Question 1

What does oceanic lithosphere consist of?

Accepted Answer

A)  basalt on top of peridotite 
B)  only basalt 
C)  only peridotite 
D)  basalt and peridotite in layers of variable thickness, in some places above, in others below 
E)  partly basalt and partly granite 
A)  basalt on top of peridotite 
B)  only basalt 
C)  only peridotite 
D)  basalt and peridotite in layers of variable thickness, in some places above, in others below 
E)  partly basalt and partly granite A

Question 2

The San Andreas Fault is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a normal fault. 
B)  the subduction zone bordering the Pacific Plate. 
C)  a rift zone running the length of California. 
D)  a reverse fault. 
E)  a transform fault. 
A)  a normal fault. 
B)  the subduction zone bordering the Pacific Plate. 
C)  a rift zone running the length of California. 
D)  a reverse fault. 
E)  a transform fault. E

Question 3

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mantle is denser than the lithosphere. 
B)  The lithosphere is denser than the mantle. 
C)  The asthenosphere is the more rigid equivalent of the mantle. 
D)  The asthenosphere is the more plastic part of the mantle. 
E)  The mantle is everywhere more rigid than the crust. 
A)  The mantle is denser than the lithosphere. 
B)  The lithosphere is denser than the mantle. 
C)  The asthenosphere is the more rigid equivalent of the mantle. 
D)  The asthenosphere is the more plastic part of the mantle. 
E)  The mantle is everywhere more rigid than the crust. D

Question 4

What is a transform fault characterized by?

Accepted Answer

A)  lithospheric plates sliding past each other 
B)  the movement of one plate over another 
C)  the movement of plates away from each other 
D)  the movement of one plate down against another 
E)  earthquakes but no plate movement 
A)  lithospheric plates sliding past each other 
B)  the movement of one plate over another 
C)  the movement of plates away from each other 
D)  the movement of one plate down against another 
E)  earthquakes but no plate movement

Question 5

List the three main tectonic environments for large earthquakes in western North America and name a specific example of each.

Accepted Answer

Tectonic environment Name or s

Question 6

Along which type of lithospheric plate boundaries are earthquakes common?

Accepted Answer

A)  only convergent (subduction zones) 
B)  only divergent (spreading zones) 
C)  only transform 
D)  only divergent and transform 
E)  convergent, divergent, and transform 
A)  only convergent (subduction zones) 
B)  only divergent (spreading zones) 
C)  only transform 
D)  only divergent and transform 
E)  convergent, divergent, and transform

Question 7

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Earth's crust is denser than the mantle. 
B)  Earth's crust is thicker than the mantle. 
C)  Earth's crust is part of the asthenosphere and equivalent to it in composition. 
D)  Earth's crust is part of the mantle and forms the upper part of it. 
E)  Earth's crust is less dense than the mantle. 
A)  Earth's crust is denser than the mantle. 
B)  Earth's crust is thicker than the mantle. 
C)  Earth's crust is part of the asthenosphere and equivalent to it in composition. 
D)  Earth's crust is part of the mantle and forms the upper part of it. 
E)  Earth's crust is less dense than the mantle.

Question 8

In the line of arc volcanoes,like the Cascades of Washington and Oregon,over an active subduction zone,a series of events leads to the magmas that erupt at the surface.What magma forms first,and where and how does it form?

Accepted Answer

Basalt magma forms at (just ab

Question 9

Along which type(s)of lithospheric plate boundary are basalt-flow eruptions abundant? Provide a real example (name or location).

Accepted Answer

Spreading

Question 10

Distinguish between Earth's lithosphere and asthenosphere in terms of both location and properties.

Accepted Answer

The lithosphere over

Question 11

In what tectonic environment that is not at a plate boundary are major volcanoes found? Identify one of these in an ocean basin and one on a continent.

Accepted Answer

Hotspots or mantle p

Question 12

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oceanic rift zones are found only in the center of the oceans. 
B)  Rift zones are found only in the ocean basins. 
C)  Rift zones are areas where oceanic crust is formed. 
D)  Rift zones are the oldest parts of the oceanic crust. 
E)  Rift zones mark the boundaries between oceanic and continental crust. 
A)  Oceanic rift zones are found only in the center of the oceans. 
B)  Rift zones are found only in the ocean basins. 
C)  Rift zones are areas where oceanic crust is formed. 
D)  Rift zones are the oldest parts of the oceanic crust. 
E)  Rift zones mark the boundaries between oceanic and continental crust.

