Exam 8: Stops and Frisks

A(n)______________ is the combination of an officer's words and actions that would convey to a reasonable person that his or her freedom of movement is being restricted such that the person is not free to leave.

The United State Supreme Court has ruled that an officer may rely on their own experience and specialized training to establish reasonable suspicion that might not be available to an untrained person.

A limited search of a person is best described as a(n)

The USA Patriot Act has broadened the government's power to detain individuals within the United States for long periods of time on apparently nothing more than reasonable suspicion once such persons have been classified by the U.S.government as an enemy combatant.

A law enforcement officer may detain property for a brief time if the officer has a ________________________ that the property contains items subject to seizure.

What is the difference between a frisk and a full search?

Name some of the justifications given by the courts as to when a law enforcement officer can frisk a person.

A body of international law collectively referred to as the ____________ has developed over the centuries to set rules for the treatment of prisoners of war captured on the battlefield in war time.

An investigative detention may last as long as the officer feels necessary.

Before conducting a frisk,an officer must believe which of the following to be true?

A suspect brakes abruptly and pulls into a private driveway while extinguishing his headlights before getting to a sobriety road check in order to avoid being questioned by the police.These acts would best be described as _______ gestures.

An officer who observes a blown taillight,cracked windshield,or failure to signal when changing lanes may stop a vehicle even if a hypothetical "reasonable officer" would not have been motivated by a desire to enforce the traffic laws.

A person has been seized within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment if in view of all of the circumstances surrounding the incident,a reasonable person would have

Stop and frisk procedures are serious intrusions into a person's privacy and are governed by the _________ Amendment.

Many states and the federal government have rules prohibiting _________ by law enforcement officers.Many states require law enforcement agencies to collect statistical data on the race and ethnicity of persons pulled over for traffic stops.

A police officer who detains a person must have _____________ supported by articulable facts that criminal activity may be afoot.

What is meant by a show of authority?

The police may conduct a checkpoint for general law enforcement purposes.

United States v.Seelye listed six factors and circumstances to be considered in determining the amount and kind of force that is reasonable and consistent with an investigative stop.Which of the following is NOT one of those factors?

When a court must consider whether a particular seizure or frisk is reasonable or unreasonable,the court considers the inquiry from the standpoint of: