Question 1

How does evapotranspiration work? List the main aspects.

Accepted Answer

Rain falling on leaves or needles evaporates before reaching the ground.Roots take in water from the soil,convey it to the leaves or needles,and transpire it to the atmosphere.

Question 2

Why does swelling clay swell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Landsliding pushes the edges of the grains, so they buckle and thicken. 
B)  Freezing causes the water in them to swell. 
C)  Water gets into the clay layers, spreading them apart. 
D)  Drying the clay makes it swell like cooking a cake. 
E)  Deformation of grains during sliding interleaves clay flakes, making them thicker. 
A)  Landsliding pushes the edges of the grains, so they buckle and thicken. 
B)  Freezing causes the water in them to swell. 
C)  Water gets into the clay layers, spreading them apart. 
D)  Drying the clay makes it swell like cooking a cake. 
E)  Deformation of grains during sliding interleaves clay flakes, making them thicker. C

Question 3

What CANNOT be used to recognize the action of soil creep?

Accepted Answer

A)  tree trunks that bend out from a slope before curving up 
B)  fences that lean downslope 
C)  walls that lean downslope 
D)  fragments of rocks that clearly came from farther upslope 
E)  bedrock layers that curve downslope as they approach the surface 
A)  tree trunks that bend out from a slope before curving up 
B)  fences that lean downslope 
C)  walls that lean downslope 
D)  fragments of rocks that clearly came from farther upslope 
E)  bedrock layers that curve downslope as they approach the surface D

Question 4

What material is subject to liquefaction?

Accepted Answer

Water-satu

Question 5

Which slope material is most likely to move as a translational slide?

Accepted Answer

A)  homogeneous, cohesive materials 
B)  a raised terrace of old beach sediments 
C)  moist soil 300 meters thick 
D)  3 meter thick soil over bedrock 
E)  deeply weathered granite rich in clays 
A)  homogeneous, cohesive materials 
B)  a raised terrace of old beach sediments 
C)  moist soil 300 meters thick 
D)  3 meter thick soil over bedrock 
E)  deeply weathered granite rich in clays

Question 6

What is a daylighted surface or layer?

Accepted Answer

A)  a weak layer, sloping down toward a road cut or hillside at a somewhat gentler slope than the hillside 
B)  a part of the bedrock that is exposed at the surface 
C)  a layer that becomes exposed by excavation of a road cut 
D)  a layer that becomes exposed at the surface by artificial removal of soil over it 
E)  a layer exposed at the surface by landsliding 
A)  a weak layer, sloping down toward a road cut or hillside at a somewhat gentler slope than the hillside 
B)  a part of the bedrock that is exposed at the surface 
C)  a layer that becomes exposed by excavation of a road cut 
D)  a layer that becomes exposed at the surface by artificial removal of soil over it 
E)  a layer exposed at the surface by landsliding

Question 7

Old landslides are NOT normally reactivated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  adding water. 
B)  earthquakes. 
C)  steepening the slope by removing material at the lower part of the slope. 
D)  steepening the slope by adding material at the upper part of the slope. 
E)  piling heavy rocks on the lower part of the slope. 
A)  adding water. 
B)  earthquakes. 
C)  steepening the slope by removing material at the lower part of the slope. 
D)  steepening the slope by adding material at the upper part of the slope. 
E)  piling heavy rocks on the lower part of the slope.

Question 8

Why do some slopes fail in a rotational slump rather than a translational slide?

Accepted Answer

Slumps occur in relatively hom

Question 9

What conditions make smectite clay extremely weak?

Accepted Answer

Wet condit

Question 10

For a rockfall,what two factors lead to a greater distance of travel of the moving debris?

Accepted Answer

A)  more water in the mass and release promoted by freezing 
B)  greater height of fall and a block that is not too angular 
C)  greater size of the falling mass and smaller particles 
D)  greater height of fall of the mass and greater volume of the falling mass 
E)  greater height of fall and higher clay content 
A)  more water in the mass and release promoted by freezing 
B)  greater height of fall and a block that is not too angular 
C)  greater size of the falling mass and smaller particles 
D)  greater height of fall of the mass and greater volume of the falling mass 
E)  greater height of fall and higher clay content

Question 11

Where are quick clays most common?

