Exam 13: Juvenile Justice in the Twenty First Century

Which development in law provided juveniles with a guardian in the form of government?

A(n) __________ waiver is used when the offense has been automatically waived to the adult court but the judge uses their discretion to decide whether the youth will benefit from rehabilitation.

Which of the following is not an example of a status offense?

The only youths detained in adult jails are those who have committed serious offenses.

Joquine is 16 years old and has two prior arrests on his record. He has a history of drug abuse and has been in and out of counseling and diversion programs since he was 14. He has a stable home life, involved parents, attends school, and seems to be well engaged in community activities when he is not hanging out with a couple of the neighborhood troublemaker kids. Joquine just committed a crime at school and the police have been called. A prosecutor has decided to charge Joquine for assault with a dangerous weapon. He was coerced by his friends into bringing a hammer to school and attacking someone with it. They warned him not to snitch. He will be detained in a secure facility pending his trial. While awaiting his adjudication, Joquine goes to school and enrolls in a counseling program for anger management and peer influences. When will he learn his disposition?

Explain the four methods used by states to try juveniles as adults in the criminal courts.

Before trial, prosecutors in the juvenile courts may attempt to negotiate a settlement to the case. This is called ________________in the juvenile system.

In the 1960s and 1970s, the US Supreme Court radically altered the juvenile justice system when it issued a series of decisions that established the right of juveniles to due process of law.

About how many juvenile cases are processed and treated annually?

_______ is the most commonly used formal sentence for juvenile offenders.

The ___________ takes place after a formal hearing when a juvenile court judge decides to waive jurisdiction and transfer the case to criminal court.

What impact did the Supreme Court have on the juvenile justice system in the 1960s and 1970s?

Charles Loring Brace was the philanthropist who developed the Children's Aid Society.

Juveniles do not enjoy the same protection against double jeopardy as do adults.

Violation of curfew, truancy, smoking, and underage drinking are all examples of _______.

The child savers movement was made up of middle-class civic leaders who developed organizations and groups for poor children.

The juvenile justice system developed as a result of:

Acts such as truancy and running away from home are considered status offenses.

Joquine is 16 years old and has two prior arrests on his record. He has a history of drug abuse and has been in and out of counseling and diversion programs since he was 14. He has a stable home life, involved parents, attends school, and seems to be well engaged in community activities when he is not hanging out with a couple of the neighborhood troublemaker kids. Joquine just committed a crime at school and the police have been called. A prosecutor has decided to charge Joquine for assault with a dangerous weapon. He was coerced by his friends into bringing a hammer to school and attacking someone with it. They warned him not to snitch. He will be detained in a secure facility pending his trial. What was likely one of the main reasons they kept Joquine in custody this time?

Juvenile custody rates are nearly ____ times greater for African-American youths than for white youths.