Exam 13: Disturbances of Glucose Metabolism

The treatment for HONKS and DKA is essentially the same in the prehospital setting.

Glucagon is secreted in response to high blood glucose levels.

Insulin prevents the body from breaking down muscles (i.e., catabolism) for use as a source of energy.

____________________ is the creation of triglycerides from fatty acids and glycerol, which are in turn bound to high density lipoproteins.

Sunken eyes, dry mucous membranes, and a furrowed tongue are all signs of ____.

____ are the main fuel source for the human body.

Approximately half of all daily caloric intake is in the form of carbohydrates, both simple and complex.

In the process of digestion, complex carbohydrates such as starches and cellulose are broken down into their simple sugars (glucose, fructose, and galactose), a process called ____________________.

____ is defined as an elevation in a woman's blood glucose levels that begins during pregnancy.

Hypoglycemia in children is the same as in adults.

____ is characterized by profound hyperglycemia, severe dehydration acidosis, and mental status changes.

____ is produced in the beta cells within the islets of Langerhans found in the pancreas.

Rapid-acting insulin may be used when a patient's blood glucose fluctuates quickly; this patient is sometimes referred to as a "____."

Large amount of urine production that forces the patient to void often is a condition called ____.

____ results from an increase in blood sugar that pulls fluids from tissues into the blood stream causing the body to send out signals that the patient should start to increase water intake.

Patients who are thiamine deficient due to malnourishment are at risk of developing ____ when given a large glucose load.

The typical range of blood glucose in the body is between a low of 70 to 80 mg/dL and a high of 120 and 140 mg/dL.

During DKA, the acidosis causes the potassium to move out of the cells and into the bloodstream, causing ____________________.

____ is a chemical compound composed of long chains of glucose molecules connected together.

Many EMS systems define hypoglycemia as a blood sugar level less than ____ mg/dL.