Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Before you attempt to change your time management skills, you should ________.

In a study employing naturalistic observation, a researcher would be most likely to do which of the following?

A primary challenge of the technique called introspection that was favored by structuralists is that it cannot ________.

What are explicit statements describing how each variable will be observed, manipulated, and measured?

Behaviorists were different conceptually from earlier psychologists and ________.

Which theory of personality is associated with the belief that the unconscious mind has an influence on one's behavior?

Charles Darwin's principle of an evolutionary process in which heritable traits that increase an organism's chance of survival and reproduction are more likely to be passed on to succeeding generations is called ________.

Claims that are based on common beliefs, folk wisdom, or superstition are examples of ________.

In an experiment studying whether eating sugar influences children's ability to focus their attention on a problem-solving task, the group of children given sugar is referred to as the ________.

Which term refers to the fact that research findings that were long-accepted as valid and accurate have not been repeated with subsequent studies?

Which of the following best describes the humanistic perspective?

Imagine that you are a psychologist. Describe ethical considerations for human participants in research studies, as well as the benefits, limitations, and ethical considerations for animal research. Then, describe what you would tell a therapy client about what she can expect with regard to your maintaining her confidentiality. Finally, state the possible consequences of violating ethical standards in psychology.

If a researcher observes a positive correlation between stress and having a significant health event like a heart attack, what can the researcher conclude?

________ variables are manipulated by researchers; ________ variables are only measured.

Which behaviorist was convinced that behavior could be "shaped"?

The plus or minus sign that appears in a correlational coefficient gives you information about the ________ of the relationship between variables.

Jill believes that she can predict an individual's personality simply by referring back to the position of the stars on the day the individual was born. Her beliefs capture the essence of ________.

What type of psychologist would study the processes students go through in committing to memory information from a textbook?

Because research in the United States has demonstrated that adolescents are not very respectful to the elderly, Sara concludes that all adolescents everywhere in the world are disrespectful to the elderly. This is an example of ________.

Which of the following is an important reason why many of Freud's concepts are seen as controversial?