Question 1

What makes psychology a scientific discipline?

Accepted Answer

A) Its discounting of tradition and folklore. 
B) Its focus on testing theories, beliefs, and assumptions. 
C) Its emphasis on mental, as opposed to behavioral, processes. 
D) Its valuing of scholarly opinions over laboratory tests. 
E) Its reliance on popular opinion. 
A) Its discounting of tradition and folklore. 
B) Its focus on testing theories, beliefs, and assumptions. 
C) Its emphasis on mental, as opposed to behavioral, processes. 
D) Its valuing of scholarly opinions over laboratory tests. 
E) Its reliance on popular opinion.

Question 2

Wundt is to ______ as James is to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) structuralism; Gestalt 
B) structuralism; functionalism 
C) behaviorism; Gestalt 
D) behaviorism; functionalism 
E) functionalism; psychoanalysis 
A) structuralism; Gestalt 
B) structuralism; functionalism 
C) behaviorism; Gestalt 
D) behaviorism; functionalism 
E) functionalism; psychoanalysis

Question 3

Which of the following pioneers of psychology was a therapist?

Accepted Answer

A) Wundt 
B) Skinner 
C) James 
D) Watson 
E) Freud 
A) Wundt 
B) Skinner 
C) James 
D) Watson 
E) Freud

Question 4

As scientists, psychologists have confidence in theories that

Accepted Answer

A) have stood the test of time. 
B) reveal the true nature of human behavior. 
C) are tied to observable evidence. 
D) do not rely simply on observation. 
E) are accepted by the majority of leading scholars. 
A) have stood the test of time. 
B) reveal the true nature of human behavior. 
C) are tied to observable evidence. 
D) do not rely simply on observation. 
E) are accepted by the majority of leading scholars.

Question 5

Your professor stated that stress can lead to heart disease. She cited several medical studies to show that stress was linked to heart disease. Therefore, she said we should avoid all forms of stress in order to ensure living a long and healthy life. The professor needs to rethink advice based on which of the following features of critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

A) avoiding oversimplification 
B) considering alternative explanations 
C) confusing correlation with causation 
D) avoiding overgeneralization 
E) all of the above 
A) avoiding oversimplification 
B) considering alternative explanations 
C) confusing correlation with causation 
D) avoiding overgeneralization 
E) all of the above

Question 6

Evaluate the fundamentals of correlational research. Use examples.

Accepted Answer

Correlational research focuses on the na

Question 7

Every participant in an experiment has an equal chance of receiving one of the treatments. This is called

Accepted Answer

A) control assignment. 
B) random selection. 
C) a placebo effect. 
D) random assignment. 
E) control selection. 
A) control assignment. 
B) random selection. 
C) a placebo effect. 
D) random assignment. 
E) control selection.

Question 8

______ is a growing movement in psychology directed toward studies of human experience such as hope, happiness, and altruism.

Accepted Answer

A) Positive psychology 
B) Neo-behaviorism 
C) Eclecticism 
D) Evolutionary psychology 
E) Sociocultural psychology 
A) Positive psychology 
B) Neo-behaviorism 
C) Eclecticism 
D) Evolutionary psychology 
E) Sociocultural psychology

Question 9

The word 'psychology' comes from two Greek roots that mean

Accepted Answer

A) knowledge and mind. 
B) emotion and mind. 
C) emotion and spirit. 
D) mind and emotion 
E) knowledge and spirit. 
A) knowledge and mind. 
B) emotion and mind. 
C) emotion and spirit. 
D) mind and emotion 
E) knowledge and spirit.

Question 10

Dr. Kavanaugh has noticed that many of her students are having difficulties understanding the basic parts of a nerve cell (neuron)but don't seem to have the same problems understanding most of the different regions of the brain. Dr. Kavanaugh wonders if her lectures have some bearing on this situation, and has posed a question she intends to purse in her research - whether the ways in which information is presented affects student interest and memory of the material. If she is interested in pursuing this research question further, Dr. Kavanaugh's next step in the scientific method would be

Accepted Answer

A) to develop a research question. 
B) to form a hypothesis. 
C) to gather evidence. 
D) to manipulate the way she delivers lectures. 
E) to draw conclusions.
F)generating a research question. 
A) to develop a research question. 
B) to form a hypothesis. 
C) to gather evidence. 
D) to manipulate the way she delivers lectures. 
E) to draw conclusions.
F)generating a research question.

Question 11

Animal trainer Bob Jeffers uses rewards to teach his animals to perform circus tricks. Jeffers's techniques are based on principles from which school of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A) Behaviorism 
B) Structuralism 
C) Psychodynamic 
D) Functionalism 
E) Humanism 
A) Behaviorism 
B) Structuralism 
C) Psychodynamic 
D) Functionalism 
E) Humanism

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a concern regarding animal research?

Accepted Answer

A) justification of intended benefits of the research 
B) protection from unnecessary harm 
C) some advances in medical science depend on animal research 
D) informed consent 
E) approval from institutional review boards 
A) justification of intended benefits of the research 
B) protection from unnecessary harm 
C) some advances in medical science depend on animal research 
D) informed consent 
E) approval from institutional review boards

Question 13

Caroline Sherry is a counseling psychologist. Which of the following is she LEAST likely to see as a client?

