubled by parasites and diseases. 
E)  All of these are true. 
A)  In general, exotic species do not have predators in their new location. 
B)  An exotic species is a species that evolved in one region but has been introduced to and become established in another. 
C)  An exotic species is often untroubled by competitors. 
D)  An exotic species is often untroubled by parasites and diseases. 
E)  All of these are true.

Question 6

Which of the following rocks are formed from the carbon shells of marine organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  limestone 
B)  granite 
C)  shale 
D)  rhyolite 
E)  gneiss 
A)  limestone 
B)  granite 
C)  shale 
D)  rhyolite 
E)  gneiss

Question 7

The bacterium, E.coli , lives in the large intestines of mammals and feeds on undigested food material. E.coli helps to synthesize vitamin K that is essential for mammalian blood clotting. The relationship between E.coli and mammals is a

Accepted Answer

A)  commensalism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  parasitism. 
A)  commensalism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  parasitism.

Question 8

The relationship between the yucca plant and the yucca moth that pollinates it is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  commensalism. 
B)  parasitism. 
C)  predation. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  commensalism. 
B)  parasitism. 
C)  predation. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  all of these.

Question 9

Which of the following pollutants is associated with thyroid cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrate 
B)  nitrous oxide 
C)  ammonia 
D)  phosphate 
E)  more than one of these 
A)  nitrate 
B)  nitrous oxide 
C)  ammonia 
D)  phosphate 
E)  more than one of these

Question 10

The subdividing of some category of similar resources in a way that allows competing species to exist is

Accepted Answer

A)  competitive exclusion. 
B)  social parasitism. 
C)  predation. 
D)  mimicry. 
E)  resource partitioning. 
A)  competitive exclusion. 
B)  social parasitism. 
C)  predation. 
D)  mimicry. 
E)  resource partitioning.

Question 11

The keystone species in a Pacific Northwest Old Growth Forest

Accepted Answer

A)  is the Spotted owl, that preys on rodents. 
B)  are the mice that feed on mushrooms and truffles. 
C)  are the Douglas fir trees that are dominant species. 
D)  are the Douglas squirrels that spread the seeds of the Douglas fir. 
E)  are the piliated woodpeckers that nest in Douglas fir. 
A)  is the Spotted owl, that preys on rodents. 
B)  are the mice that feed on mushrooms and truffles. 
C)  are the Douglas fir trees that are dominant species. 
D)  are the Douglas squirrels that spread the seeds of the Douglas fir. 
E)  are the piliated woodpeckers that nest in Douglas fir.

Question 12

A relationship which benefits flow both ways between the interacting species is

Accepted Answer

A)  a neutral relationship. 
B)  commensalism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  parasitism. 
A)  a neutral relationship. 
B)  commensalism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  parasitism.

Question 13

A sheep eating by pulling the plant out of the ground is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  parasitism. 
B)  predation. 
C)  commensalism. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  competitive exclusion. 
A)  parasitism. 
B)  predation. 
C)  commensalism. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  competitive exclusion.

Question 14

The most species rich communities are found in

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical rain forests. 
B)  hot deserts. 
C)  eastern deciduous forests. 
D)  grasslands. 
E)  northern coniferous forests. 
A)  tropical rain forests. 
B)  hot deserts. 
C)  eastern deciduous forests. 
D)  grasslands. 
E)  northern coniferous forests.

Question 15

The Venus flytrap receives its nitrogen by trapping and digesting insects. This is a type of

Accepted Answer

A)  commensalism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  parasitism. 
A)  commensalism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  parasitism.

Question 16

Which of the following geographical areas offers the most suitable environment for development of life?

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical regions 
B)  temperate regions 
C)  desert regions 
D)  equatorial regions 
E)  polar regions 
A)  tropical regions 
B)  temperate regions 
C)  desert regions 
D)  equatorial regions 
E)  polar regions

Question 17

A one-way relationship in which one species benefits and directly hurts the other is called

Accepted Answer

A)  commensalism. 
B)  competition. 
C)  parasitism. 
D)  predation. 
E)  more than one of these. 
A)  commensalism. 
B)  competition. 
C)  parasitism. 
D)  predation. 
E)  more than one of these.

Question 18

The interaction between two species in which both species may be harmed is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  parasitism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  commensalism. 
A)  parasitism. 
B)  mutualism. 
C)  competition. 
D)  predation. 
E)  commensalism.

Question 19

The pyramid of energy is

Accepted Answer

A)  a demonstration of the first law of thermodynamics. 
B)  a result in the decline in the energy available as energy travels through the trophic levels. 
C)  fundamentally different from the pyramid of biomass and the pyramid of numbers. 
D)  just one of the manifestations of competition. 
E)  the result of eating the correct foods. 
A)  a demonstration of the first law of thermodynamics. 
B)  a result in the decline in the energy available as energy travels through the trophic levels. 
C)  fundamentally different from the pyramid of biomass and the pyramid of numbers. 
D)  just one of the manifestations of competition. 
E)  the result of eating the correct foods.

Question 20

Nitrogen gas is first converted into ___ by certain___ before it enters the land nitrogen cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrate...bacteria 
B)  ammonium...bacteria 
C)  elemental nitrogen...bacteria 
D)  nitrate...bacteria and fungi 
E)  ammonium...bacteria and fungi 
A)  nitrate...bacteria 
B)  ammonium...bacteria 
C)  elemental nitrogen...bacteria 
D)  nitrate...bacteria and fungi 
E)  ammonium...bacteria and fungi

Exam 17: Communities and Ecosystems

In which of the following ways does the fly kill a fire ant?

In a hypothetical land ecosystem, plants- the primary producers- capture 1000 kilocalories of sunlight energy per square meter per year. Approximately, how many kilocalories of the plant's energy will be harvested by the third trophic level?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following is TRUE of exotic species?

Which of the following rocks are formed from the carbon shells of marine organisms?

The bacterium, E.coli , lives in the large intestines of mammals and feeds on undigested food material. E.coli helps to synthesize vitamin K that is essential for mammalian blood clotting. The relationship between E.coli and mammals is a

The relationship between the yucca plant and the yucca moth that pollinates it is best described as

Which of the following pollutants is associated with thyroid cancer?

The subdividing of some category of similar resources in a way that allows competing species to exist is

The keystone species in a Pacific Northwest Old Growth Forest

A relationship which benefits flow both ways between the interacting species is

A sheep eating by pulling the plant out of the ground is an example of

The most species rich communities are found in

The Venus flytrap receives its nitrogen by trapping and digesting insects. This is a type of

Which of the following geographical areas offers the most suitable environment for development of life?

A one-way relationship in which one species benefits and directly hurts the other is called

The interaction between two species in which both species may be harmed is known as

The pyramid of energy is

Nitrogen gas is first converted into ___ by certain___ before it enters the land nitrogen cycle.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Capturing and Releasing Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Plant Reproduction and Development

Filters

Nitrogen gas is first converted into _ by certain_ before it enters the land nitrogen cycle.