Question 1

Retrospective coding refers to memory of

Accepted Answer

A) spatial cues. 
B) events that have happened in the past. 
C) events that still must occur. 
D) visual cues in the environment. 
A) spatial cues. 
B) events that have happened in the past. 
C) events that still must occur. 
D) visual cues in the environment.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a factor that determines performance in a delayed matching to sample task?

Accepted Answer

A) the duration of the delay 
B) the duration of the sample presentation 
C) the nature of the stimulus to be remembered 
D) None of the above; all are important determinants of performance. 
A) the duration of the delay 
B) the duration of the sample presentation 
C) the nature of the stimulus to be remembered 
D) None of the above; all are important determinants of performance.

Question 3

To increase the likelihood that your subjects will make correct responses in a delayed matching to sample task, you should

Accepted Answer

A) present the sample for a brief period, followed by a short delay. 
B) present the sample for a long period followed by a long delay. 
C) present the sample for a long period followed by a short delay. 
D) present the sample for a brief period followed by a long delay. 
A) present the sample for a brief period, followed by a short delay. 
B) present the sample for a long period followed by a long delay. 
C) present the sample for a long period followed by a short delay. 
D) present the sample for a brief period followed by a long delay.

Question 4

In studies of learning, which stage of an experiment is usually varied?

Accepted Answer

A) retrieval 
B) acquisition 
C) retention 
D) stimulus coding 
A) retrieval 
B) acquisition 
C) retention 
D) stimulus coding

Question 5

Describe how retrospective and prospective coding can be differentiated experimentally.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how retrospective and prospective coding can...

Question 6

The difference between using beacons and landmarks to find a goal is that

Accepted Answer

A) beacons are more salient than landmarks. 
B) landmarks are at the goal site; beacons are not. 
C) beacons are at the goal site; landmarks are not. 
D) landmarks are more salient than beacons. 
A) beacons are more salient than landmarks. 
B) landmarks are at the goal site; beacons are not. 
C) beacons are at the goal site; landmarks are not. 
D) landmarks are more salient than beacons.

Question 7

The duration of spatial memory in rats appears

Accepted Answer

A) to be for about as long as the rat remains in a maze. 
B) to be about 5 to 10 minutes. 
C) to be about 3 to 4 hours. 
D) to last for over a day. 
A) to be for about as long as the rat remains in a maze. 
B) to be about 5 to 10 minutes. 
C) to be about 3 to 4 hours. 
D) to last for over a day.

Question 8

Compare retrospective coding to prospective coding. When is each used?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare retrospective coding to prospective coding. When...

Question 9

Optogenetic studies with mice have demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A) activating cells that were involved in the formation of a memory erases that memory. 
B) activating cells that were involved in the formation of a memory enhances that memory. 
C) activating cells that were involved in the formation of a memory can induce a memory related behavior. 
D) activating cells that were involved in the formation of a memory prevents memory related behavior. 
A) activating cells that were involved in the formation of a memory erases that memory. 
B) activating cells that were involved in the formation of a memory enhances that memory. 
C) activating cells that were involved in the formation of a memory can induce a memory related behavior. 
D) activating cells that were involved in the formation of a memory prevents memory related behavior.

Question 10

In what order are stimuli usually presented in a delayed matching to sample task?

Accepted Answer

A) sample stimulus; delay; test stimuli; start cue 
B) sample stimulus; test stimuli; delay; start cue 
C) start cue; delay; sample stimulus; test stimulus 
D) start cue; sample stimulus; delay; test stimulus 
A) sample stimulus; delay; test stimuli; start cue 
B) sample stimulus; test stimuli; delay; start cue 
C) start cue; delay; sample stimulus; test stimulus 
D) start cue; sample stimulus; delay; test stimulus

Question 11

Steve is taught to work a difficult maze. The time it takes for him to work the maze is tested one day, three days, and ten days after training. This is likely a study of

Accepted Answer

A) retrieval. 
B) retention. 
C) acquisition. 
D) extinction. 
A) retrieval. 
B) retention. 
C) acquisition. 
D) extinction.

Question 12

Stimulus coding is primarily a task that occurs during

Accepted Answer

A) retention. 
B) retrieval. 
C) extinction. 
D) acquisition. 
A) retention. 
B) retrieval. 
C) extinction. 
D) acquisition.

Question 13

Infants were trained to kick in order to move a mobile. 24 hours later, one group of these infants was tested in the presence of the same contextual cues; another group was tested in the presence of a context familiar to them, but different from the training situation. The infants tested in the training context performed much better, probably because of

Accepted Answer

A) rehearsal cues. 
B) retrieval cues. 
C) prospective cues. 
D) retrospective cues. 
A) rehearsal cues. 
B) retrieval cues. 
C) prospective cues. 
D) retrospective cues.

Question 14

Doogie mice seem smarter because they show enhanced learning in a range of tests. The change that brings this about is

Accepted Answer

A) they produce NR2A longer than other mice. 
B) they produce NR2B longer than other mice. 
C) they produce AMPA longer than other mice. 
D) they produce DOX longer than other mice. 
A) they produce NR2A longer than other mice. 
B) they produce NR2B longer than other mice. 
C) they produce AMPA longer than other mice. 
D) they produce DOX longer than other mice.

