Question 1

Though they would have a long-term impact, Wycliffe's ideas were rejected in the fourteenth century mainly because

Accepted Answer

A) Wycliffe's arguments were too academic to have an impact on average people. 
B) Wycliffe was not able to attract significant support from the English nobility. 
C) the Peasant Revolt of 1381 had adopted many of his demands before it was defeated. 
D) Wycliffe's charisma and confident leadership aroused distrust. 
E) the church placed an interdict on England until his ideas were suppressed. 
A) Wycliffe's arguments were too academic to have an impact on average people. 
B) Wycliffe was not able to attract significant support from the English nobility. 
C) the Peasant Revolt of 1381 had adopted many of his demands before it was defeated. 
D) Wycliffe's charisma and confident leadership aroused distrust. 
E) the church placed an interdict on England until his ideas were suppressed. C

Question 2

At the outbreak of the Reformation in the sixteenth century, the Catholic Church

Accepted Answer

A) was still accustomed to influence all aspects of European life despite its recent troubles. 
B) had been criticized for centuries for neglecting its primary spiritual mission. 
C) was criticized for being preoccupied with wealth and power. 
D) was being challenged by humanists newly empowered by the success of the Renaissance. 
E) all of the above 
A) was still accustomed to influence all aspects of European life despite its recent troubles. 
B) had been criticized for centuries for neglecting its primary spiritual mission. 
C) was criticized for being preoccupied with wealth and power. 
D) was being challenged by humanists newly empowered by the success of the Renaissance. 
E) all of the above E

Question 3

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Is it appropriate to characterize Martin Luther as a radical? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Martin Luther can be characterized as a radical in some respects, but not in others. On one hand, his actions and beliefs were radical for his time, as he challenged the authority of the Catholic Church and sparked the Protestant Reformation. He called for widespread reform within the church, including the rejection of indulgences and the idea that salvation could only be achieved through the church's sacraments. These ideas were radical and controversial at the time, and they ultimately led to a significant split within Christianity.

On the other hand, Martin Luther was not a radical in the sense of seeking to overthrow the entire social and political order. He did not advocate for violent revolution or the complete dismantling of existing institutions. Instead, he sought to reform the church from within and to bring about change through peaceful means. In this sense, he can be seen as a moderate reformer rather than a radical revolutionary.

Ultimately, whether Martin Luther is characterized as a radical depends on the context in which the term is used. In terms of religious and theological beliefs, he was certainly radical for his time. However, in terms of his overall approach and goals, he can be seen as a more moderate figure. It is important to consider the complexities of his actions and beliefs when evaluating his place in history.

Question 4

The history of Protestantism in France includes all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) a brutal war with the Catholics beginning in 1562. 
B) the slaughter of thousands of Huguenots in the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre. 
C) the succession of one of their leaders to the throne. 
D) full religious tolerance in the Edict of Nantes in 1598. 
E) the emigration of a quarter million French Protestants after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685. 
A) a brutal war with the Catholics beginning in 1562. 
B) the slaughter of thousands of Huguenots in the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre. 
C) the succession of one of their leaders to the throne. 
D) full religious tolerance in the Edict of Nantes in 1598. 
E) the emigration of a quarter million French Protestants after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685.

Question 5

Because strict obedience to God's law could signal salvation, Calvinists

Accepted Answer

A) were active in their churches. 
B) fervently repressed their vices. 
C) were determined to make others behave virtuously. 
D) did challenge secular authority and when possible dominated government. 
E) all of the above 
A) were active in their churches. 
B) fervently repressed their vices. 
C) were determined to make others behave virtuously. 
D) did challenge secular authority and when possible dominated government. 
E) all of the above

Question 6

Luther and Calvin were similar in the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) both had ambitious, upwardly mobile fathers. 
B) both had legal training. 
C) both were humanists. 
D) they agreed about the relationship the state and the reformed church. 
E) they accepted the concept of predestination. 
A) both had ambitious, upwardly mobile fathers. 
B) both had legal training. 
C) both were humanists. 
D) they agreed about the relationship the state and the reformed church. 
E) they accepted the concept of predestination.

Question 7

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What elements of the Radical Reformation support that label? How radical was the Radical Reformation?

