Question 1

Ethical standards for scientific research have been codified into a clearly defined list of do's and don'ts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

A professor doing research on deviant behavior asks the students in her classes to fill out an anonymous self-report questionnaire dealing with their use of alcohol and nonprescription drugs. In what way is this study ethically problematic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Studies of immoral behavior are inherently unethical. 
B)  Anonymity may not be sufficient to protect privacy. 
C)  Authorities may find out the names of the drug users and report them to the police. 
D)  Participation is not voluntary. 
A)  Studies of immoral behavior are inherently unethical. 
B)  Anonymity may not be sufficient to protect privacy. 
C)  Authorities may find out the names of the drug users and report them to the police. 
D)  Participation is not voluntary. D

Question 3

To prevent misconduct in conducting research and reporting findings, it is recommended that social scientists

Accepted Answer

A)  carry out more replications. 
B)  harshly punish dishonest researchers. 
C)  make teaching research ethics an integral part of graduate training and methods courses. 
D)  do background checks on all scientists who apply for research grants. 
A)  carry out more replications. 
B)  harshly punish dishonest researchers. 
C)  make teaching research ethics an integral part of graduate training and methods courses. 
D)  do background checks on all scientists who apply for research grants. C

Question 4

Research ethics pertain to all except which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  how research subjects should be treated 
B)  how research questions are selected 
C)  how data are collected, analyzed, and reported 
D)  how research results are used 
A)  how research subjects should be treated 
B)  how research questions are selected 
C)  how data are collected, analyzed, and reported 
D)  how research results are used

Question 5

What is the ethical obligation of scientists regarding data collection and analysis? Why is this critical to the advancement of science?

Accepted Answer

The ethical obligation of scientists reg

Question 6

Part of the application of this Belmont principle involves an assessment of potential risks.

Accepted Answer

A)  respect for persons 
B)  beneficence 
C)  justice 
D)  security 
A)  respect for persons 
B)  beneficence 
C)  justice 
D)  security

Question 7

Suppose a researcher undertakes a study with potentially harmful side effects. Thinking that prisoners have little to lose by participating in his research, he seeks volunteers from a state penitentiary. What Belmont principle would his selection of prisoners violate?

Accepted Answer

A)  respect for persons 
B)  beneficence 
C)  justice 
D)  security 
A)  respect for persons 
B)  beneficence 
C)  justice 
D)  security

Question 8

Data sharing allows others to verify findings through a reanalysis of the data.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Knowing the impact of values on the research process, social scientists should

Accepted Answer

A)  remain value-neutral with regard to what they study but speak out on the dissemination of their findings. 
B)  make sure their personal beliefs do not influence their interpretation of research findings. 
C)  not divulge their personal beliefs and values when reporting their research. 
D)  disseminate their findings to the widest possible audience. 
A)  remain value-neutral with regard to what they study but speak out on the dissemination of their findings. 
B)  make sure their personal beliefs do not influence their interpretation of research findings. 
C)  not divulge their personal beliefs and values when reporting their research. 
D)  disseminate their findings to the widest possible audience.

Question 10

In assessing research ethics, researchers often weigh the potential benefits of research against the possible costs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Institutional review boards (IRBs) exist at virtually every college and university in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Social scientists who promise confidentiality to their informants cannot be legally prosecuted for failing to divulge their data sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Debriefing

Accepted Answer

A)  should occur, ideally, in all studies with human participants. 
B)  should be relatively brief in deception experiments to minimize participants' discomfort from knowing they have been duped. 
C)  is an optional requirement in deception experiments. 
D)  should exclude information about the study that research participants may find unsettling. 
A)  should occur, ideally, in all studies with human participants. 
B)  should be relatively brief in deception experiments to minimize participants' discomfort from knowing they have been duped. 
C)  is an optional requirement in deception experiments. 
D)  should exclude information about the study that research participants may find unsettling.

Question 14

According to Howard Becker, the best way for individual researchers to deal with personal and political sympathies is to acknowledge whose side they are on.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

According to the textbook, the issue of potential harm

Accepted Answer

A)  rarely applies to social science research. 
B)  is limited to studies that threaten the physical health of research participants. 
C)  may occur in spite of researchers' best intentions. 
D)  is more easily identified in social research than in medical and biological research. 
A)  rarely applies to social science research. 
B)  is limited to studies that threaten the physical health of research participants. 
C)  may occur in spite of researchers' best intentions. 
D)  is more easily identified in social research than in medical and biological research.

Question 16

Milgram's shock experiment on obedience violated current ethical standards because he

Accepted Answer

A)  used potentially dangerous levels of electric shock. 
B)  failed to debrief his research participants. 
C)  misled participants about the true purpose of the experiment. 
D)  did not obtain participants' informed consent to be placed in a stressful, conflict situation. 
A)  used potentially dangerous levels of electric shock. 
B)  failed to debrief his research participants. 
C)  misled participants about the true purpose of the experiment. 
D)  did not obtain participants' informed consent to be placed in a stressful, conflict situation.

