Question 1

Which type of psychologist might administer an intelligence test to your 12-year-old child to determine if he or she should be in special education classes?

Accepted Answer

A) school 
B) educational 
C) counseling 
D) clinical 
E) personality 
A) school 
B) educational 
C) counseling 
D) clinical 
E) personality A

Question 2

Dr. Williamson works with the FBI to develop personality profiles of rapists. Williamson is probably a(n)______ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A) social 
B) forensic 
C) industrial/organizational 
D) physiological 
E) health 
A) social 
B) forensic 
C) industrial/organizational 
D) physiological 
E) health B

Question 3

Which of the following is the most complete definition of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) The science of observable behavior and thoughts. 
B) The science of behavior. 
C) The science of mental processes. 
D) The science of behavior and mental processes. 
E) The art of behavior and mental processes. 
A) The science of observable behavior and thoughts. 
B) The science of behavior. 
C) The science of mental processes. 
D) The science of behavior and mental processes. 
E) The art of behavior and mental processes. D

Question 4

In her dissertation research, a graduate student finds a correlation of +0.95 between two of the variables being studied. How should she interpret this correlation coefficient?

Accepted Answer

A) There is no relationship between the variables. 
B) The variables have a moderate, positive relationship. 
C) The variables have a strong, negative relationship. 
D) The variables have a moderate, negative relationship. 
E) The variables have a strong, positive relationship. 
A) There is no relationship between the variables. 
B) The variables have a moderate, positive relationship. 
C) The variables have a strong, negative relationship. 
D) The variables have a moderate, negative relationship. 
E) The variables have a strong, positive relationship.

Question 5

The major proponent of behaviorism for much of the 20th century was

Accepted Answer

A) Watson. 
B) Skinner. 
C) James. 
D) Wertheimer. 
E) Freud. 
A) Watson. 
B) Skinner. 
C) James. 
D) Wertheimer. 
E) Freud.

Question 6

All of the following would be exhibited by neo-Freudians EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) reduced emphasis on sexual and aggressive urges. 
B) increased emphasis on the unconscious. 
C) increased emphasis on self-awareness. 
D) increased emphasis on self-direction. 
E) increased emphasis on conscious choice. 
A) reduced emphasis on sexual and aggressive urges. 
B) increased emphasis on the unconscious. 
C) increased emphasis on self-awareness. 
D) increased emphasis on self-direction. 
E) increased emphasis on conscious choice.

Question 7

_____ psychologists study the relationship between psychological factors and the prevention and treatment of physical illness.

Accepted Answer

A) Consumer 
B) Clinical 
C) Educational 
D) Developmental 
E) Health 
A) Consumer 
B) Clinical 
C) Educational 
D) Developmental 
E) Health

Question 8

A statistical measure of the association between two variables is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) independent variable. 
B) dependent variable. 
C) control variable. 
D) correlation coefficient. 
E) placebo. 
A) independent variable. 
B) dependent variable. 
C) control variable. 
D) correlation coefficient. 
E) placebo.

Question 9

______ psychologists have worked to identify the cluster of psychological characteristics and behaviors that distinguish people.

Accepted Answer

A) Educational 
B) Personality 
C) Experimental 
D) School 
E) Developmental 
A) Educational 
B) Personality 
C) Experimental 
D) School 
E) Developmental

Question 10

Which type of psychologist would evaluate whether overcrowding in urban areas is associated with increased violent crimes?

Accepted Answer

A) Evolutionary 
B) Consumer 
C) Environmental 
D) Clinical 
E) Personality 
A) Evolutionary 
B) Consumer 
C) Environmental 
D) Clinical 
E) Personality

Question 11

Social desirability bias and volunteer bias are problems typically associated with which research method?

Accepted Answer

A) naturalistic observation 
B) experiments 
C) case studies 
D) field studies 
E) surveys 
A) naturalistic observation 
B) experiments 
C) case studies 
D) field studies 
E) surveys

Question 12

In the psychodynamic view, the _____ is an area of the mind that lies beyond the reach of ordinary consciousness.