Accepted Answer

The Radical Reformation was a movement w

Question 8

Anabaptist control of the city of Münster resulted in

Accepted Answer

A) Catholic support for the reformers. 
B) acceptance of Anabaptism into mainstream Protestantism. 
C) confiscation of the property of all non-believers. 
D) strictly enforced monogamy. 
E) a new freedom in learning and a culture of reading humanist works. 
A) Catholic support for the reformers. 
B) acceptance of Anabaptism into mainstream Protestantism. 
C) confiscation of the property of all non-believers. 
D) strictly enforced monogamy. 
E) a new freedom in learning and a culture of reading humanist works.

Question 9

When he became the leader of the German Reformation, Luther chose

Accepted Answer

A) to preserve the social order. 
B) to reject the power of princes and magistrates. 
C) to support the power of the Holy Roman Emperor. 
D) to question the social hierarchy. 
E) to abandon his millenarian beliefs. 
A) to preserve the social order. 
B) to reject the power of princes and magistrates. 
C) to support the power of the Holy Roman Emperor. 
D) to question the social hierarchy. 
E) to abandon his millenarian beliefs.

Question 10

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What was mysticism? Why would church authorities be disturbed by claims of mystic experiences? Explain the appeal of mysticism, especially for women.

Accepted Answer

Mysticism is a spiritual practice or bel

Question 11

Transubstantiation refers to the

Accepted Answer

A) transformation of the Church after the issuance of the Ninety-Five Theses . 
B) theory that in Communion the bread and wine become the substance of Christ's body and blood. 
C) salvation that comes from faith. 
D) holy order that converts a lay person to a member of the clergy. 
E) the washing away of original sin in baptism. 
A) transformation of the Church after the issuance of the Ninety-Five Theses . 
B) theory that in Communion the bread and wine become the substance of Christ's body and blood. 
C) salvation that comes from faith. 
D) holy order that converts a lay person to a member of the clergy. 
E) the washing away of original sin in baptism.

Question 12

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Why could millenarianism be considered an anti-establishment movement?

Accepted Answer

Millenarianism can be considered an anti

Question 13

Millenarianism (millenarian thinking)held that

Accepted Answer

A) the church's corruption is tied to the Antichrist and the whore of Babylon. 
B) prophecies of divine intervention in the world were about to be fulfilled. 
C) the millennium - a thousand-year rule of justice and peace - was at hand. 
D) sin would be destroyed and paradise will arise. 
E) all of the above 
A) the church's corruption is tied to the Antichrist and the whore of Babylon. 
B) prophecies of divine intervention in the world were about to be fulfilled. 
C) the millennium - a thousand-year rule of justice and peace - was at hand. 
D) sin would be destroyed and paradise will arise. 
E) all of the above

Question 14

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 priesthood of all believers

Accepted Answer

The priesthood of all believers is a con

Question 15

According to the text, the main reason why the church did not immediately condemn Luther was

Accepted Answer

A) political; the pope had to weigh the influence of the Elector of Saxony, the Holy Roman Emperor, and the kings of Spain, France, and England. 
B) intellectual; the initial support that much of the Catholic clergy gave Luther. 
C) Cultural; officials in Rome could not take the activities of a German monk seriously. 
D) institutional; the internal weakness of the Church; the papacy was being challenged by the Conciliar Movement. 
E) social; the limited impact Luther's ideas were having. 
A) political; the pope had to weigh the influence of the Elector of Saxony, the Holy Roman Emperor, and the kings of Spain, France, and England. 
B) intellectual; the initial support that much of the Catholic clergy gave Luther. 
C) Cultural; officials in Rome could not take the activities of a German monk seriously. 
D) institutional; the internal weakness of the Church; the papacy was being challenged by the Conciliar Movement. 
E) social; the limited impact Luther's ideas were having.

Question 16

Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation was

Accepted Answer

A) issued by the papacy to gain support in its fight against Luther. 
B) written by Luther to implore the nobility to suppress the 1525 German Peasants' Revolt. 
C) issued by the Elector of Saxony to promote Luther's cause. 
D) written by Luther to, among other reasons, remind the Germans about papal exploitation. 
E) issued by Emperor Charles V announcing the condemnation of Luther. 
A) issued by the papacy to gain support in its fight against Luther. 
B) written by Luther to implore the nobility to suppress the 1525 German Peasants' Revolt. 
C) issued by the Elector of Saxony to promote Luther's cause. 
D) written by Luther to, among other reasons, remind the Germans about papal exploitation. 
E) issued by Emperor Charles V announcing the condemnation of Luther.

