Question 1

The three major depositional environments are ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

continental, transitional, marine,
continental, marine, transitional,
transitional, continental, marine,
transitional, marine, continental,
marine, continental, transitional,
marine, transitional, continental

Question 2

Compare and contrast the various types of depositional environments in which evaporite deposits form. How do these deposits differ?

Accepted Answer

Evaporite deposits may be formed in playa lakes and saline lakes in desert areas. However, these deposits generally are relatively thin and small in areal extent. In contrast, silled (barred) marine basins (see Fig. 3 in the Perspectives section of Chapter 6) commonly are the site of deposition of thick evaporite deposits of salt and gypsum. In some cases, evaporation of large seas that are closed to other oceans and seas may be responsible for thick marine evaporite deposits.

Question 3

Lagoons and reefs are sites of carbonate deposition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

The chemical formula for dolomite is CaCO3.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In a well-sorted rock, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  all grains are about the same size 
B)  all rocks are about the same size 
C)  all grains have cross-bedding 
D)  grains are graded 
E)  there are no signs of bioturbation 
A)  all grains are about the same size 
B)  all rocks are about the same size 
C)  all grains have cross-bedding 
D)  grains are graded 
E)  there are no signs of bioturbation

Question 6

Because wind has a limited capacity to transport sediment, wind deposits are poorly sorted.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Explain how fossils, and especially microfossils, can be used to help determine ancient depositional environments.

Accepted Answer

Marine versus terrestrial organisms are

Question 8

The most common chemical sedimentary rock is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  sandstone 
B)  limestone 
C)  rock salt 
D)  coal 
E)  shale 
A)  sandstone 
B)  limestone 
C)  rock salt 
D)  coal 
E)  shale

Question 9

In bioturbation, most of the original sedimentary structures are preserved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The most important source rocks for fuels we use today are igneous rocks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Graded bedding forms when ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  erosion planes off a portion of the sea bottom 
B)  sediment is deposited on a steep slope or grade 
C)  turbidity currents deposit first coarse-grained sediment then fine-grained sediment 
D)  cross-bedding is truncated at top and curved (or tangential) at bottom 
E)  turbidity currents deposit first fine-grained sediment then coarse-grained sediment 
A)  erosion planes off a portion of the sea bottom 
B)  sediment is deposited on a steep slope or grade 
C)  turbidity currents deposit first coarse-grained sediment then fine-grained sediment 
D)  cross-bedding is truncated at top and curved (or tangential) at bottom 
E)  turbidity currents deposit first fine-grained sediment then coarse-grained sediment

Question 12

Compare and contrast the sediments deposited in continental, transitional, and marine environments. Give specific examples of these sediment types and the environments where they commonly form.

Accepted Answer

The student should discuss continental e

Question 13

From continent to deep-ocean basin, what is the order of offshore environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise 
B)  continental slope, continental shelf, continental rise 
C)  continental slope, continental rise, continental shelf 
D)  continental rise, continental slope, continental shelf 
E)  continental rise, continental shelf, continental slope 
A)  continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise 
B)  continental slope, continental shelf, continental rise 
C)  continental slope, continental rise, continental shelf 
D)  continental rise, continental slope, continental shelf 
E)  continental rise, continental shelf, continental slope

Question 14

Turbidity currents deposit sediments in ____ beds with ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  graded; fine sediments on top and coarse sediments on bottom 
B)  stratified; fine sediments on top and coarse sediments on bottom 
C)  graded; coarse sediments on top and fine sediments on bottom 
D)  cross; fine sediments on top and coarse sediments on bottom 
E)  cross; coarse sediments on top and fine sediments on bottom 
A)  graded; fine sediments on top and coarse sediments on bottom 
B)  stratified; fine sediments on top and coarse sediments on bottom 
C)  graded; coarse sediments on top and fine sediments on bottom 
D)  cross; fine sediments on top and coarse sediments on bottom 
E)  cross; coarse sediments on top and fine sediments on bottom

Question 15

Prograding d elta deposits differ from turbidity current deposits because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  delta deposits coarsen upwards, with fine sediments on bottom and coarse sediments on top 
B)  turbidity current deposits coarsen upwards, with fine sediments on bottom and coarse sediments on top 
C)  delta deposits fine upwards, with coarse sediments on bottom and fine sediments on top 
D)  deltas are not subject to marine processes 
E)  turbidity currents are not subject to marine processes 
A)  delta deposits coarsen upwards, with fine sediments on bottom and coarse sediments on top 
B)  turbidity current deposits coarsen upwards, with fine sediments on bottom and coarse sediments on top 
C)  delta deposits fine upwards, with coarse sediments on bottom and fine sediments on top 
D)  deltas are not subject to marine processes 
E)  turbidity currents are not subject to marine processes

Question 16

Rocks above and below a bedding plane may have different physical properties.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A well-sorted sediment contains particles that are of about the same size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Cross-bedding can form via wind or water currents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Graded beds refer to sedimentary beds that show a decrease in grain size from bottom to top.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