Accepted Answer

A)  Northern coasts-Alaska, Canada, northern Europe 
B)  Tropical areas-Central America, Brazil, Africa 
C)  U.S. Gulf Coast-Texas through Florida 
D)  Coastal cliffs of California 
E)  Rocky Mountains of Colorado 
A)  Northern coasts-Alaska, Canada, northern Europe 
B)  Tropical areas-Central America, Brazil, Africa 
C)  U.S. Gulf Coast-Texas through Florida 
D)  Coastal cliffs of California 
E)  Rocky Mountains of Colorado

Question 12

Which of the following states is NOT susceptible to landslides?

Accepted Answer

A)  Florida 
B)  Colorado 
C)  Montana 
D)  Pennsylvania 
E)  Texas 
A)  Florida 
B)  Colorado 
C)  Montana 
D)  Pennsylvania 
E)  Texas

Question 13

What three methods can be used to minimize damage from rockfalls?

Accepted Answer

Rockbolts,coating wi

Question 14

What major factor does NOT control the maximum height of water downstream from failure of a dam?

Accepted Answer

A)  water height behind the dam 
B)  volume of water 
C)  distance downstream from the dam 
D)  width of the valley 
E)  length of the reservoir upstream of the dam 
A)  water height behind the dam 
B)  volume of water 
C)  distance downstream from the dam 
D)  width of the valley 
E)  length of the reservoir upstream of the dam

Question 15

Why does earthquake shaking of water-saturated sand often lead to ground settling?

Accepted Answer

A)  The shaking of sand leads to closer packing of the grains. 
B)  The shaking wears off the edges of the grains making them smaller. 
C)  The shaking makes the grains settle in the water. 
D)  It doesn't. Settling only occurs if you pump water out of the ground. 
E)  Shaking rearranges the atoms in the grains, allowing them to fit closer together. 
A)  The shaking of sand leads to closer packing of the grains. 
B)  The shaking wears off the edges of the grains making them smaller. 
C)  The shaking makes the grains settle in the water. 
D)  It doesn't. Settling only occurs if you pump water out of the ground. 
E)  Shaking rearranges the atoms in the grains, allowing them to fit closer together.

Question 16

Why does raising the groundwater level often lead to slope failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  It lubricates the ground, making it slide easier. 
B)  It creates a layer of water that the slope slides on. 
C)  It increases the water pressure in the pore spaces between the grains, pushing them farther apart. 
D)  When the ground freezes, the water turns to ice, making it slide easily. 
E)  The water seeps out of the ground, and the slope above slides on it. 
A)  It lubricates the ground, making it slide easier. 
B)  It creates a layer of water that the slope slides on. 
C)  It increases the water pressure in the pore spaces between the grains, pushing them farther apart. 
D)  When the ground freezes, the water turns to ice, making it slide easily. 
E)  The water seeps out of the ground, and the slope above slides on it.

Question 17

One way in which water CANNOT be removed from a wet slope that may slide is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  plant trees and shrubs to increase evapotranspiration. 
B)  insert perforated pipes into the slope to help drain it. 
C)  dig a trench across a slope and fill it with loose, coarse rock to permit drainage. 
D)  pump water out from a well. 
E)  place a load on the slope to squeeze water out of it. 
A)  plant trees and shrubs to increase evapotranspiration. 
B)  insert perforated pipes into the slope to help drain it. 
C)  dig a trench across a slope and fill it with loose, coarse rock to permit drainage. 
D)  pump water out from a well. 
E)  place a load on the slope to squeeze water out of it.

Question 18

What kind of material is most likely to fall in a rotational slide?

