Question 1

Given the ordinary laws of statistics, incredible coincidences are…

Accepted Answer

A)  Always evidence of causal connections 
B)  Evidence of the paranormal 
C)  Impossible 
D)  Common and must occur 
A)  Always evidence of causal connections 
B)  Evidence of the paranormal 
C)  Impossible 
D)  Common and must occur

Question 2

Mill's (modified) Method of Difference says that the relevant factor present when a phenomenon occurs and absent when the phenomenon does not occur…

Accepted Answer

A)  Is irrelevant 
B)  Must be the cause 
C)  Makes no difference 
D)  Cannot be the cause 
A)  Is irrelevant 
B)  Must be the cause 
C)  Makes no difference 
D)  Cannot be the cause

Question 3

A modified version of Mill's Method of Agreement says that if two or more occurrences of a phenomenon have only one relevant factor in common, …

Accepted Answer

A)  The occurrence is acausal 
B)  The occurrence has two causes 
C)  That factor must be the cause 
D)  That factor can be discounted 
A)  The occurrence is acausal 
B)  The occurrence has two causes 
C)  That factor must be the cause 
D)  That factor can be discounted

Question 4

How can someone be misled by coincidence?

Accepted Answer

Someone can be misled by coincidence whe

Question 5

The Method of Concomitant Variation says that when two events are correlated-when one varies in close connection with the other-they are probably…

Accepted Answer

A)  Causally related 
B)  Related in a post hoc fashion 
C)  Uncaused 
D)  Coincidentally related 
A)  Causally related 
B)  Related in a post hoc fashion 
C)  Uncaused 
D)  Coincidentally related

Given the ordinary laws of statistics, incredible coincidences are…

Mill's (modified) Method of Difference says that the relevant factor present when a phenomenon occurs and absent when the phenomenon does not occur…

A modified version of Mill's Method of Agreement says that if two or more occurrences of a phenomenon have only one relevant factor in common, …

How can someone be misled by coincidence?

The Method of Concomitant Variation says that when two events are correlated-when one varies in close connection with the other-they are probably…

Critical Thinking, Facts, and Feelings

Obstacles to Critical Thinking

Identifying and Evaluating Arguments

Deductive Argument Patterns

Inductive Arguments and Statistics

Evidence and Experts

Fake News

Advertising: Commercial and Political

Inference to the Best Explanation

Judging Scientific Theories

Fallacies and Persuaders

Critical Thinking in Morality

Filters

Exam 9: Causal Arguments

Given the ordinary laws of statistics, incredible coincidences are…

Mill's (modified) Method of Difference says that the relevant factor present when a phenomenon occurs and absent when the phenomenon does not occur…

A modified version of Mill's Method of Agreement says that if two or more occurrences of a phenomenon have only one relevant factor in common, …

How can someone be misled by coincidence?

The Method of Concomitant Variation says that when two events are correlated-when one varies in close connection with the other-they are probably…

Critical Thinking, Facts, and Feelings

Obstacles to Critical Thinking

Identifying and Evaluating Arguments

Deductive Argument Patterns

Inductive Arguments and Statistics

Evidence and Experts

Fake News

Advertising: Commercial and Political

Inference to the Best Explanation

Judging Scientific Theories

Fallacies and Persuaders

Critical Thinking in Morality

Filters