Question 17

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 quietism

Accepted Answer

Quietism is a philosophical and religiou

Question 18

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).   
 Mark the boundaries of the areas dominated by Roman Catholicism and by the various Protestant groups. Label each. Locate and label the homeland of Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Instructions: Please use this outline map of...

Question 19

Which of the following statements concerning humanists and religion is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Humanists called for reform and renewal of the church. 
B) The Protestant Reformation originated in elite circles of humanistic scholars. 
C) Humanists used their techniques to disprove the validity of documents that asserted papal authority. 
D) The clergy's government of the faithful vexed the humanists. 
E) The course of the Reformation brought a new form of Christianity, rather than the reform of the Catholic church from within, as humanists as advocated. 
A) Humanists called for reform and renewal of the church. 
B) The Protestant Reformation originated in elite circles of humanistic scholars. 
C) Humanists used their techniques to disprove the validity of documents that asserted papal authority. 
D) The clergy's government of the faithful vexed the humanists. 
E) The course of the Reformation brought a new form of Christianity, rather than the reform of the Catholic church from within, as humanists as advocated.

Question 20

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Discuss the manner in which the Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation.

Accepted Answer

The Catholic Church responded to the Pro

Exam 14: The Reformation the Shattering of Christian Unity

Though they would have a long-term impact, Wycliffe's ideas were rejected in the fourteenth century mainly because

At the outbreak of the Reformation in the sixteenth century, the Catholic Church

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Is it appropriate to characterize Martin Luther as a radical? Why or why not?

The history of Protestantism in France includes all the following EXCEPT

Because strict obedience to God's law could signal salvation, Calvinists

Luther and Calvin were similar in the following EXCEPT

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What elements of the Radical Reformation support that label? How radical was the Radical Reformation?

Anabaptist control of the city of Münster resulted in

When he became the leader of the German Reformation, Luther chose

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What was mysticism? Why would church authorities be disturbed by claims of mystic experiences? Explain the appeal of mysticism, especially for women.

Transubstantiation refers to the

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Why could millenarianism be considered an anti-establishment movement?

Millenarianism (millenarian thinking)held that

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? priesthood of all believers

According to the text, the main reason why the church did not immediately condemn Luther was

Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation was

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? quietism

Instructions: Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s). Mark the boundaries of the areas dominated by Roman Catholicism and by the various Protestant groups. Label each. Locate and label the homeland of Luther, Zwingli, and Calvin.

Which of the following statements concerning humanists and religion is NOT correct?

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Discuss the manner in which the Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation.

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual

The Greek City-State Democratic Politics

Greek Thought From Myth to Reason

The Hellenistic Age Cultural Diffusion

The Roman Republic City-State to World Empire

The Roman Empire a World-State

Early Christianity a World Religion

The Heirs of Rome Byzantium Islam and Latin Christendom

The High Middle Ages Vitality and Enewal

The Flowering of Medieval Culture the Christian Synthesis

The Late Middle Ages Crisis and Dissolution

The Renaissance Transition to the Modern Age

European Expansion Economic and Social Transformations

The Rise of Sovereignty Transition to the Modern State

The Scientific Revolution the Universe Seen As a Mechanism

The Age of Enlightenment Reason and Reform

The French Revolution the Affirmation of Liberty and Equality

The Industrial Revolution the Great Transformation

Thought and Culture in the Early Nineteenth Century

Revolution and Counterrevolution 1815-1848

Thought and Culture in the Mid-Nineteenth Century Realism and Social Criticism

The Surge of Nationalism From Liberal to Extreme Nationalism

The Industrial West Responses to Modernization

Imperialism Western Global Dominance

Modern Consciousness New Views of Nature Human Nature and the Arts

World War I the West in Despair

An Era of Totalitarianism

Thought and Culture in an Era of World Wars and Totalitarianism

World War II Western Civilization in the Balance

Europe After World War II Recovery and Realignment 1945-1989

The Troubled Present

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