Question 1

The experience of learned helplessness is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) more likely to occur for an entity theorist than an incremental theorist 
B) more likely to occur for an incremental theorist than an entity theorist 
C) pleasant for an entity theorist, but unpleasant for an incremental theorist 
D) unpleasant for an entity theorist, but pleasant for an incremental theorist 
A) more likely to occur for an entity theorist than an incremental theorist 
B) more likely to occur for an incremental theorist than an entity theorist 
C) pleasant for an entity theorist, but unpleasant for an incremental theorist 
D) unpleasant for an entity theorist, but pleasant for an incremental theorist A

Question 2

The human capacity for ____ offers the best explanation as to why humans kill themselves but nonhuman animals do not kill themselves.

Accepted Answer

A) panic 
B) self-awareness 
C) delay of gratification 
A) panic 
B) self-awareness 
C) delay of gratification B

Question 3

Both reactance theory and self-determination suggest that a sense of ________________ is important to people, and that they will strive to achieve it.

Accepted Answer

freedom autonomy

Question 4

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) no items (most people do not have well-formulated goals at any given time) 
B) one to two items 
C) roughly four to seven items 
D) about 15 items 
A) no items (most people do not have well-formulated goals at any given time) 
B) one to two items 
C) roughly four to seven items 
D) about 15 items

Question 5

People would make better decisions if they would focus more on the quantitative aspects than the qualitative aspects of the decision.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Even though she is not in desperate need of boots, Ellen says that she would rather buy a pair of boots today (for $200)rather than wait two weeks, when they will be on sale for half the price. Ellen's decision most likely involves ____.

Accepted Answer

A) temporal discounting 
B) risk aversion 
C) the status quo bias 
D) the omission bias 
A) temporal discounting 
B) risk aversion 
C) the status quo bias 
D) the omission bias

Question 7

Suppose that Sergej has just asked Georgia whether she would like to study with him for an upcoming English exam. Georgia is struggling in the class, and she knows that Sergej is an excellent English student, so she enthusiastically agrees and says that she is excited to study with him. According to error management theory, it is likely that Sergej will view Georgia's enthusiasm as a sign that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) she has a crush on him 
B) she values his intelligence 
C) she is using him 
D) she is probably being insincere 
A) she has a crush on him 
B) she values his intelligence 
C) she is using him 
D) she is probably being insincere

Question 8

Suppose that you went out on two dates with someone from one of your classes. You were not crazy about the person, but you did not dislike the person either. You thought that you would just wait and see how things turned out. Surprisingly, however, the person sent you an e-mail after your second date and wrote: "I just don't think we have good chemistry, but it was nice meeting you! Sayonara!" All of a sudden, the person becomes much more attractive to you. You wonder what you did wrong, and you strategize about how to get another chance. You are most likely experiencing ____.

Accepted Answer

A) temporal discounting 
B) reactance 
C) the reciprocity bias 
D) the omission bias 
A) temporal discounting 
B) reactance 
C) the reciprocity bias 
D) the omission bias

Question 9

MOST people show a tendency ____ when making decisions that require tradeoffs.

Accepted Answer

A) to give more weight to possible losses than to possible gains 
B) to give more weight to possible gains than to possible losses 
C) to give more weight to possible losses than to certain gains 
D) to give more weight to probable outcomes rather than certain outcomes 
A) to give more weight to possible losses than to possible gains 
B) to give more weight to possible gains than to possible losses 
C) to give more weight to possible losses than to certain gains 
D) to give more weight to probable outcomes rather than certain outcomes

Question 10

Research suggests that goals are MOST helpful in facilitating achievement when they are ____.

Accepted Answer

A) specific and somewhat difficult to achieve 
B) specific and very easy to achieve 
C) broad and somewhat difficult to achieve 
D) broad and very easy to achieve 
A) specific and somewhat difficult to achieve 
B) specific and very easy to achieve 
C) broad and somewhat difficult to achieve 
D) broad and very easy to achieve

Question 11

Self-regulation involves monitoring your behavior, ____, and adjusting your behavior accordingly.

