Exam 18: Punishment and Correction

What type of control mechanism is commonly used with home confinement?

For many years, the nation's courts did not interfere in prison operations because of the belief that the courts lacked technical competence in prison administration, society's general apathy toward prisons, and the belief that prisoners' complaints involved privileges rather than rights.  This is called the ___________________________.

In ____________________________, the Supreme Court  gave inmates the right to secure proper medical attention.

Probation is the most commonly used alternative sentence, even for those convicted of a felony.  Today, how many offenders are on probation?

Incarcerating offenders in prisons and jails allows the state to seek to reduce or eliminate offenders' opportunities to commit future crimes. This goal of punishment is termed:

It was in Pittsburgh that the first Western State Penitentiary was built, mandated by the General Assembly in 1818 and opened in 1826.

Which goal of punishment is aimed at reducing future criminality by treating and eliminating the underlying causes of crime?

Identify four goals of punishment and explain their justifications.

Executions may actually increase the likelihood of murders being committed; this is a consequence referred to as the _________________________.

When a jail term is required as a condition of probation it is termed:

The use of _________________ was introduced in American law with the passage of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization and the Continuing Criminal Enterprises acts, both of which allow the seizure of any property derived from illegal enterprises or conspiracies.

Jails in sixteenth-century Europe were used to house those awaiting trial and punishment.  Why were jails not used to house sentenced offenders?

Electronic monitoring, while highly effective, is also very expensive.

What is not true about intermediate sentences?