Question 1

Bronfenbrenner argues that development is influenced by interactions that take place within the

Accepted Answer

A)  chronosystem. 
B)  mesosystem. 
C)  microsystem. 
D)  macrosystem. 
A)  chronosystem. 
B)  mesosystem. 
C)  microsystem. 
D)  macrosystem. C

Question 2

In psychoanalytic theory, which of the following terms refers to reality-oriented functions such as perception, learning, memory, and judgment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Superego 
B)  Ego 
C)  Id 
D)  Unconscious 
A)  Superego 
B)  Ego 
C)  Id 
D)  Unconscious B

Question 3

Which of the following is considered the focus of Freud's psychoanalytic theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  The influence of sexual and aggressive drives to motivate behavior 
B)  Learned behaviors and habits on moral development 
C)  Social roles on family uniqueness 
D)  Goals and expectations on confidence building 
A)  The influence of sexual and aggressive drives to motivate behavior 
B)  Learned behaviors and habits on moral development 
C)  Social roles on family uniqueness 
D)  Goals and expectations on confidence building A

Question 4

Which of the following statements is considered an implication for human development based on social learning theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  All components of social learning theory are considered positive responses to cognitive development. 
B)  All learning requires direct instruction. 
C)  Natural selection occurs in one's determination of an appropriate behavioral response. 
D)  Models are relevant in guiding the behavior of others. 
A)  All components of social learning theory are considered positive responses to cognitive development. 
B)  All learning requires direct instruction. 
C)  Natural selection occurs in one's determination of an appropriate behavioral response. 
D)  Models are relevant in guiding the behavior of others.

Question 5

According to cultural theory, which of the following would be considered an example of physical culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  Colonial time period artifacts 
B)  Rites of passage for teenagers 
C)  A set of values passed down from one generation to the next generation 
D)  The role of a matriarch 
A)  Colonial time period artifacts 
B)  Rites of passage for teenagers 
C)  A set of values passed down from one generation to the next generation 
D)  The role of a matriarch

Question 6

According to psychoanalytic theory, middle-aged Valerie has two instinctual drives that contribute to her personality development. What are these two instinctual drives?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sexuality and shame 
B)  Aggression and affiliation 
C)  Sexuality and aggression 
D)  Sexuality and inhibition 
A)  Sexuality and shame 
B)  Aggression and affiliation 
C)  Sexuality and aggression 
D)  Sexuality and inhibition

Question 7

Inner speech helps the child problem-solve.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following statements is considered a major implication of evolutionary theory related to the study of human development?

Accepted Answer

A)  The importance of similarities among all humans allows for the scientific study of continuity over time. 
B)  Factors that influence reproductive success of a group have implications for the survival of the species. 
C)  The early years of childhood are most critical in shaping the structure of adult personality. 
D)  The course of human development is shaped by entries into and exits from key life roles. 
A)  The importance of similarities among all humans allows for the scientific study of continuity over time. 
B)  Factors that influence reproductive success of a group have implications for the survival of the species. 
C)  The early years of childhood are most critical in shaping the structure of adult personality. 
D)  The course of human development is shaped by entries into and exits from key life roles.

Question 9

Learning about principles that govern objects does not help us learn about ourselves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is TRUE of social cognition?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a type of positive stimulus package for infants. 
B)  It is a facet of social learning theory that emphasizes a cognitive orientation. 
C)  It is a product of a cognitive map. 
D)  It is a natural selection process that is a by-product of evolutionary theory. 
A)  It is a type of positive stimulus package for infants. 
B)  It is a facet of social learning theory that emphasizes a cognitive orientation. 
C)  It is a product of a cognitive map. 
D)  It is a natural selection process that is a by-product of evolutionary theory.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is considered an implication for human development based on Vygotsky's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  In all cultures, children will approach problem solving in the same way. 
B)  Social interaction and culture shape an individual's cognitive development. 
C)  It is better to spend time with people who are a little less skilled than you in order to build self-esteem. 
D)  The direction of cognitive growth is largely determined by genetic factors. 
A)  In all cultures, children will approach problem solving in the same way. 
B)  Social interaction and culture shape an individual's cognitive development. 
C)  It is better to spend time with people who are a little less skilled than you in order to build self-esteem. 
D)  The direction of cognitive growth is largely determined by genetic factors.

Question 12

What guiding premises underlie the logic of a theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its predictions 
B)  Its assumptions 
C)  Its variables 
D)  Its applications 
A)  Its predictions 
B)  Its assumptions 
C)  Its variables 
D)  Its applications

Question 13

What was Piaget trying to explain in his cognitive development theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  The process for how the capacity for logical thought develops 
B)  Reasons why some children are mathematically gifted 
C)  Individual differences in learning styles 
D)  The process for how culture influences cognition 
A)  The process for how the capacity for logical thought develops 
B)  Reasons why some children are mathematically gifted 
C)  Individual differences in learning styles 
D)  The process for how culture influences cognition

Question 14

The assumptions of any theory may or may not be correct. In other words, assumptions

Accepted Answer

A)  are based on research results from over 50 years ago, so they may not be relevant today. 
B)  may be influenced by the cultural context of the theorist. 
C)  predict statistical significance of the current research design only. 
D)  may be the same as another theory. 
A)  are based on research results from over 50 years ago, so they may not be relevant today. 
B)  may be influenced by the cultural context of the theorist. 
C)  predict statistical significance of the current research design only. 
D)  may be the same as another theory.

