Exam 7: Thought, Language, and Intelligence

Think of a farmer. The farmer gets up early every morning, throws huge bales of hay around to feed the livestock, puts shoes on horses, and drives a tractor. If you automatically picture a man instead of a woman, you may have fallen victim to the

In the year 2525, people are separated into groups. A standardized "Group A" IQ test has been developed, and results indicate that as a group, Group A people have an average IQ score that is 25 points higher than the Group B people. Which of the following statements is an incorrect conclusion?

Wilhelm is being raised in a bilingual environment, learning to speak both German and French before the end of the critical period. Assuming Wilhelm has equally mastered both languages, what you would most likely discover when Wilhelm is in junior high?

During an interview, Sherlock Holmes confesses that his detective skills were based largely on principles of deduction, algorithms, and logic. In other words, Holmes relies primarily on __________ to solve his cases.

When evaluating psychological research, it is important to scrutinize whether the collected data support or refute the original hypothesis. Which of the following errors is an experimenter most likely to make?

Luis is on the jury for a highly publicized murder case. After hearing the prosecution's evidence, he has decided that the defendant is guilty. The defense provides several witnesses that place the defendant at a party during the time of the murder. However, Luis ignores this evidence and continues to believe that the defendant is guilty. Which of the following obstacles to problem solving is operating?

Larry has written a computer program that monitors and makes decisions about the relative amounts of chemicals to use in the process of creating a high-quality plastic material. His program simulates the decisions experts would make if they could monitor the production of the material during every second of the process. These sorts of technological advances are part of

Gayatri's friends tell her that she is very creative. She wonders if this is a reflection of her IQ. What would you tell Gayatri?

Matthew recently obtained a research assistantship with a psychologist who studies giftedness. After an orientation session, the psychologist explained that his findings, much like those found in your textbook, reveal that high IQ guarantees

Your friend says, "Tell me everything you know about Australia." You respond, "Beaches. Kangaroos. Shrimp on the barbie. Crocodile Dundee. Ayers Rock. Aborigines. Sydney Opera House. Weird football." This knowledge is part of your __________ for Australia.

Blake needs new batteries and decides to buy a package of Energizer batteries. His friend asks him why he selected Energizer, and Blake replies, "Because I constantly see those commercials with the rabbit." Blake is using the __________ heuristic.

Sumon is in the first stages of learning to speak. Both personal experience and genetic predisposition will interact to help him identify the basic dimensions of language. This idea supports the existence of

Ebony took the Aptitude to Succeed in College (ASC)test when she was a high school senior and scored very low. She went to college anyway and graduated with an A average. For kicks, she took the ASC again during her senior year in college. Again, she scored very low on it. The ASC has good statistical __________ but poor statistical __________.

Unicorns have an average IQ score that is 10 points higher than centaurs. Given this information, what is the most accurate statement about the intelligence of a particular unicorn and a particular centaur?

When he puts together a jigsaw puzzle, Marvin has a very specific strategy. First he finds corner pieces, then he finds edge pieces, and then he constructs the exterior frame of the puzzle. From there, he puts pieces of similar colors into piles, and tries different combinations. Marvin's puzzle-construction approach is an example of ________.

While taking the SAT exam, Ceth must determine the age order of four siblings based on the clues given in the question. Ceth uses statements about the siblings to create a formula for arriving at the correct birth order. Ceth is using __________ to solve this problem.

Witnesses to the sniper attacks in Maryland and Virginia described seeing a white work van in the vicinity of the incidents. As a result of this, dozens of reports of suspicious white vans were received, even though the vans were behaving in perfectly normal way. Because the snipers actually drove a dark sedan, they were able to continue their terrible deeds longer. The people trying to solve the crime were operating under

While moving into a new apartment, Titus needed to hold the door open with something heavy. It suddenly dawned on him that he could use his huge potted tree as a doorstop. Titus solved this problem by overcoming

The theorist responsible for proposing that human beings are born with built-in grammar that allows us an innate ability to develop language skill was

According to the textbook, it is difficult to define intelligence because