Question 1

Procedural protections that are part of due process include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) right to appeal. 
B) right to the statement of findings. 
C) right to restart proceedings. 
D) right to a neutral hearing body. 
A) right to appeal. 
B) right to the statement of findings. 
C) right to restart proceedings. 
D) right to a neutral hearing body. C

Question 2

Describe the theories of distributive justice and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Theories of distributive justice are concerned with how resources and goods should be distributed in a society. There are several theories that address this issue, including egalitarianism, libertarianism, and utilitarianism.

Egalitarianism is the belief that resources and goods should be distributed equally among all members of society. An example of this theory in practice would be a tax system that heavily taxes the wealthy in order to provide social welfare programs for the less fortunate.

Libertarianism, on the other hand, argues that individuals have the right to keep what they earn and that any form of redistribution is unjust. An example of this theory in practice would be a society with minimal government intervention and a focus on individual responsibility for one's own well-being.

Utilitarianism suggests that resources and goods should be distributed in a way that maximizes overall happiness or well-being. An example of this theory in practice would be a government policy that prioritizes the allocation of resources to areas with the greatest need, in order to maximize the overall welfare of the population.

These theories of distributive justice provide different perspectives on how resources should be distributed in society, and each has its own implications for social and economic policies.

Question 3

Sam has been convicted of burglary, theft, possession of drug paraphernalia, and destruction of private property. This was the result of an incident where he broke into the Jones' home, causing damage to the sliding door in the process. He stole approximately $500 worth of items, and was caught trying to sell a stolen DVD player at a pawn shop. He explained that he was a heroin addict and was stealing in order to be able to buy drugs.
Assume that the judge sentenced Sam to a straight jail term. She believes simply that Sam has caused harm and should be punished for it. This sentence is consistent with the idea of:

Accepted Answer

A) restorative justice. 
B) retributive justice. 
C) deterrence. 
D) ethics of care. 
A) restorative justice. 
B) retributive justice. 
C) deterrence. 
D) ethics of care. B

Question 4

Sam has been convicted of burglary, theft, possession of drug paraphernalia, and destruction of private property. This was the result of an incident where he broke into the Jones' home, causing damage to the sliding door in the process. He stole approximately $500 worth of items, and was caught trying to sell a stolen DVD player at a pawn shop. He explained that he was a heroin addict and was stealing in order to be able to buy drugs.
Assume that Sam was given a sentence that included probation with the condition of drug treatment. The judge is of the opinion that if Sam can break his addiction, then he will not need to return to crime. If the judge's intention is to help Sam, we could say her decision is based on the ethics of care. If her purpose was to rehabilitate Sam so that the community would benefit by removing his need to commit crimes, this would be consistent with the idea of:

Accepted Answer

A) ethics of care. 
B) retributive justice. 
C) deterrence. 
D) utilitarianism. 
A) ethics of care. 
B) retributive justice. 
C) deterrence. 
D) utilitarianism.

Question 5

Sam has been convicted of burglary, theft, possession of drug paraphernalia, and destruction of private property. This was the result of an incident where he broke into the Jones' home, causing damage to the sliding door in the process. He stole approximately $500 worth of items, and was caught trying to sell a stolen DVD player at a pawn shop. He explained that he was a heroin addict and was stealing in order to be able to buy drugs.
Assume that Sam accepted the judge's offer to enter into a mediation process, where he and the family he stole from arrived at a mutual solution. As a result, Sam will provide $500 worth of yard work and is responsible for getting the door repaired. This sentence is consistent with the idea of:

Accepted Answer

A) restorative justice. 
B) retributive justice. 
C) deterrence. 
D) ethics of care. 
A) restorative justice. 
B) retributive justice. 
C) deterrence. 
D) ethics of care.

Question 6

Substantive justice involves the determination of just deserts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to Beccaria's and Bentham's utilitarian rationale, punishment should be based on:

Accepted Answer

A) the character of the victim 
B) the concept of mercy 
C) the seriousness of the crime 
D) the social status of the perpetrator 
A) the character of the victim 
B) the concept of mercy 
C) the seriousness of the crime 
D) the social status of the perpetrator

Question 8

Which of the following is not an aspect of Rawls's theory of justice?

Accepted Answer

A) utilitarian principles 
B) concern for rights 
C) freedom from government interference 
D) concern for the least advantaged members of society 
A) utilitarian principles 
B) concern for rights 
C) freedom from government interference 
D) concern for the least advantaged members of society

Question 9

Some actions might be considered "good" but are not demanded by justice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In a utilitarian system, the purpose of punishment is to ________ future crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a utilitarian system, the purpose of...

Question 11

Mary owns her own consulting business. Among her employees are:
Sue - the receptionist and a single mother of three
Joe - the web designer and marketing manager, single, has an MBA
Alan - a married salesman who makes few sales and cares for an elderly parent
Carla - an unmarried salesperson who makes the majority of the company's sales
Assume that Mary believes in distributive justice based on "desert." Which of the following would you expect?

Accepted Answer

A) Carla would be the highest-paid employee because of the business she brings in. 
B) Alan and Sue would be paid more than their work seems to deserve , due to their family needs. 
C) Mary would divide the company's profits equally among all employees. 
D) Mary would expect the government to tell her how to pay the employees. 
A) Carla would be the highest-paid employee because of the business she brings in. 
B) Alan and Sue would be paid more than their work seems to deserve , due to their family needs. 
C) Mary would divide the company's profits equally among all employees. 
D) Mary would expect the government to tell her how to pay the employees.