Accepted Answer

A) Mr. Andrew has depression. 
B) Mr. and Mrs. Babette have marital problems. 
C) Ms. Conchetta, a college student, is confused about choosing a college major. 
D) Mr. Drew is a non-traditional student having difficulties adjusting to college after being unemployed. 
E) Ms. Evans and her teenage daughter have communication problems. 
A) Mr. Andrew has depression. 
B) Mr. and Mrs. Babette have marital problems. 
C) Ms. Conchetta, a college student, is confused about choosing a college major. 
D) Mr. Drew is a non-traditional student having difficulties adjusting to college after being unemployed. 
E) Ms. Evans and her teenage daughter have communication problems.

Question 14

The American Psychological Association was founded in which year?

Accepted Answer

A) 1875 
B) 1923 
C) 1909 
D) 1971 
E) 1892 
A) 1875 
B) 1923 
C) 1909 
D) 1971 
E) 1892

Question 15

Regarding the major contemporary perspectives in psychology, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The behavioral perspective focuses on observable actions and the influences of learning processes in behavior. 
B) The humanistic perspective emphasizes the importance of subjective conscious experience and personal responsibility and freedom. 
C) The physiological perspective examines how behavior and mental experience is shaped by biological processes and the workings of the brain and nervous system. 
D) The sociocultural perspective focuses on mental processes that allow us to gain knowledge about ourselves and the world. 
E) The psychodynamic perspective suggests that our psychology is shaped by unconscious motives and conflicts outside the range of ordinary awareness. 
A) The behavioral perspective focuses on observable actions and the influences of learning processes in behavior. 
B) The humanistic perspective emphasizes the importance of subjective conscious experience and personal responsibility and freedom. 
C) The physiological perspective examines how behavior and mental experience is shaped by biological processes and the workings of the brain and nervous system. 
D) The sociocultural perspective focuses on mental processes that allow us to gain knowledge about ourselves and the world. 
E) The psychodynamic perspective suggests that our psychology is shaped by unconscious motives and conflicts outside the range of ordinary awareness.

Question 16

Ethics review committees are typically composed of

Accepted Answer

A) laypersons only. 
B) professionals only. 
C) samples of research participants from the population under study. 
D) both professionals and samples of research participants. 
E) both professionals and laypersons. 
A) laypersons only. 
B) professionals only. 
C) samples of research participants from the population under study. 
D) both professionals and samples of research participants. 
E) both professionals and laypersons.

Question 17

The ethical code of psychologists is based on all but which of the following ideas?

Accepted Answer

A) People have a basic right to make their own decisions. 
B) Research participants or clients must not be harmed. 
C) People's dignity and welfare must be respected. 
D) People have a basic right to exercise choice. 
E) Determination of ultimate truth outweighs individual cost. 
A) People have a basic right to make their own decisions. 
B) Research participants or clients must not be harmed. 
C) People's dignity and welfare must be respected. 
D) People have a basic right to exercise choice. 
E) Determination of ultimate truth outweighs individual cost.

Question 18

Developmental psychologist Arthur Chang watches children in a daycare center through a one-way mirror. Chang is utilizing which form of research?

Accepted Answer

A) case study 
B) correlational 
C) survey 
D) experimentation 
E) naturalistic observation 
A) case study 
B) correlational 
C) survey 
D) experimentation 
E) naturalistic observation

What makes psychology a scientific discipline?

Wundt is to as James is to .

Which of the following pioneers of psychology was a therapist?

As scientists, psychologists have confidence in theories that

Evaluate the fundamentals of correlational research. Use examples.

Every participant in an experiment has an equal chance of receiving one of the treatments. This is called

______ is a growing movement in psychology directed toward studies of human experience such as hope, happiness, and altruism.

The word 'psychology' comes from two Greek roots that mean

Animal trainer Bob Jeffers uses rewards to teach his animals to perform circus tricks. Jeffers's techniques are based on principles from which school of psychology?

Which of the following is NOT a concern regarding animal research?

Caroline Sherry is a counseling psychologist. Which of the following is she LEAST likely to see as a client?

The American Psychological Association was founded in which year?

Regarding the major contemporary perspectives in psychology, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Ethics review committees are typically composed of

The ethical code of psychologists is based on all but which of the following ideas?

Developmental psychologist Arthur Chang watches children in a daycare center through a one-way mirror. Chang is utilizing which form of research?

Biological Foundations of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking Language and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development

Psychology and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

What makes psychology a scientific discipline?

Wundt is to ______ as James is to ______.

Which of the following pioneers of psychology was a therapist?

As scientists, psychologists have confidence in theories that

Evaluate the fundamentals of correlational research. Use examples.

Every participant in an experiment has an equal chance of receiving one of the treatments. This is called

______ is a growing movement in psychology directed toward studies of human experience such as hope, happiness, and altruism.

The word 'psychology' comes from two Greek roots that mean

Animal trainer Bob Jeffers uses rewards to teach his animals to perform circus tricks. Jeffers's techniques are based on principles from which school of psychology?

Which of the following is NOT a concern regarding animal research?

Caroline Sherry is a counseling psychologist. Which of the following is she LEAST likely to see as a client?

The American Psychological Association was founded in which year?

Regarding the major contemporary perspectives in psychology, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Ethics review committees are typically composed of

The ethical code of psychologists is based on all but which of the following ideas?

Developmental psychologist Arthur Chang watches children in a daycare center through a one-way mirror. Chang is utilizing which form of research?

Biological Foundations of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking Language and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Human Development

Psychology and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Methods of Therapy

Filters

Wundt is to as James is to .