Question 15

If a hamster in a radial maze is keeping in mind where it has been, it is using

Accepted Answer

A) prospection. 
B) introspection. 
C) retrospection. 
D) reference memory. 
A) prospection. 
B) introspection. 
C) retrospection. 
D) reference memory.

Question 16

The available evidence suggests that rats navigate correctly in radial arm mazes by

Accepted Answer

A) marking visited arms with urine. 
B) relying on visual cues in the testing room. 
C) choosing the arms in a fixed order. 
D) All of the above 
A) marking visited arms with urine. 
B) relying on visual cues in the testing room. 
C) choosing the arms in a fixed order. 
D) All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following can serve as a retrieval cue?

Accepted Answer

A) contextual cues 
B) the US 
C) the CS+ 
D) all of the above 
A) contextual cues 
B) the US 
C) the CS+ 
D) all of the above

Question 18

Bob asks you to come over to play video games. He tells you he lives right under the large green billboard visible from campus. To get to his house you must use

Accepted Answer

A) beacon following. 
B) landmarks. 
C) geometric cues. 
D) spatial coding. 
A) beacon following. 
B) landmarks. 
C) geometric cues. 
D) spatial coding.

Question 19

A Morris water maze

Accepted Answer

A) is an ecologically valid laboratory technique for studying memory in rodents. 
B) is a useful tool for studying memory in rodents, but is not ecologically valid. 
C) is an ecologically valid technique for studying foraging behavior, but not valid for memory tasks in rodents. 
D) is neither valid nor useful in studies of rodent memory. 
A) is an ecologically valid laboratory technique for studying memory in rodents. 
B) is a useful tool for studying memory in rodents, but is not ecologically valid. 
C) is an ecologically valid technique for studying foraging behavior, but not valid for memory tasks in rodents. 
D) is neither valid nor useful in studies of rodent memory.

Question 20

Which of the following is not an adaptive feature of forgetting?

Accepted Answer

A) It increases behavioral variability. 
B) It can reduce the context specificity of learning. 
C) It can be useful in therapeutic settings. 
D) All are adaptive features of forgetting 
A) It increases behavioral variability. 
B) It can reduce the context specificity of learning. 
C) It can be useful in therapeutic settings. 
D) All are adaptive features of forgetting

Retrospective coding refers to memory of

Which of the following is not a factor that determines performance in a delayed matching to sample task?

To increase the likelihood that your subjects will make correct responses in a delayed matching to sample task, you should

In studies of learning, which stage of an experiment is usually varied?

Describe how retrospective and prospective coding can be differentiated experimentally.

The difference between using beacons and landmarks to find a goal is that

The duration of spatial memory in rats appears

Compare retrospective coding to prospective coding. When is each used?

Optogenetic studies with mice have demonstrated that

In what order are stimuli usually presented in a delayed matching to sample task?

Steve is taught to work a difficult maze. The time it takes for him to work the maze is tested one day, three days, and ten days after training. This is likely a study of

Stimulus coding is primarily a task that occurs during

Doogie mice seem smarter because they show enhanced learning in a range of tests. The change that brings this about is

If a hamster in a radial maze is keeping in mind where it has been, it is using

The available evidence suggests that rats navigate correctly in radial arm mazes by

Which of the following can serve as a retrieval cue?

Bob asks you to come over to play video games. He tells you he lives right under the large green billboard visible from campus. To get to his house you must use

A Morris water maze

Which of the following is not an adaptive feature of forgetting?

Introduction

Elicited Behavior Habituation and Sensitization

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Instrumental Conditioning

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Averse Control

Comparative Cognition II

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Exam 11: Comparative Cognition I

Retrospective coding refers to memory of

Which of the following is not a factor that determines performance in a delayed matching to sample task?

To increase the likelihood that your subjects will make correct responses in a delayed matching to sample task, you should

In studies of learning, which stage of an experiment is usually varied?

Describe how retrospective and prospective coding can be differentiated experimentally.

The difference between using beacons and landmarks to find a goal is that

The duration of spatial memory in rats appears

Compare retrospective coding to prospective coding. When is each used?

Optogenetic studies with mice have demonstrated that

In what order are stimuli usually presented in a delayed matching to sample task?

Steve is taught to work a difficult maze. The time it takes for him to work the maze is tested one day, three days, and ten days after training. This is likely a study of

Stimulus coding is primarily a task that occurs during

Doogie mice seem smarter because they show enhanced learning in a range of tests. The change that brings this about is

If a hamster in a radial maze is keeping in mind where it has been, it is using

The available evidence suggests that rats navigate correctly in radial arm mazes by

Which of the following can serve as a retrieval cue?

Bob asks you to come over to play video games. He tells you he lives right under the large green billboard visible from campus. To get to his house you must use

A Morris water maze

Which of the following is not an adaptive feature of forgetting?

Introduction

Elicited Behavior Habituation and Sensitization

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Instrumental Conditioning

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Averse Control

Comparative Cognition II

Filters