Question 12

Key elements of community justice models include all of  the following except which?

Accepted Answer

A) The process of justice employs local leadership, is informal, and invites participation from community members. 
B) The goal is to repair the harm done to a community member by another community member in a way that will restore the health of the community relationship. 
C) The authority of the justice giver is through the customs and traditions accepted by all members. 
D) The punishment imposed by the community should be of equal or greater severity than the crime itself. 
A) The process of justice employs local leadership, is informal, and invites participation from community members. 
B) The goal is to repair the harm done to a community member by another community member in a way that will restore the health of the community relationship. 
C) The authority of the justice giver is through the customs and traditions accepted by all members. 
D) The punishment imposed by the community should be of equal or greater severity than the crime itself.

Question 13

The idea that government should maintain order but the community should establish peace is a characteristic of which concept?

Accepted Answer

A) utilitarianism 
B) restorative justice 
C) egalitarian philosophy 
D) Marxist philosophy 
A) utilitarianism 
B) restorative justice 
C) egalitarian philosophy 
D) Marxist philosophy

Question 14

justice is concerned with punishing someone who causes harm or breaks the rules.

Accepted Answer

The answer of justice is concerned with punishing someone who...

Question 15

Under the retributive system, the reason we punish is for the greater good of society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which type of justice is concerned with the allocation of society's resources?

Accepted Answer

A) distributive justice 
B) commutative justice 
C) exemplary justice 
D) corrective justice 
A) distributive justice 
B) commutative justice 
C) exemplary justice 
D) corrective justice

Question 17

____________ justice is concerned with ensuring the best possible outcome for society at large.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________ justice is concerned with ensuring the...

Question 18

Community justice is similar to restorative justice, but with more emphasis on _________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Community justice is similar to restorative justice,...

Question 19

Procedural justice is important because it always leads to substantive justice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Mary owns her own consulting business. Among her employees are:
Sue - the receptionist and a single mother of three
Joe - the web designer and marketing manager, single, has an MBA
Alan - a married salesman who makes few sales and cares for an elderly parent
Carla - an unmarried salesperson who makes the majority of the company's sales
Assume that Mary agrees with Marxist theories. Which of the following would you expect?

Accepted Answer

A) Carla would be the highest-paid employee because of the business she brings in. 
B) Alan and Sue would be paid more than their work seems to deserve , due to their family needs. 
C) Mary would divide the company's profits equally among all employees. 
D) Mary would expect the government to tell her how to pay the employees. 
A) Carla would be the highest-paid employee because of the business she brings in. 
B) Alan and Sue would be paid more than their work seems to deserve , due to their family needs. 
C) Mary would divide the company's profits equally among all employees. 
D) Mary would expect the government to tell her how to pay the employees.

Procedural protections that are part of due process include all of the following except:

Describe the theories of distributive justice and provide an example of each.

Substantive justice involves the determination of just deserts.

According to Beccaria's and Bentham's utilitarian rationale, punishment should be based on:

Which of the following is not an aspect of Rawls's theory of justice?

Some actions might be considered "good" but are not demanded by justice.

In a utilitarian system, the purpose of punishment is to ________ future crime.

Key elements of community justice models include all of the following except which?

The idea that government should maintain order but the community should establish peace is a characteristic of which concept?

justice is concerned with punishing someone who causes harm or breaks the rules.

Under the retributive system, the reason we punish is for the greater good of society.

Which type of justice is concerned with the allocation of society's resources?

____________ justice is concerned with ensuring the best possible outcome for society at large.

Community justice is similar to restorative justice, but with more emphasis on _________ .

Procedural justice is important because it always leads to substantive justice.

Morality, Ethics, and Human Behavior

Determining Moral Behavior

Becoming an Ethical Professional

The Police Role in Society: Crime Fighter or Public Servant

Police Discretion and Dilemmas

Police Corruption and Misconduct

Law and Legal Professionals

Discretion and Dilemmas in the Legal Profession

Ethical Misconduct in the Courts and Responses

The Ethics of Punishment and Corrections

Discretion and Dilemmas in Corrections

Correctional Professionals: Misconduct and Responses

Making Ethical Choices

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Exam 3: Justice and Law

Procedural protections that are part of due process include all of the following except:

Describe the theories of distributive justice and provide an example of each.

Substantive justice involves the determination of just deserts.

According to Beccaria's and Bentham's utilitarian rationale, punishment should be based on:

Which of the following is not an aspect of Rawls's theory of justice?

Some actions might be considered "good" but are not demanded by justice.

In a utilitarian system, the purpose of punishment is to ________ future crime.

Key elements of community justice models include all of the following except which?

The idea that government should maintain order but the community should establish peace is a characteristic of which concept?

justice is concerned with punishing someone who causes harm or breaks the rules.

Under the retributive system, the reason we punish is for the greater good of society.

Which type of justice is concerned with the allocation of society's resources?

____________ justice is concerned with ensuring the best possible outcome for society at large.

Community justice is similar to restorative justice, but with more emphasis on _________ .

Procedural justice is important because it always leads to substantive justice.

Morality, Ethics, and Human Behavior

Determining Moral Behavior

Becoming an Ethical Professional

The Police Role in Society: Crime Fighter or Public Servant

Police Discretion and Dilemmas

Police Corruption and Misconduct

Law and Legal Professionals

Discretion and Dilemmas in the Legal Profession

Ethical Misconduct in the Courts and Responses

The Ethics of Punishment and Corrections

Discretion and Dilemmas in Corrections

Correctional Professionals: Misconduct and Responses

Making Ethical Choices

Filters