Exam 11: Human Development

Which factor is least associated with increased risk of youth violence? ​

Little Tara is having lots of fun exploring her aunt's home while her mom and aunt are talking. She crawls into other rooms for brief periods and then makes her way back to her mom. Tara may climb into her mom's lap for a while, but it isn't long until she is off exploring some other room. Tara is exhibiting ____ ​

The term tabula rasa refers to Locke's belief that ____. ​

Harry is in college and is asked to imagine what the world would be like if humans had never invented the wheel. According to Piaget, if Harry is able to think abstractly about this problem, Harry is in the ____ stage of cognitive development. ​

Because Lawrence Kohlberg used an all-male sample in his research, Carol Gilligan rejected his findings that the "moral ideal" is based only on some abstract concept of justice. Gilligan's research findings suggest that the female view of morality is based on ____. ​

Susie and Ryan are playing house outside. Susie is pretending to bake cookies and clean the house, while Ryan is pretending to take care of the lawn and fix the car. Susie and Ryan's behaviors are examples of ____. ​

Ephraim is a bully on the third-grade playground. After he pushed little Gideon around, Gideon says to Ephraim, "Something must have happened to you as a baby that caused you to be such a jerk. Maybe you were dropped on your head." Ephraim replies, "Shut up, wimp! I was born to rule." Ephraim and Gideon are engaged in a debate that reflects the issue of ____. ​

Federico and Nate are debating on how to best study the cognitive activities of children. Federico subscribes to Piaget's approach, which focuses on sudden qualitative advances. Nate disagrees, contending that the information processing approach is superior, because it focuses on ____. ​

Which statement suggests a genetic basis for gender differences? ​

Kira is at the preconventional level of moral reasoning. What reason might she give for not stealing candy from Mr. Looper's corner store? ​

Shaina starts crying because she thinks that her brother has disappeared, when in fact he just put on his Halloween mask. Piaget would say that Shaina is in the ____ stage and has not yet achieved ____. ​

Tyra is pregnant. Her doctor tells her that at this stage of the baby's development, it can kick, can turn its head, can open its eyes, and already has taste buds. Tyra's baby is in the ____ stage of prenatal development. ​

Elliott's authoritarian parents have set a curfew of midnight for him on weekend nights. When Elliott comes home at 12:30 a.m. (after curfew)and explains that he is late because of car trouble, his parents most likely will ____. ​

Tosha is going to have a baby, but she smokes, takes cough syrup, and drinks wine with dinner each night. This behavior is very likely to endanger her baby's development, especially in the ____ stage. ​

Ronnie likes to play with his uncle Steve because his uncle always has new magic tricks. However, Ronnie has difficulty understanding how Steve can be his mother's brother as well as Uncle Steve. Ronnie's thinking is most characteristic of the ____ stage of cognitive development. ​

Which statement about recent research in developmental psychology is true? ​

Bridgett and Timothy are in their thirties and are interested in starting a family because they want children to carry on the traditions and ideals of their families after they are no longer alive. According to Erikson, Bridgett and Timothy may be dealing with the crisis of ____. ​

Andrea has a box of crayons. If Andrea is in the preoperational stage described by Piaget, which action is she most likely to take with the crayons? ​

Two and a half-year-old Emma asks her mother if she can wear her pink princess outfit and eat licorice for lunch, but her mother refuses, insisting that Emma wear and eat what her mom considers more appropriate. According to Erikson, Emma is experiencing the crisis of ____. ​

Maria's cognitive development seems to be slower than the rest of her classmates'. Many things in her environment might be impairing her cognitive development. Which factor has not been shown to impair cognitive development? ​