Question 1

ob/ob mice are lacking this protein, causing them to become very obese:

Accepted Answer

A) Cholecystokinin" 
B) Leptin" 
C) Ghrelin" 
D) Insulin" 
A) Cholecystokinin" 
B) Leptin" 
C) Ghrelin" 
D) Insulin"

Question 2

The central nucleus of the amygdala is critical in communication with which brain structure?

Accepted Answer

A) The cortex" 
B) The hypothalamus" 
C) The hippocampus" 
D) The thalamus" 
A) The cortex" 
B) The hypothalamus" 
C) The hippocampus" 
D) The thalamus"

Question 3

Animals that have dopamine ___________ injected into the nucleus accumbens do not learn to self-stimulate.

Accepted Answer

A) Neurotransmitters" 
B) Antagonists" 
C) Vesicles" 
D) Receptors" 
A) Neurotransmitters" 
B) Antagonists" 
C) Vesicles" 
D) Receptors"

Question 4

Which brain structure is primarily involved with many behaviors and motivations, including autonomic, neuroendocrine and behavioral responses?

Accepted Answer

A) The hippocampus" 
B) The thalamus" 
C) The amygdala" 
D) The hypothalamus" 
A) The hippocampus" 
B) The thalamus" 
C) The amygdala" 
D) The hypothalamus"

Question 5

In the case study of the woman with Parkinson's disease who was treated with dopamine-enhancing medications, what negative side-effects began to emerge?

Accepted Answer

A) Addictions to illicit substances she had previously never used" 
B) Compulsive gambling, compulsive shopping, and hypersexuality" 
C) Fever, nausea, and extreme anxiety" 
D) The inability to feel pleasure and a depressed mood" 
A) Addictions to illicit substances she had previously never used" 
B) Compulsive gambling, compulsive shopping, and hypersexuality" 
C) Fever, nausea, and extreme anxiety" 
D) The inability to feel pleasure and a depressed mood"

Question 6

Rewards that do not directly influence the homeostatic or allostatic needs of an individual are called:

Accepted Answer

A) Primary rewards" 
B) Aversive rewards" 
C) Secondary rewards" 
D) Reinforcers" 
A) Primary rewards" 
B) Aversive rewards" 
C) Secondary rewards" 
D) Reinforcers"

Question 7

If an animal is presented with an unexpected reward, there will be a sudden spike in which neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A) Acetylcholine" 
B) Serotonin" 
C) Dopamine" 
D) GABA" 
A) Acetylcholine" 
B) Serotonin" 
C) Dopamine" 
D) GABA"

Question 8

Learning requires _____ of available rewards.

Accepted Answer

A) Acquisition" 
B) Prediction" 
C) Awareness" 
D) Memorization" 
A) Acquisition" 
B) Prediction" 
C) Awareness" 
D) Memorization"

Question 9

Why might so many powerful drugs stem from plants?

Accepted Answer

Many powerful drugs stem from plants due

Question 10

What consequence may no longer be a deterrent after becoming addicted to a substance?

Accepted Answer

A) Imprisonment" 
B) Job loss" 
C) Risk of disease" 
D) All of the above" 
A) Imprisonment" 
B) Job loss" 
C) Risk of disease" 
D) All of the above"

Question 11

These are released during the body's response to stress:

Accepted Answer

A) Neuropeptides" 
B) Glucocorticoid hormones" 
C) Enkephalins" 
D) Dynorphins" 
A) Neuropeptides" 
B) Glucocorticoid hormones" 
C) Enkephalins" 
D) Dynorphins"

Question 12

If a person has been free from heroin use for 6 or more months, they are very unlikely to ever experience a relapse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Why do lesions to the anterior insula help a nicotine addict quit smoking?

Accepted Answer

A) The insula no longer produces feelings of enjoyment" 
B) The connection between the insula and cortex is severed" 
C) The insula is unable to tell the brain that it ""needs"" nicotine" 
D) The insula is unable to produce opioid receptors" 
A) The insula no longer produces feelings of enjoyment" 
B) The connection between the insula and cortex is severed" 
C) The insula is unable to tell the brain that it ""needs"" nicotine" 
D) The insula is unable to produce opioid receptors"

Question 14

What percentage of those addicted to nicotine actually manage to quit each year?

Accepted Answer

A) 30%" 
B) 5%" 
C) 20%" 
D) 15%" 
A) 30%" 
B) 5%" 
C) 20%" 
D) 15%"

Question 15

Which neurotransmitter is critical to motivation, reward, and learning?