Accepted Answer

A) reading the current social environment and its norms 
B) comparing the behavior against standards 
C) comparing the behavior against past behavior 
D) monitoring other people's behavior 
A) reading the current social environment and its norms 
B) comparing the behavior against standards 
C) comparing the behavior against past behavior 
D) monitoring other people's behavior

Question 12

What are the common mistakes people make when planning to achieve their goals and what psychological processes promote them?

Accepted Answer

a.People tend to be overly optimistic wh

Question 13

As described in the text, the standards against which people compare themselves ____ supplied by culture and ____.

Accepted Answer

A) can be (but are not always); can dictate both negatives and positives (what not to do as well as what to do) 
B) can be (but are not always); only dictate positives (what to do) 
C) are always; can dictate both negatives and positives (what not to do as well as what to do) 
D) are always; only dictate positives (what to do) 
A) can be (but are not always); can dictate both negatives and positives (what not to do as well as what to do) 
B) can be (but are not always); only dictate positives (what to do) 
C) are always; can dictate both negatives and positives (what not to do as well as what to do) 
D) are always; only dictate positives (what to do)

Question 14

The tendency for people to place greater weight on the present over the future in decision-making is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the certainty effect 
B) temporal discounting 
C) reactance 
D) the now-or-never effect 
A) the certainty effect 
B) temporal discounting 
C) reactance 
D) the now-or-never effect

Question 15

Effective self-regulation involves ____.

Accepted Answer

A) an awareness of needs, the ability to monitor oneself, and a strict adherence to rules regardless of circumstances 
B) an awareness of standards, the ability to control the external environment, and the capacity for change 
C) an awareness of needs, the ability to control the external environment, and a strict adherence to rules regardless of circumstances 
D) an awareness of standards, the ability to monitor oneself, and the capacity for change 
A) an awareness of needs, the ability to monitor oneself, and a strict adherence to rules regardless of circumstances 
B) an awareness of standards, the ability to control the external environment, and the capacity for change 
C) an awareness of needs, the ability to control the external environment, and a strict adherence to rules regardless of circumstances 
D) an awareness of standards, the ability to monitor oneself, and the capacity for change

Question 16

Research indicates that people who believe that they are acting autonomously, based on intrinsic motivations, are ____ compared people who believe that their behavior is guided by external forces and extrinsic motivations.

Accepted Answer

A) happier and often perform better 
B) happier but often perform worse 
C) no happier but often perform better 
D) no happier and no more (or less)likely to perform well 
A) happier and often perform better 
B) happier but often perform worse 
C) no happier but often perform better 
D) no happier and no more (or less)likely to perform well

Question 17

Research on decision-making indicates that people tend to place more weight on possible gains than on possible losses when considering the pros and cons of a particular choice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

According to the textbook, the two main drawbacks of plans are that ____ and ____.

Accepted Answer

A) they can be discouraging if they are too rigid and detailed; they tend to be overly optimistic 
B) they can be discouraging if they are too rigid and detailed; they tend to be anxiety-provoking 
C) they tend to distract people from actually completing the tasks at hand; they tend to be overly optimistic 
D) they tend to distract people from actually completing the tasks at hand; they often fail to prioritize the most important things 
A) they can be discouraging if they are too rigid and detailed; they tend to be overly optimistic 
B) they can be discouraging if they are too rigid and detailed; they tend to be anxiety-provoking 
C) they tend to distract people from actually completing the tasks at hand; they tend to be overly optimistic 
D) they tend to distract people from actually completing the tasks at hand; they often fail to prioritize the most important things

Question 19

Suicide rates tend to be higher ____.

Accepted Answer

A) among poor people (in general)than rich people (in general) 
B) among rich people (in general)than poor people (in general) 
C) among rich people who have recently become poor than among poor people who have recently become rich 
D) among poor people who have recently become rich than among rich people who have recently become poor 
A) among poor people (in general)than rich people (in general) 
B) among rich people (in general)than poor people (in general) 
C) among rich people who have recently become poor than among poor people who have recently become rich 
D) among poor people who have recently become rich than among rich people who have recently become poor

Question 20

According to the text, why is it usually a doomed idea to try to diet when you are under stress?

