Exam 7: Deviance and Crime

Which of the following is an example of informal deviance in U.S. culture?

W. I. Thomas explained deviance as

List and discuss the six characteristics of deviant behavior identified by sociologists.

Conflict theory understands deviance as being _____, while symbolic interaction emphasizes _____.

Conflict and functionalist theories of deviance share

Cyberattacks against utilities such as nuclear power plants and against information systems such as those related to voter registration have become an increasing concern.

In the 1990s, the crack epidemic, which often affected poor, inner-city Black communities, was met with harsher sentencing laws. Today, when opioid overdoses are epidemic in white middle-class communities, the societal response is geared more toward treatment and prevention. This disparity in response is most consistent with which approach?   

Summarize the key differences between the functionalist and the conflict theories of deviance. Which current phenomena would be of most interest to a functionalist? To someone who espouses the conflict theory?

Define white-collar crime and corporate crime and give an example of each. Discuss the costs of white-collar and corporate crime to society and the difficulties in identifying and prosecuting these types of crimes.

Mr. Martin, a high school math teacher, notices that Bryan doesn't seem to pay attention in class and generally does poorly on assignments and tests.  He decides that Bryan must be lazy and relays his assessment to other teachers. Mr. Martin is engaging in

Sociologists would consider _____ to be a form of _____ deviance.

Differential association theory explains deviance by

Symbolic interactionist theories of deviance originated in _____ and looked to _____ to explain deviance. 

Explain how labeling theory can be used to understand the ways in which deviant identities and deviant communities emerge.

According to _____, people behave as they do because of the meanings they give to different situations. For example, whether binge drinking is seen as normal behavior or deviant may depend on whether a student attends a "party school" or a college that emphasizes more scholarly activities.

Labeling theorists would explain recidivism among those released from prison as

According to sociologists, the actions of the hijackers involved in the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks are an example of _____ because their acts were committed to further their religious/political cause.

According to Merton, an imbalance, or disjunction, between cultural goals and structurally available means can actually compel the individual into deviant behavior. Thus, someone who has legal way to earn a living may turn to illegal ways.

How does the criminal justice system perpetuate racial inequalities?

_____ is an attribute that is socially devalued and discredited.