Exam 6: Groups and Organization

Despite being warned of danger, NASA scientists proceeded with the 1986 launch of the space shuttle Challenger, which subsequently exploded, killing all onboard. Sociological analysis of this situation finds it was caused by

Which statement about organizations as sociologists view them is correct?

Networks of White political and religious leaders tend to be more closely bonded than those of Black political and religious leaders.

Cooley's concept of primary groups

The reality of the expression "it's a small world" is that

A study by Taylor and associates looked at networks among Black leaders in the United States. The researchers found that Black leaders

When someone relies on a network to find a job, it is likely that the members of the network share social characteristics, including social class, with the job seeker.

Define social networks and describe how they develop. Describe a benefit of social networks from your own life.

Which of the following is false about the formation of social networks?

An out-group is all of these except

Which of the following is not characteristic of formal organizations?

The process of judging members of in-groups and out-groups is the same, with both groups tending to receive the same amount of personal credit and being extended the same benefit of the doubt.

Most people vote with the same political party and have the same religious beliefs as do their parents.

Individuals often join _____ organizations, such as Microsoft, Amazon, and Google, for monetary reasons.

Certain gatherings are not groups in the strict sociological sense but may be social categories (e.g., teenagers or truck drivers) or audiences (e.g., everyone watching a movie) .

Deindividuation refers to

In Milgram's studies of obedience to authority, more than half of the volunteer subjects went "all the way" and administered the highest, most dangerous intensity of electric shock.

Utilitarian organizations are always for-profit organizations.

Asch's studies of conformity to social pressure demonstrate risky shift.

Alienation is a problem only in occupations involving manual labor and factory production.