Accepted Answer

A) preconscious 
B) subconscious 
C) conscience 
D) personal conscious 
E) unconscious 
A) preconscious 
B) subconscious 
C) conscience 
D) personal conscious 
E) unconscious

Question 13

Which of the following statements would be made by a humanist?

Accepted Answer

A) Unhealthy eating habits lead to obesity. 
B) Aggression results when people are blocked from pursuing their goals. 
C) Depression is related to changes in brain chemistry. 
D) Aggression is related to unconscious impulses. 
E) Obesity is best understood in its cultural context. 
A) Unhealthy eating habits lead to obesity. 
B) Aggression results when people are blocked from pursuing their goals. 
C) Depression is related to changes in brain chemistry. 
D) Aggression is related to unconscious impulses. 
E) Obesity is best understood in its cultural context.

Question 14

______ was the first African American to receive a doctorate in psychology in the United States, and ______ was the first African American to publish research findings in a major journal.

Accepted Answer

A) Kenneth Clark; Richard Suinn 
B) J. Henry Alston; Kenneth Clark 
C) Gilbert Haven Jones; Francis Sumner 
D) Mary Whiton Calkins; Margaret Floy Washburn 
E) Francis Sumner; J. Henry Alston 
A) Kenneth Clark; Richard Suinn 
B) J. Henry Alston; Kenneth Clark 
C) Gilbert Haven Jones; Francis Sumner 
D) Mary Whiton Calkins; Margaret Floy Washburn 
E) Francis Sumner; J. Henry Alston

Question 15

Ajit is a graduate student in psychology who is conducting research on the effectiveness of two types of therapy in the treatment of phobias. Ajit is at the stage where he uses statistics to analyze the data he has collected in order to determine if his initial hypothesis is supported by the research. At which stage of the scientific method is Ajit working?

Accepted Answer

A) Drawing conclusions 
B) Developing a research question 
C) Gathering evidence 
D) Replicating results 
E) Forming a hypothesis 
A) Drawing conclusions 
B) Developing a research question 
C) Gathering evidence 
D) Replicating results 
E) Forming a hypothesis

Question 16

A humanist would give which explanation for aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) Brain abnormalities explain violent behavior in some people. 
B) Social conditions give rise to drug use that, in turn, causes aggressive behavior. 
C) Aggression results from unconscious impulses. 
D) Aggression increases when people become frustrated by not being able to meet their goals. 
E) Aggression is learned through observing others and through reinforcement. 
A) Brain abnormalities explain violent behavior in some people. 
B) Social conditions give rise to drug use that, in turn, causes aggressive behavior. 
C) Aggression results from unconscious impulses. 
D) Aggression increases when people become frustrated by not being able to meet their goals. 
E) Aggression is learned through observing others and through reinforcement.

Question 17

Dr. Spires talks with some students before psychology class begins. Spires says, "I believe that mental experience is best understood as a whole, rather than in terms of its parts." Her students recognize that Spires describes which school of thought?

Accepted Answer

A) Gestalt 
B) Humanism 
C) Psychodynamic 
D) Structuralism 
E) Functionalism 
A) Gestalt 
B) Humanism 
C) Psychodynamic 
D) Structuralism 
E) Functionalism

Question 18

Which perspective in psychology would suggest that depression is related to changes in brain chemistry?

Accepted Answer

A) Psychodynamic 
B) Physiological 
C) Cognitive 
D) Humanistic 
E) Behavioral 
A) Psychodynamic 
B) Physiological 
C) Cognitive 
D) Humanistic 
E) Behavioral

Question 19

Which of the following does NOT belong?

