Question 1

Most scientists believe that the Big Bang took place approximately ____ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) 140 billion 
B) 40 billion 
C) 14 billion 
D) 140 million 
E) 40 million 
A) 140 billion 
B) 40 billion 
C) 14 billion 
D) 140 million 
E) 40 million

Question 2

Earth formed ____________________ billion years ago.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Earth formed ____________________ billion years ago....

Question 3

What are the two types of crust?

Accepted Answer

A) oceanic and continental 
B) inner crust and outer crust 
C) lower crust and upper crust 
D) terrestrial and aquatic 
E) metamorphic and sedimentary 
A) oceanic and continental 
B) inner crust and outer crust 
C) lower crust and upper crust 
D) terrestrial and aquatic 
E) metamorphic and sedimentary

Question 4

Which process results in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

A) precipitation of mineral matter from solution 
B) chemical activity of fluids 
C) crystallization of lava flow 
D) accumulation of magma 
E) heat compression of other rocks 
A) precipitation of mineral matter from solution 
B) chemical activity of fluids 
C) crystallization of lava flow 
D) accumulation of magma 
E) heat compression of other rocks

Question 5

What theory explains the formation of a differentiated Earth consisting of layers?

Accepted Answer

A) Darwin's theory 
B) plate tectonic theory 
C) Einstein's Theory of Relativity 
D) homogeneous accretion theory 
E) Big Bang 
A) Darwin's theory 
B) plate tectonic theory 
C) Einstein's Theory of Relativity 
D) homogeneous accretion theory 
E) Big Bang

Question 6

Earth's composition was originally homogeneous.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A change in the frequency of a sound, light, or other wave caused by movement of the wave's source relative to the observer is known as the _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A change in the frequency of a...

Question 8

Earth's concentric layer that has the largest volume is the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Earth's concentric layer that has the largest...

Question 9

The solar nebula theory of the formation of the solar system accounts for the differences in composition between the terrestrial and Jovian planets.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

According to the principle of uniformitarianism, processes have occurred at the same rates throughout geologic time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

What are the terrestrial planets?

Accepted Answer

A) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune 
B) Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars 
C) Earth, Mars, and Jupiter 
D) Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto 
E) Mercury, Earth, Mars, and Pluto 
A) Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune 
B) Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars 
C) Earth, Mars, and Jupiter 
D) Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto 
E) Mercury, Earth, Mars, and Pluto

Question 12

What technique injects fluids under very high pressure into organic-rich shales to recover trapped natural gas?

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical fracturing 
B) hydraulic fracturing 
C) pressurized mining 
D) stress mining 
E) hydraulic drilling 
A) mechanical fracturing 
B) hydraulic fracturing 
C) pressurized mining 
D) stress mining 
E) hydraulic drilling

Question 13

What are the subdivisions of the geologic time scale, listed in order from longest to shortest time intervals?

Accepted Answer

A) eon, era, period, and epoch 
B) epoch, eon, era, and period 
C) eon, epoch, period, and era 
D) era, eon, period, and epoch 
E) eon, era, epoch, and period 
A) eon, era, period, and epoch 
B) epoch, eon, era, and period 
C) eon, epoch, period, and era 
D) era, eon, period, and epoch 
E) eon, era, epoch, and period

Question 14

What parallel alignment of minerals is caused by the application of pressure, and gives a rock a layered or banded appearance?

Accepted Answer

A) striation 
B) foliation 
C) marbling 
D) metamorphism 
E) crystallization 
A) striation 
B) foliation 
C) marbling 
D) metamorphism 
E) crystallization

Question 15

A combination of related parts that interact in an organized fashion is a(n)____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A combination of related parts that interact...

Question 16

What type of rocks form at or near Earth's surface?

Accepted Answer

A) foliated rocks 
B) nonfoliated rocks 
C) sedimentary rocks 
D) igneous rocks 
E) metamorphic rocks 
A) foliated rocks 
B) nonfoliated rocks 
C) sedimentary rocks 
D) igneous rocks 
E) metamorphic rocks

Question 17

What is the basic premise of the principle of uniformitarianism?

Accepted Answer

The principle of uniformitarianism is ba

Question 18

Earth consists of two types of crust: lithospheric and oceanic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which subsystem of Earth supplies heat for convection in the mantle?

Accepted Answer

A) atmosphere 
B) hydrosphere 
C) biosphere 
D) core 
E) lithosphere 
A) atmosphere 
B) hydrosphere 
C) biosphere 
D) core 
E) lithosphere

Question 20

What is the zone between Earth's core and crust?

Accepted Answer

A) innersphere 
B) lithosphere 
C) mantle 
D) convection center 
E) molten zone 
A) innersphere 
B) lithosphere 
C) mantle 
D) convection center 
E) molten zone

Exam 1: Understanding Earth: a Dynamic and Evolving Planet

Most scientists believe that the Big Bang took place approximately ____ years ago.

Earth formed ____________________ billion years ago.

What are the two types of crust?

Which process results in the formation of sedimentary rocks?

What theory explains the formation of a differentiated Earth consisting of layers?

Earth's composition was originally homogeneous.

A change in the frequency of a sound, light, or other wave caused by movement of the wave's source relative to the observer is known as the _______________.

Earth's concentric layer that has the largest volume is the ____________________.

The solar nebula theory of the formation of the solar system accounts for the differences in composition between the terrestrial and Jovian planets.

According to the principle of uniformitarianism, processes have occurred at the same rates throughout geologic time.

What are the terrestrial planets?

What technique injects fluids under very high pressure into organic-rich shales to recover trapped natural gas?

What are the subdivisions of the geologic time scale, listed in order from longest to shortest time intervals?

What parallel alignment of minerals is caused by the application of pressure, and gives a rock a layered or banded appearance?

A combination of related parts that interact in an organized fashion is a(n)____________________.

What type of rocks form at or near Earth's surface?

What is the basic premise of the principle of uniformitarianism?

Earth consists of two types of crust: lithospheric and oceanic.

Which subsystem of Earth supplies heat for convection in the mantle?

What is the zone between Earth's core and crust?

Plate Tectonics: a Unifying Theory

Minerals: The Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks and Plutons

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering, Erosion, and Soil

Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Earthquakes and Earthapos;s Interior

Deformation, Mountain Building, and Earthapos;s Crust

Mass Wasting

Running Water--Streams and Rivers

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

The Work of Wind and Deserts

Oceans, Shorelines, and Shoreline Processes

Geologic Time: Concepts and Principles

Organic Evolution--The Theory and Its Supporting Evidence

Precambrian Earth and Life History

Paleozoic Earth History

Paleozoic Life History

Mesozoic Earth and Life History

Cenozoic Earth and Life History

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