Question 17

The philosophical position underlying professional and federal ethical guidelines is that moral principles should allow no exceptions, no matter what the consequences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Most social scientists take the ethical position that

Accepted Answer

A)  the ends never justify the means. 
B)  the ethics of acts should be judged in relation to the ends they serve. 
C)  cost-benefit analyses are of no value in making ethical decisions. 
D)  one's subjects are ultimately responsible for deciding what is ethical. 
A)  the ends never justify the means. 
B)  the ethics of acts should be judged in relation to the ends they serve. 
C)  cost-benefit analyses are of no value in making ethical decisions. 
D)  one's subjects are ultimately responsible for deciding what is ethical.

Question 19

Potential harm in social research can be difficult to anticipate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

One means of protecting research participants' privacy is to get their reaction to a research report before it is made public.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Ethical standards for scientific research have been codified into a clearly defined list of do's and don'ts.

A professor doing research on deviant behavior asks the students in her classes to fill out an anonymous self-report questionnaire dealing with their use of alcohol and nonprescription drugs. In what way is this study ethically problematic?

To prevent misconduct in conducting research and reporting findings, it is recommended that social scientists

Research ethics pertain to all except which one of the following?

What is the ethical obligation of scientists regarding data collection and analysis? Why is this critical to the advancement of science?

Part of the application of this Belmont principle involves an assessment of potential risks.

Suppose a researcher undertakes a study with potentially harmful side effects. Thinking that prisoners have little to lose by participating in his research, he seeks volunteers from a state penitentiary. What Belmont principle would his selection of prisoners violate?

Data sharing allows others to verify findings through a reanalysis of the data.

Knowing the impact of values on the research process, social scientists should

In assessing research ethics, researchers often weigh the potential benefits of research against the possible costs.

Institutional review boards (IRBs) exist at virtually every college and university in the United States.

Social scientists who promise confidentiality to their informants cannot be legally prosecuted for failing to divulge their data sources.

Debriefing

According to Howard Becker, the best way for individual researchers to deal with personal and political sympathies is to acknowledge whose side they are on.

According to the textbook, the issue of potential harm

Milgram's shock experiment on obedience violated current ethical standards because he

The philosophical position underlying professional and federal ethical guidelines is that moral principles should allow no exceptions, no matter what the consequences.

Most social scientists take the ethical position that

Potential harm in social research can be difficult to anticipate.

One means of protecting research participants' privacy is to get their reaction to a research report before it is made public.

Introduction

The Nature of Science

Elements of Research Design

Measurement

Sampling

Experimentation

Experimental Designs

Survey Research

Survey Instrumentation

Field Research

Research Using Available Data

Multiple Methods

Data Processing and Elementary Data Analysis

Multivariate Analysis

Writing Research Reports

Filters

Exam 3: Research Ethics

Ethical standards for scientific research have been codified into a clearly defined list of do's and don'ts.

A professor doing research on deviant behavior asks the students in her classes to fill out an anonymous self-report questionnaire dealing with their use of alcohol and nonprescription drugs. In what way is this study ethically problematic?

To prevent misconduct in conducting research and reporting findings, it is recommended that social scientists

Research ethics pertain to all except which one of the following?

What is the ethical obligation of scientists regarding data collection and analysis? Why is this critical to the advancement of science?

Part of the application of this Belmont principle involves an assessment of potential risks.

Suppose a researcher undertakes a study with potentially harmful side effects. Thinking that prisoners have little to lose by participating in his research, he seeks volunteers from a state penitentiary. What Belmont principle would his selection of prisoners violate?

Data sharing allows others to verify findings through a reanalysis of the data.

Knowing the impact of values on the research process, social scientists should

In assessing research ethics, researchers often weigh the potential benefits of research against the possible costs.

Institutional review boards (IRBs) exist at virtually every college and university in the United States.

Social scientists who promise confidentiality to their informants cannot be legally prosecuted for failing to divulge their data sources.

Debriefing

According to Howard Becker, the best way for individual researchers to deal with personal and political sympathies is to acknowledge whose side they are on.

According to the textbook, the issue of potential harm

Milgram's shock experiment on obedience violated current ethical standards because he

The philosophical position underlying professional and federal ethical guidelines is that moral principles should allow no exceptions, no matter what the consequences.

Most social scientists take the ethical position that

Potential harm in social research can be difficult to anticipate.

One means of protecting research participants' privacy is to get their reaction to a research report before it is made public.

Introduction

The Nature of Science

Elements of Research Design

Measurement

Sampling

Experimentation

Experimental Designs

Survey Research

Survey Instrumentation

Field Research

Research Using Available Data

Multiple Methods

Data Processing and Elementary Data Analysis

Multivariate Analysis

Writing Research Reports

Filters