Question 15

Vygotsky theorized that language is a barrier between generations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In contrast to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Vygotsky placed greater emphasis on

Accepted Answer

A)  social context. 
B)  role of exploration and experimentation. 
C)  biological bases of cognition. 
D)  evolution. 
A)  social context. 
B)  role of exploration and experimentation. 
C)  biological bases of cognition. 
D)  evolution.

Question 17

Psychosexual theory gives a greater role to the individual in shaping his or her own development than psychosocial theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Daryl is a human being. From an evolutionary perspective, he depends on the capacity of all of the species' individual members to survive, mate, reproduce, and

Accepted Answer

A)  rear their offspring. 
B)  have reflexes. 
C)  use spoken language. 
D)  express emotion. 
A)  rear their offspring. 
B)  have reflexes. 
C)  use spoken language. 
D)  express emotion.

Question 19

According to cultural theory, what determines whether behavior appears to occur in stages?

Accepted Answer

A)  The religions of the society 
B)  The climate 
C)  The life span of the individuals 
D)  The degree of discontinuity in cultural conditioning 
A)  The religions of the society 
B)  The climate 
C)  The life span of the individuals 
D)  The degree of discontinuity in cultural conditioning

Question 20

According to cognitive theory, accommodation is the tendency to interpret new experiences in terms of an existing scheme.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Bronfenbrenner argues that development is influenced by interactions that take place within the

In psychoanalytic theory, which of the following terms refers to reality-oriented functions such as perception, learning, memory, and judgment?

Which of the following is considered the focus of Freud's psychoanalytic theory?

Which of the following statements is considered an implication for human development based on social learning theory?

According to cultural theory, which of the following would be considered an example of physical culture?

According to psychoanalytic theory, middle-aged Valerie has two instinctual drives that contribute to her personality development. What are these two instinctual drives?

Inner speech helps the child problem-solve.

Which of the following statements is considered a major implication of evolutionary theory related to the study of human development?

Learning about principles that govern objects does not help us learn about ourselves.

Which of the following is TRUE of social cognition?

Which of the following statements is considered an implication for human development based on Vygotsky's theory?

What guiding premises underlie the logic of a theory?

What was Piaget trying to explain in his cognitive development theory?

The assumptions of any theory may or may not be correct. In other words, assumptions

Vygotsky theorized that language is a barrier between generations.

In contrast to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Vygotsky placed greater emphasis on

Psychosexual theory gives a greater role to the individual in shaping his or her own development than psychosocial theory.

Daryl is a human being. From an evolutionary perspective, he depends on the capacity of all of the species' individual members to survive, mate, reproduce, and

According to cultural theory, what determines whether behavior appears to occur in stages?

According to cognitive theory, accommodation is the tendency to interpret new experiences in terms of an existing scheme.

The Development Through Life Perspective

Psychosocial Theory

The Period of Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

Lnfancy First 24 Months

Toddlerhood Ages 2 to 4 Years

Early School Age 4 to 6 Years

Middle Childhood 6 to 12 Years

Early Adolescence 12 to 18 Years

Later Adolescence 18 to 24 Years

Early Adulthood 24 to 34 Years Angel

Middle Adulthood 34 to 60 Years

Later Adulthood 60 to 75 Years

Elderhood 75 Until Death

Understanding Death Dying and Bereavement

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Exam 2: Major Theories for Understanding Human Development

Bronfenbrenner argues that development is influenced by interactions that take place within the

In psychoanalytic theory, which of the following terms refers to reality-oriented functions such as perception, learning, memory, and judgment?

Which of the following is considered the focus of Freud's psychoanalytic theory?

Which of the following statements is considered an implication for human development based on social learning theory?

According to cultural theory, which of the following would be considered an example of physical culture?

According to psychoanalytic theory, middle-aged Valerie has two instinctual drives that contribute to her personality development. What are these two instinctual drives?

Inner speech helps the child problem-solve.

Which of the following statements is considered a major implication of evolutionary theory related to the study of human development?

Learning about principles that govern objects does not help us learn about ourselves.

Which of the following is TRUE of social cognition?

Which of the following statements is considered an implication for human development based on Vygotsky's theory?

What guiding premises underlie the logic of a theory?

What was Piaget trying to explain in his cognitive development theory?

The assumptions of any theory may or may not be correct. In other words, assumptions

Vygotsky theorized that language is a barrier between generations.

In contrast to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, Vygotsky placed greater emphasis on

Psychosexual theory gives a greater role to the individual in shaping his or her own development than psychosocial theory.

Daryl is a human being. From an evolutionary perspective, he depends on the capacity of all of the species' individual members to survive, mate, reproduce, and

According to cultural theory, what determines whether behavior appears to occur in stages?

According to cognitive theory, accommodation is the tendency to interpret new experiences in terms of an existing scheme.

The Development Through Life Perspective

Psychosocial Theory

The Period of Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

Lnfancy First 24 Months

Toddlerhood Ages 2 to 4 Years

Early School Age 4 to 6 Years

Middle Childhood 6 to 12 Years

Early Adolescence 12 to 18 Years

Later Adolescence 18 to 24 Years

Early Adulthood 24 to 34 Years Angel

Middle Adulthood 34 to 60 Years

Later Adulthood 60 to 75 Years

Elderhood 75 Until Death

Understanding Death Dying and Bereavement

Filters