Accepted Answer

A) Norepinephrine" 
B) Serotonin" 
C) Dopamine" 
D) GABA" 
A) Norepinephrine" 
B) Serotonin" 
C) Dopamine" 
D) GABA"

Question 16

How is the opioid system distributed in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) It is concentrated in the amygdala" 
B) It is distributed across the entire central nervous system" 
C) It is distributed evenly throughout the midbrain" 
D) It is concentrated in the cortex" 
A) It is concentrated in the amygdala" 
B) It is distributed across the entire central nervous system" 
C) It is distributed evenly throughout the midbrain" 
D) It is concentrated in the cortex"

Question 17

Many basic drives are about keeping the body's state in balance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Rewards are key to:

Accepted Answer

A) Increasing desired behavior" 
B) Survival" 
C) Learning" 
D) All of the above" 
A) Increasing desired behavior" 
B) Survival" 
C) Learning" 
D) All of the above"

Question 19

Enkephalins, dynorphins, and beta-endorphins are all types of:

Accepted Answer

A) Antidepressants" 
B) Opioid neurotransmitters" 
C) Synthetic opioids" 
D) Morphine derivatives" 
A) Antidepressants" 
B) Opioid neurotransmitters" 
C) Synthetic opioids" 
D) Morphine derivatives"

Question 20

Why is it that seemingly more, greater, or better rewards never seem to really make people happy?

Accepted Answer

A) Our dopamine levels max out and new rewards do not give us the feeling of pleasure that we expect" 
B) Only primary rewards (food, water, sexual experiences)can really give people pleasure" 
C) Only experiences, and not material goods, bring people to high levels of happiness" 
D) Our expectations rise along with our achievements/possessions" 
A) Our dopamine levels max out and new rewards do not give us the feeling of pleasure that we expect" 
B) Only primary rewards (food, water, sexual experiences)can really give people pleasure" 
C) Only experiences, and not material goods, bring people to high levels of happiness" 
D) Our expectations rise along with our achievements/possessions"

ob/ob mice are lacking this protein, causing them to become very obese:

The central nucleus of the amygdala is critical in communication with which brain structure?

Animals that have dopamine ___________ injected into the nucleus accumbens do not learn to self-stimulate.

Which brain structure is primarily involved with many behaviors and motivations, including autonomic, neuroendocrine and behavioral responses?

In the case study of the woman with Parkinson's disease who was treated with dopamine-enhancing medications, what negative side-effects began to emerge?

Rewards that do not directly influence the homeostatic or allostatic needs of an individual are called:

If an animal is presented with an unexpected reward, there will be a sudden spike in which neurotransmitter?

Learning requires _____ of available rewards.

Why might so many powerful drugs stem from plants?

What consequence may no longer be a deterrent after becoming addicted to a substance?

These are released during the body's response to stress:

If a person has been free from heroin use for 6 or more months, they are very unlikely to ever experience a relapse.

Why do lesions to the anterior insula help a nicotine addict quit smoking?

What percentage of those addicted to nicotine actually manage to quit each year?

Which neurotransmitter is critical to motivation, reward, and learning?

How is the opioid system distributed in the body?

Many basic drives are about keeping the body's state in balance.

Rewards are key to:

Enkephalins, dynorphins, and beta-endorphins are all types of:

Why is it that seemingly more, greater, or better rewards never seem to really make people happy?

Online Practice Questions

The Brain and Nervous System

Neurons and Synapses

Neuroplasticity

Vision

Other Senses

The Motor System

Attention and Consciousness

Memory

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Language and Lateralization

Decision Making

Emotions

Social Cognition

Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

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Exam 14: Motivation and Reward

ob/ob mice are lacking this protein, causing them to become very obese:

The central nucleus of the amygdala is critical in communication with which brain structure?

Animals that have dopamine ___________ injected into the nucleus accumbens do not learn to self-stimulate.

Which brain structure is primarily involved with many behaviors and motivations, including autonomic, neuroendocrine and behavioral responses?

In the case study of the woman with Parkinson's disease who was treated with dopamine-enhancing medications, what negative side-effects began to emerge?

Rewards that do not directly influence the homeostatic or allostatic needs of an individual are called:

If an animal is presented with an unexpected reward, there will be a sudden spike in which neurotransmitter?

Learning requires _____ of available rewards.

Why might so many powerful drugs stem from plants?

What consequence may no longer be a deterrent after becoming addicted to a substance?

These are released during the body's response to stress:

If a person has been free from heroin use for 6 or more months, they are very unlikely to ever experience a relapse.

Why do lesions to the anterior insula help a nicotine addict quit smoking?

What percentage of those addicted to nicotine actually manage to quit each year?

Which neurotransmitter is critical to motivation, reward, and learning?

How is the opioid system distributed in the body?

Many basic drives are about keeping the body's state in balance.

Rewards are key to:

Enkephalins, dynorphins, and beta-endorphins are all types of:

Why is it that seemingly more, greater, or better rewards never seem to really make people happy?

Online Practice Questions

The Brain and Nervous System

Neurons and Synapses

Neuroplasticity

Vision

Other Senses

The Motor System

Attention and Consciousness

Memory

Sleep

Language and Lateralization

Decision Making

Emotions

Social Cognition

Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Filters