Question 13

Why do the Hawaiian Islands form a chain of volcanoes?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mantle below flows slowly to the east, creating new volcanoes as it goes. 
B)  The Hawaiian Islands are not part of a chain. They are over a stationary hotspot in the lithosphere. 
C)  The crack in the lithosphere is progressively splitting eastward, permitting magma to rise along a line. 
D)  The top of the basalt plume in the deep mantle is dragged eastward by moving lithosphere. 
E)  The lithosphere carrying Hawaii slowly moves over a hotspot feeding basalt magma to the overlying volcano. 
A)  The mantle below flows slowly to the east, creating new volcanoes as it goes. 
B)  The Hawaiian Islands are not part of a chain. They are over a stationary hotspot in the lithosphere. 
C)  The crack in the lithosphere is progressively splitting eastward, permitting magma to rise along a line. 
D)  The top of the basalt plume in the deep mantle is dragged eastward by moving lithosphere. 
E)  The lithosphere carrying Hawaii slowly moves over a hotspot feeding basalt magma to the overlying volcano.

Question 14

What was the primary reason why Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift was rejected?

Accepted Answer

He had no mechanism

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Subduction zones are areas where ocean floor descends into the mantle. 
B)  Subduction zone activity includes very large earthquakes. 
C)  Subduction zone activity leads to active volcanoes. 
D)  Subduction zones are areas where ocean floor rocks are formed. 
E)  Subduction zones are marked as the deepest parts of the oceans. 
A)  Subduction zones are areas where ocean floor descends into the mantle. 
B)  Subduction zone activity includes very large earthquakes. 
C)  Subduction zone activity leads to active volcanoes. 
D)  Subduction zones are areas where ocean floor rocks are formed. 
E)  Subduction zones are marked as the deepest parts of the oceans.

Question 16

Before people understood plate tectonics,what evidence led some scientists to believe in continental drift?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rocks on the ocean floor are oldest in the center, becoming progressively younger toward each continent. 
B)  Rocks on the continents can be traced through the ocean floor to the other side. 
C)  Anthropologists have found human carvings in Africa that match those in Brazil. 
D)  Glaciers near the mouth of the Amazon River in Brazil carried distinctive rocks into South Africa, demonstrating that those countries were once connected. 
E)  Ages of bedrock formations match across the Atlantic Ocean. 
A)  Rocks on the ocean floor are oldest in the center, becoming progressively younger toward each continent. 
B)  Rocks on the continents can be traced through the ocean floor to the other side. 
C)  Anthropologists have found human carvings in Africa that match those in Brazil. 
D)  Glaciers near the mouth of the Amazon River in Brazil carried distinctive rocks into South Africa, demonstrating that those countries were once connected. 
E)  Ages of bedrock formations match across the Atlantic Ocean.

Question 17

How does rhyolite magma form in the line of arc volcanoes like the Cascades?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rhyolite is not found in the Cascades volcanoes. 
B)  Basalt magma rising from above the subducted slab rises to melt continental crust to form the rhyolite. 
C)  The subducted slab gets hot enough at depth that it melts to form rhyolite. 
D)  Friction at the top of the subducted slab heats the mantle to form rhyolite. 
E)  Water rising from the subducted slab causes melting of the Earth's mantle to form rhyolite. 
A)  Rhyolite is not found in the Cascades volcanoes. 
B)  Basalt magma rising from above the subducted slab rises to melt continental crust to form the rhyolite. 
C)  The subducted slab gets hot enough at depth that it melts to form rhyolite. 
D)  Friction at the top of the subducted slab heats the mantle to form rhyolite. 
E)  Water rising from the subducted slab causes melting of the Earth's mantle to form rhyolite.

Question 18

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transform faults show dominantly vertical movement. 
B)  Transform faults are only in the ocean basins. 
C)  Transform faults are areas of spreading and new crustal generation. 
D)  Transform faults change with time from horizontal to vertical motion. 
E)  Transform fault motion typically ends abruptly at both ends. 
A)  Transform faults show dominantly vertical movement. 
B)  Transform faults are only in the ocean basins. 
C)  Transform faults are areas of spreading and new crustal generation. 
D)  Transform faults change with time from horizontal to vertical motion. 
E)  Transform fault motion typically ends abruptly at both ends.