Accepted Answer

A)  homogeneous, cohesive materials 
B)  rounded sand grains in the slope 
C)  elongated boulders with smoothly rounded sides 
D)  loose, dry soils 
E)  talus slopes 
A)  homogeneous, cohesive materials 
B)  rounded sand grains in the slope 
C)  elongated boulders with smoothly rounded sides 
D)  loose, dry soils 
E)  talus slopes

Question 19

What orientation of rock layers or fractures in a hillside or road cut is particularly dangerous? Why?

Accepted Answer

Layers dipping at a gentler an

Question 20

What is the arrangement of clay grains after their rearrangement during quick-clay movement?

Accepted Answer

The flakes lie flat,

How does evapotranspiration work? List the main aspects.

Why does swelling clay swell?

What CANNOT be used to recognize the action of soil creep?

What material is subject to liquefaction?

Which slope material is most likely to move as a translational slide?

What is a daylighted surface or layer?

Old landslides are NOT normally reactivated by:

Why do some slopes fail in a rotational slump rather than a translational slide?

What conditions make smectite clay extremely weak?

For a rockfall,what two factors lead to a greater distance of travel of the moving debris?

Where are quick clays most common?

Which of the following states is NOT susceptible to landslides?

What three methods can be used to minimize damage from rockfalls?

What major factor does NOT control the maximum height of water downstream from failure of a dam?

Why does earthquake shaking of water-saturated sand often lead to ground settling?

Why does raising the groundwater level often lead to slope failure?

One way in which water CANNOT be removed from a wet slope that may slide is to:

What kind of material is most likely to fall in a rotational slide?

What orientation of rock layers or fractures in a hillside or road cut is particularly dangerous? Why?

What is the arrangement of clay grains after their rearrangement during quick-clay movement?

Natural Hazards and Disasters

Plate Tectonics and Physical Hazards

Earthquakes and Their Causes

Earthquake Prediction and Mitigation

Tsunami

Volcanoes: Tectonic Environments and Eruptions

Volcanoes: Hazards and Mitigation

Sinkholes, Land Subsidence, and Swelling Soils

Weather, Thunderstorms, And Tornadoes

Climate Change

Streams And Flood Processes

Floods And Human Interactions

Waves,Beaches,And Coastal Erosion

Hurricanes and Nor’easters

Wildfires

Impact of Asteroids and Comets

The Future: Where Do We Go From Here?

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Exam 8: Landslides and Other Downslope Movements

How does evapotranspiration work? List the main aspects.

Why does swelling clay swell?

What CANNOT be used to recognize the action of soil creep?

What material is subject to liquefaction?

Which slope material is most likely to move as a translational slide?

What is a daylighted surface or layer?

Old landslides are NOT normally reactivated by:

Why do some slopes fail in a rotational slump rather than a translational slide?

What conditions make smectite clay extremely weak?

For a rockfall,what two factors lead to a greater distance of travel of the moving debris?

Where are quick clays most common?

Which of the following states is NOT susceptible to landslides?

What three methods can be used to minimize damage from rockfalls?

What major factor does NOT control the maximum height of water downstream from failure of a dam?

Why does earthquake shaking of water-saturated sand often lead to ground settling?

Why does raising the groundwater level often lead to slope failure?

One way in which water CANNOT be removed from a wet slope that may slide is to:

What kind of material is most likely to fall in a rotational slide?

What orientation of rock layers or fractures in a hillside or road cut is particularly dangerous? Why?

What is the arrangement of clay grains after their rearrangement during quick-clay movement?

Natural Hazards and Disasters

Plate Tectonics and Physical Hazards

Earthquakes and Their Causes

Earthquake Prediction and Mitigation

Tsunami

Volcanoes: Tectonic Environments and Eruptions

Volcanoes: Hazards and Mitigation

Sinkholes, Land Subsidence, and Swelling Soils

Weather, Thunderstorms, And Tornadoes

Climate Change

Streams And Flood Processes

Floods And Human Interactions

Waves,Beaches,And Coastal Erosion

Hurricanes and Nor’easters

Wildfires

Impact of Asteroids and Comets

The Future: Where Do We Go From Here?

Filters