____ are transitional environments because they ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sand dunes; involve marine and continental processes 
B)  Barrier islands; involve marine and continental processes 
C)  Submarine fans; involve marine and continental processes 
D)  Glaciers; straddle the boundary between the mountains and the plains 
E)  Alluvial fans; straddle the boundary between the mountains and the plains 
A)  Sand dunes; involve marine and continental processes 
B)  Barrier islands; involve marine and continental processes 
C)  Submarine fans; involve marine and continental processes 
D)  Glaciers; straddle the boundary between the mountains and the plains 
E)  Alluvial fans; straddle the boundary between the mountains and the plains

The three major depositional environments are , , and .

Compare and contrast the various types of depositional environments in which evaporite deposits form. How do these deposits differ?

Lagoons and reefs are sites of carbonate deposition.

The chemical formula for dolomite is CaCO₃.

In a well-sorted rock, ____.

Because wind has a limited capacity to transport sediment, wind deposits are poorly sorted.

Explain how fossils, and especially microfossils, can be used to help determine ancient depositional environments.

The most common chemical sedimentary rock is ____.

In bioturbation, most of the original sedimentary structures are preserved.

The most important source rocks for fuels we use today are igneous rocks.

Graded bedding forms when ____.

Compare and contrast the sediments deposited in continental, transitional, and marine environments. Give specific examples of these sediment types and the environments where they commonly form.

From continent to deep-ocean basin, what is the order of offshore environments?

Turbidity currents deposit sediments in beds with .

Prograding d elta deposits differ from turbidity current deposits because ____.

Rocks above and below a bedding plane may have different physical properties.

A well-sorted sediment contains particles that are of about the same size.

Cross-bedding can form via wind or water currents.

Graded beds refer to sedimentary beds that show a decrease in grain size from bottom to top.

are transitional environments because they .

The Dynamic and Evolving Earth

Minerals and Rocks

Plate Tectonics: a Unifying Theory

Geologic Time Concepts and Principles

Rocks Fossils and Time Making Sense of the Geologic Record

Evolution the Theory and Its Supporting Evidence

Precambrian Earth and Life History the Hadean and the Archean Eon

Precambrian Earth and Life History the Proterozoic Eon

Early Paleozoic Earth History

Late Paleozoic Earth History

Paleozoic Life History Invertebrates

Paleozoic Life History Vertebrates and Plants

Mesozoic Earth History

Life of the Mesozoic Era

Cenozoic Earth History the Paleogene and Neogene Periods

Cenozoic Earth History the Quaternary Period

Life of the Cenozoic Era

Primate and Human Evolution

Filters

Exam 6: Sedimentary Rocks the Archives of Earth History

The three major depositional environments are ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Compare and contrast the various types of depositional environments in which evaporite deposits form. How do these deposits differ?

Lagoons and reefs are sites of carbonate deposition.

The chemical formula for dolomite is CaCO3.

In a well-sorted rock, ____.

Because wind has a limited capacity to transport sediment, wind deposits are poorly sorted.

Explain how fossils, and especially microfossils, can be used to help determine ancient depositional environments.

The most common chemical sedimentary rock is ____.

In bioturbation, most of the original sedimentary structures are preserved.

The most important source rocks for fuels we use today are igneous rocks.

Graded bedding forms when ____.

Compare and contrast the sediments deposited in continental, transitional, and marine environments. Give specific examples of these sediment types and the environments where they commonly form.

From continent to deep-ocean basin, what is the order of offshore environments?

Turbidity currents deposit sediments in ____ beds with ____.

Prograding d elta deposits differ from turbidity current deposits because ____.

Rocks above and below a bedding plane may have different physical properties.

A well-sorted sediment contains particles that are of about the same size.

Cross-bedding can form via wind or water currents.

Graded beds refer to sedimentary beds that show a decrease in grain size from bottom to top.

____ are transitional environments because they ____.

The Dynamic and Evolving Earth

Minerals and Rocks

Plate Tectonics: a Unifying Theory

Geologic Time Concepts and Principles

Rocks Fossils and Time Making Sense of the Geologic Record

Evolution the Theory and Its Supporting Evidence

Precambrian Earth and Life History the Hadean and the Archean Eon

Precambrian Earth and Life History the Proterozoic Eon

Early Paleozoic Earth History

Late Paleozoic Earth History

Paleozoic Life History Invertebrates

Paleozoic Life History Vertebrates and Plants

Mesozoic Earth History

Life of the Mesozoic Era

Cenozoic Earth History the Paleogene and Neogene Periods

Cenozoic Earth History the Quaternary Period

Life of the Cenozoic Era

Primate and Human Evolution

Filters

The three major depositional environments are , , and .

The chemical formula for dolomite is CaCO₃.

Turbidity currents deposit sediments in beds with .

are transitional environments because they .