Exam 7: Attitudes, Beliefs, and Consistency

Because attitudes are easier to change than behavior, people generally follow the path of ________________ and change their attitudes rather than their behavior.

As defined in the text, dual attitudes consist of ____.

In distinguishing between beliefs and attitudes, it is useful to recognize that beliefs help people ____ while attitudes help people ____.

Beth and Jean are talking about welfare reform in America. Beth is very passionate about the issue, and makes strong statements about her views. Jean later e-mails Beth an article which contains some information that is consistent with Beth's views, as well as some information that is inconsistent with Beth's views. Beth chooses to believe the consistent information but discounts the inconsistent information. As a matter of fact, after reading the article and thinking about the data it contained-even though these data were mixed-Beth actually feels even more passionate and more strongly about her position. This is an example of ____.

Your text proposes that religious belief

Research indicates that people will sometimes choose to suffer as a result of simply expecting to suffer-but only if ____.

Attitude accessibility refers to ____.

Research on racism has indicated that ____.

Research indicates that Facebook users tend to be ____ than nonusers.

According to the principles of ____ people are relatively likely to repeat behaviors that have been rewarded and relatively unlikely to repeat behaviors that have been punished.

According to cognitive dissonance theory, if Selena has just volunteered to give a presentation to her classmates about the importance of practicing safe sex at all times, then-at least in the immediate future-what best describes her likely behavior?

Explain the conditions under which the mere exposure effect holds true.

Another term for "social learning" is "instrumental learning."

When advertisers need to help sell a low-quality product, they often make ads that use loud music and distracting images (as opposed to ads that explicitly and straightforwardly discuss the features of the product). This is probably a good strategy because it is likely to foster ____ processing of the ad's claims, and in turn to ____.

George is supposed to give a presentation in his History class on Thursday, and has been dreading it intensely all month (his knowledge of the topic is shaky, and so is his presentation style). On Wednesday, the day before the presentation is scheduled, George's teacher, Ms. Torres, tells him that he can present the following week if he likes. Instead of taking Ms. Torres up on this offer, however, George says that he will go ahead and present the next day. Why?

Last summer, Fabia applied for three jobs. The first required a resume, but nothing else. The second required both a resume and a long personal statement. The third required a resume and indicated that a long personal statement was optional (recommended but not required; Fabia went ahead and wrote one anyway). Suppose that Fabia was turned down by all three jobs. Which rejection was she probably MOST upset about?

Much research suggests that people's attitudes are not predictive of their behaviors. However, in some cases, people's attitudes ARE highly predictive of their behaviors. Identify at least three factors that increase attitude-behavior consistency.

In Aldous Huxley's book Brave New World , infants develop a fear of books after books are repeatedly presented with a scary loud noise. In this fictional example, the loud noise is a(n)____.

Which one of the following statements best describes cognitive dissonance theory?

In general, attitudes are used for ____.