Exam 2: How Probation Developed Chronicling Its Past and Present

Massachusetts's judges often used this procedure to allow offenders to go free when they thought the statutory penalties were inhumane.

John Augustus, a Boston boot maker in the mid-1800s, has been credited as being the "Father of Probation" in the United States. ​

The case of _____ is often cited as an example of the early use of release on recognizance. ​

Security for good behavior is similar to modern-day ​

Which of the following agencies qualifies for funding through community corrections acts? ​

The community corrections model known as the ____________ model sought to provide therapeutic services to probationers or parolees (often referred to as clients) to assist them in living productively in the community.

In the United States today, probation is exclusively administered by the executive branch of government. ​

To protect children from exploitation in the early to mid-1800s, the New York Children's Aid Society ​

The "justice" model of supervision in community corrections sought to provide ​

The procedure most closely related to modern probation is the indeterminate sentence. ​

Diversion is also known as

The chance to avoid a criminal record by completing a term of community supervision where an individual follows a predetermined treatment plan while agreeing to stay out of trouble is known as ___________.

A "motion to quash" is a court order that postpones the filing, imposition, or execution of a sentence if an offender can maintain good behavior. ​

Early British criminal law was dominated by the objectives of punishment and retribution. ​

The "brokerage of services era of community corrections" involved identifying the needs of probationers and parolees and referring them to an appropriate community agency.

What was the significance of the decision in Commonwealth v. Chase ?

How has the concept of supervision changed over the past century? What factors have brought about these changes?

A procedure that allowed the indictment to be held without further action but allowed the judge to impose certain conditions on the defendant was known as ​

_____ refers to the an alternative program to traditional criminal justice sentences that provides first time offenders with a chance to have the current charges against them if they abide by a predetermined treatment plan to be carried out in the community. ​

______________ was the person responsible for the establishment of the first juvenile court in 1899 in the city of Chicago, Illinois.