Exam 13: Disturbances of Glucose Metabolism

A(n) ____________________ is a handheld device that requires less than a drop of blood to measure the patient's glucose level.

____ is the main substrate (source) for energy production in the human body and is utilized by every organ system.

Glucagon is produced in beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.

The American Diabetes Association estimates that approximately 20% of pregnant women are diagnosed with gestational diabetes.

Both the mobilization and synthesis of glucose is directed by the hormone ____.

As individual cells come into contact with blood, and the blood glucose therein, they use the hormone ____ to help transport the glucose from the bloodstream into the cell, where it is then used as an energy source.

____ can lead to respiratory distress and exhaustion, with a resultant increase in acidosis and subsequent peripheral vasodilation.

____ is an anomaly of glucose disorders and the patient presents with the signs and symptoms of DKA yet is hypoglycemic.

As much as a 15% variation can exist between glucose readings obtained from whole blood versus glucose readings obtained from plasma.

Patients with ____ may have extremely high blood glucose levels (>600) and profound dehydration (up to 9 L), but do not typically become acidotic, and may not produce ketones.

The most common underlying reason for the development of DKA is ____.

Paramedics seldom encounter patients with disorders of glucose metabolism.

____ is the sole energy source for the brain and red blood cells.

____________________ is a condition of chronic hyperglycemia that does not reach the level of diabetes but has many of the same complications associated with it.

Chronic diabetes is defined as ongoing for greater than ____ years.