Accepted Answer

A) Because dieting tends to temporarily deplete cognitive resources, which are needed for successfully coping with stressors 
B) Because cortisol, the hormone released during times of stress, affects metabolism in such a way that it is almost impossible to diet successfully 
C) Because people's capacity for willpower is limited, and can be depleted by attending to stressors (such that little willpower is left for dieting) 
D) Because people require a greater caloric intake than usual in order to successfully cope with stressors 
A) Because dieting tends to temporarily deplete cognitive resources, which are needed for successfully coping with stressors 
B) Because cortisol, the hormone released during times of stress, affects metabolism in such a way that it is almost impossible to diet successfully 
C) Because people's capacity for willpower is limited, and can be depleted by attending to stressors (such that little willpower is left for dieting) 
D) Because people require a greater caloric intake than usual in order to successfully cope with stressors

The experience of learned helplessness is ____.

The human capacity for ____ offers the best explanation as to why humans kill themselves but nonhuman animals do not kill themselves.

Both reactance theory and self-determination suggest that a sense of ________________ is important to people, and that they will strive to achieve it.

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that ____.

People would make better decisions if they would focus more on the quantitative aspects than the qualitative aspects of the decision.

Even though she is not in desperate need of boots, Ellen says that she would rather buy a pair of boots today (for $200)rather than wait two weeks, when they will be on sale for half the price. Ellen's decision most likely involves ____.

MOST people show a tendency ____ when making decisions that require tradeoffs.

Research suggests that goals are MOST helpful in facilitating achievement when they are ____.

Self-regulation involves monitoring your behavior, ____, and adjusting your behavior accordingly.

What are the common mistakes people make when planning to achieve their goals and what psychological processes promote them?

As described in the text, the standards against which people compare themselves supplied by culture and .

The tendency for people to place greater weight on the present over the future in decision-making is known as ____.

Effective self-regulation involves ____.

Research indicates that people who believe that they are acting autonomously, based on intrinsic motivations, are ____ compared people who believe that their behavior is guided by external forces and extrinsic motivations.

Research on decision-making indicates that people tend to place more weight on possible gains than on possible losses when considering the pros and cons of a particular choice.

According to the textbook, the two main drawbacks of plans are that and .

Suicide rates tend to be higher ____.

According to the text, why is it usually a doomed idea to try to diet when you are under stress?

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The Self

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Prosocial Behavior: Doing Whats Best for Others

Aggression and Antisocial Behavior

Attraction and Exclusion

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy, and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Application Module A: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior

Filters

Exam 4: Behavior Control: the Self in Action

The experience of learned helplessness is ____.

The human capacity for ____ offers the best explanation as to why humans kill themselves but nonhuman animals do not kill themselves.

Both reactance theory and self-determination suggest that a sense of ________________ is important to people, and that they will strive to achieve it.

Research on positive illusions and goal-setting indicates that ____.

People would make better decisions if they would focus more on the quantitative aspects than the qualitative aspects of the decision.

Even though she is not in desperate need of boots, Ellen says that she would rather buy a pair of boots today (for $200)rather than wait two weeks, when they will be on sale for half the price. Ellen's decision most likely involves ____.

MOST people show a tendency ____ when making decisions that require tradeoffs.

Research suggests that goals are MOST helpful in facilitating achievement when they are ____.

Self-regulation involves monitoring your behavior, ____, and adjusting your behavior accordingly.

What are the common mistakes people make when planning to achieve their goals and what psychological processes promote them?

As described in the text, the standards against which people compare themselves ____ supplied by culture and ____.

The tendency for people to place greater weight on the present over the future in decision-making is known as ____.

Effective self-regulation involves ____.

Research indicates that people who believe that they are acting autonomously, based on intrinsic motivations, are ____ compared people who believe that their behavior is guided by external forces and extrinsic motivations.

Research on decision-making indicates that people tend to place more weight on possible gains than on possible losses when considering the pros and cons of a particular choice.

According to the textbook, the two main drawbacks of plans are that ____ and ____.

Suicide rates tend to be higher ____.

According to the text, why is it usually a doomed idea to try to diet when you are under stress?

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The Self

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Prosocial Behavior: Doing Whats Best for Others

Aggression and Antisocial Behavior

Attraction and Exclusion

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy, and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Application Module A: Applying Social Psychology to Consumer Behavior

Filters

As described in the text, the standards against which people compare themselves supplied by culture and .

According to the textbook, the two main drawbacks of plans are that and .