Accepted Answer

A) Mental structures 
B) Structuralism 
C) Introspection 
D) Functionalism 
E) Wundt and Titchener 
A) Mental structures 
B) Structuralism 
C) Introspection 
D) Functionalism 
E) Wundt and Titchener

Question 20

Christine Ladd-Franklin is credited as being

Accepted Answer

A) the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology. 
B) the first African-American woman to conduct research in psychology. 
C) the earliest woman pioneer in psychology. 
D) the first person to receive a Ph.D. in psychology from Yale University. 
E) the first female president of the APA. 
A) the first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology. 
B) the first African-American woman to conduct research in psychology. 
C) the earliest woman pioneer in psychology. 
D) the first person to receive a Ph.D. in psychology from Yale University. 
E) the first female president of the APA.

Which type of psychologist might administer an intelligence test to your 12-year-old child to determine if he or she should be in special education classes?

Dr. Williamson works with the FBI to develop personality profiles of rapists. Williamson is probably a(n)______ psychologist.

Which of the following is the most complete definition of psychology?

In her dissertation research, a graduate student finds a correlation of +0.95 between two of the variables being studied. How should she interpret this correlation coefficient?

The major proponent of behaviorism for much of the 20^th century was

All of the following would be exhibited by neo-Freudians EXCEPT

_____ psychologists study the relationship between psychological factors and the prevention and treatment of physical illness.

A statistical measure of the association between two variables is called a(n)

______ psychologists have worked to identify the cluster of psychological characteristics and behaviors that distinguish people.

Which type of psychologist would evaluate whether overcrowding in urban areas is associated with increased violent crimes?

Social desirability bias and volunteer bias are problems typically associated with which research method?

In the psychodynamic view, the _____ is an area of the mind that lies beyond the reach of ordinary consciousness.

Which of the following statements would be made by a humanist?

was the first African American to receive a doctorate in psychology in the United States, and was the first African American to publish research findings in a major journal.

A humanist would give which explanation for aggression?

Dr. Spires talks with some students before psychology class begins. Spires says, "I believe that mental experience is best understood as a whole, rather than in terms of its parts." Her students recognize that Spires describes which school of thought?

Which perspective in psychology would suggest that depression is related to changes in brain chemistry?

Which of the following does NOT belong?

Christine Ladd-Franklin is credited as being

Biological Foundations of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking Language and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development

Psychology and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Which type of psychologist might administer an intelligence test to your 12-year-old child to determine if he or she should be in special education classes?

Dr. Williamson works with the FBI to develop personality profiles of rapists. Williamson is probably a(n)______ psychologist.

Which of the following is the most complete definition of psychology?

In her dissertation research, a graduate student finds a correlation of +0.95 between two of the variables being studied. How should she interpret this correlation coefficient?

The major proponent of behaviorism for much of the 20th century was

All of the following would be exhibited by neo-Freudians EXCEPT

_____ psychologists study the relationship between psychological factors and the prevention and treatment of physical illness.

A statistical measure of the association between two variables is called a(n)

______ psychologists have worked to identify the cluster of psychological characteristics and behaviors that distinguish people.

Which type of psychologist would evaluate whether overcrowding in urban areas is associated with increased violent crimes?

Social desirability bias and volunteer bias are problems typically associated with which research method?

In the psychodynamic view, the _____ is an area of the mind that lies beyond the reach of ordinary consciousness.

Which of the following statements would be made by a humanist?

______ was the first African American to receive a doctorate in psychology in the United States, and ______ was the first African American to publish research findings in a major journal.

A humanist would give which explanation for aggression?

Dr. Spires talks with some students before psychology class begins. Spires says, "I believe that mental experience is best understood as a whole, rather than in terms of its parts." Her students recognize that Spires describes which school of thought?

Which perspective in psychology would suggest that depression is related to changes in brain chemistry?

Which of the following does NOT belong?

Christine Ladd-Franklin is credited as being

Biological Foundations of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking Language and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development

Psychology and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Filters

The major proponent of behaviorism for much of the 20^th century was

was the first African American to receive a doctorate in psychology in the United States, and was the first African American to publish research findings in a major journal.