Question 19

Do tectonic plates consist of crust,mantle,or some combination of crust and mantle,and if so,what part or parts of each?

Accepted Answer

All of the

Question 20

Discuss the evidence that proves that continental drift exists.

Accepted Answer

Similar fossil life forms,ancient rocks,

What does oceanic lithosphere consist of?

The San Andreas Fault is:

Which of the following is true?

What is a transform fault characterized by?

List the three main tectonic environments for large earthquakes in western North America and name a specific example of each.

Along which type of lithospheric plate boundaries are earthquakes common?

Which of the following is true?

In the line of arc volcanoes,like the Cascades of Washington and Oregon,over an active subduction zone,a series of events leads to the magmas that erupt at the surface.What magma forms first,and where and how does it form?

Along which type(s)of lithospheric plate boundary are basalt-flow eruptions abundant? Provide a real example (name or location).

Distinguish between Earth's lithosphere and asthenosphere in terms of both location and properties.

In what tectonic environment that is not at a plate boundary are major volcanoes found? Identify one of these in an ocean basin and one on a continent.

Which of the following is true?

Why do the Hawaiian Islands form a chain of volcanoes?

What was the primary reason why Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift was rejected?

Which of the following is NOT true?

Before people understood plate tectonics,what evidence led some scientists to believe in continental drift?

How does rhyolite magma form in the line of arc volcanoes like the Cascades?

Which of the following is true?

Do tectonic plates consist of crust,mantle,or some combination of crust and mantle,and if so,what part or parts of each?

Discuss the evidence that proves that continental drift exists.

Natural Hazards and Disasters

Earthquakes and Their Causes

Earthquake Prediction and Mitigation

Tsunami

Volcanoes: Tectonic Environments and Eruptions

Volcanoes: Hazards and Mitigation

Landslides and Other Downslope Movements

Sinkholes, Land Subsidence, and Swelling Soils

Weather, Thunderstorms, And Tornadoes

Climate Change

Streams And Flood Processes

Floods And Human Interactions

Waves,Beaches,And Coastal Erosion

Hurricanes and Nor’easters

Wildfires

Impact of Asteroids and Comets

The Future: Where Do We Go From Here?

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Exam 2: Plate Tectonics and Physical Hazards

What does oceanic lithosphere consist of?

The San Andreas Fault is:

Which of the following is true?

What is a transform fault characterized by?

List the three main tectonic environments for large earthquakes in western North America and name a specific example of each.

Along which type of lithospheric plate boundaries are earthquakes common?

Which of the following is true?

In the line of arc volcanoes,like the Cascades of Washington and Oregon,over an active subduction zone,a series of events leads to the magmas that erupt at the surface.What magma forms first,and where and how does it form?

Along which type(s)of lithospheric plate boundary are basalt-flow eruptions abundant? Provide a real example (name or location).

Distinguish between Earth's lithosphere and asthenosphere in terms of both location and properties.

In what tectonic environment that is not at a plate boundary are major volcanoes found? Identify one of these in an ocean basin and one on a continent.

Which of the following is true?

Why do the Hawaiian Islands form a chain of volcanoes?

What was the primary reason why Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift was rejected?

Which of the following is NOT true?

Before people understood plate tectonics,what evidence led some scientists to believe in continental drift?

How does rhyolite magma form in the line of arc volcanoes like the Cascades?

Which of the following is true?

Do tectonic plates consist of crust,mantle,or some combination of crust and mantle,and if so,what part or parts of each?

Discuss the evidence that proves that continental drift exists.

Natural Hazards and Disasters

Earthquakes and Their Causes

Earthquake Prediction and Mitigation

Tsunami

Volcanoes: Tectonic Environments and Eruptions

Volcanoes: Hazards and Mitigation

Landslides and Other Downslope Movements

Sinkholes, Land Subsidence, and Swelling Soils

Weather, Thunderstorms, And Tornadoes

Climate Change

Streams And Flood Processes

Floods And Human Interactions

Waves,Beaches,And Coastal Erosion

Hurricanes and Nor’easters

Wildfires

Impact of Asteroids and Comets

The Future: Where Do We Go From Here?

Filters