Exam 9: Emotion in Relationships and Society

Claire is out having lunch one day, and sees her friend Makenzie having lunch with a man Claire has not met. Claire does not interrupt them, but after watching them for a few minutes thinks "hey, they seem really attracted to each other!" Which of the following might Claire have noticed as a sign of mutual attraction, consistent with research discussed in your textbook?

Which of the following is NOT described in your textbook as a factor that predicts higher relationship and marital satisfaction?

Mark learns that a colleague of his, Joshua, has just been diagnosed with cancer. He thinks about all of the implications this will have for his friend's life, and for their relationship. According to research by Nancy Eisenberg and colleagues (1989), Mark is LEAST likely to offer practical support to Joshua when he is feeling which of the following emotions?

Derrick is 12 months old, and after a year of maternity leave his mom is going back to work. She takes him to his new day care, and stays with him for a while before leaving. While she is there Derrick plays quietly on his own, paying little attention to her, and when she leaves he does not seem to mind. However, he does not explore the daycare much while she is gone, mostly sleeping or playing quietly with one toy. When his mother returns, Derrick does not run to her like many of the other children do to their moms. A researcher would describe Maria's attachment style as .

It is normal for marital satisfaction to increase after the couple's first child is born.

Behavioral and neuroscience studies have found that large doses of acetaminophen can help reduce the pain of social exclusion.

List the three core aspects of secure attachment, as defined in class.

In several studies, researchers have given some participants a high dose of acetaminophen, and others a placebo. Participants then complete a laboratory task in which they are apparently rejected by other people. Which of the following best summarizes the implications of these studies' results?

According to theorist John Bowlby, what is the central function of the attachment system?

Researchers have found that injecting oxytocin into a female prairie vole's brain can cause her to form a strong preference for a nearby male, even if they have not mated.

Which of the following is NOT associated with higher likelihood that a marriage will last, rather than ending in divorce?

In a study by Fraley and Shaver (1998), researchers recorded the behavior of couples waiting at airport gates, and if only one person got on the plane, they asked the remaining person to complete a questionnaire about his or her attachment style and current thoughts and feelings. Results showed that women who were felt more upset about the separation, and women who were had spent more time demonstrating affection physically before her partner departed.

In a study by Mario Mikulincer and colleagues (2000), participants viewed "prime" words, some of which were threatening (e.g., "failure'), and some neutral (e.g., "chair"). After each prime word, a "target" string of letters was displayed; the participant's task was to decide as quickly as possible whether the string was a word or not. Some target strings were words with close relationship themes (e.g., "love"), some were neutral words, and others were not words at all. The study was designed to test a hypothesis derived from attachment theory. What results did the researchers predict?

How would you describe your own adult attachment style - as primarily secure, anxious, or avoidant? Give three examples of characteristics you have that reflect this style. If you prefer, you may describe the attachment style of a person you are close to (a family member, romantic partner, or close friend) rather than yourself.

Which of the following statements about similarity between romantic partners is FALSE?

According to a meta-analysis of longitudinal data conducted by Fraley (2002), how strong is the correlation between infant and adult attachment style?

In a study by Mario Mikulincer and colleagues (2000), participants viewed "prime" words, some of which were threatening (e.g., "failure'), and some neutral (e.g., "chair"). After each prime word, a "target" string of letters was displayed; the participant's task was to decide as quickly as possible whether the string was a word or not. Results showed that participants detected "target" words with close relationship themes (e.g., "love") faster after seeing a threatening prime than after a neutral prime. Which of the following best describes the main implication of these results?

Shakira is buying coffee one day at a local coffee shop. She notices that the man helping her is moving slowly and seems a bit glum. Shakira thinks "he really seems sad today, I wonder what's going on?" As it happens, Shakira is correct-the man had just broken up with a long-term romantic partner. In this example, Shakira has most clearly demonstrated .

In a classic study, Harry Harlow (1958) separated baby monkeys from their mothers, and placed them in cages with one "mother" figure made of wire, and one covered with warm, fuzzy cloth. For half of the monkeys, the wire mother held a bottle of food; for the other half, the cloth-covered monkey held the food. Which of the following best summarizes the study results?

Summarize the series of the events in the strange situation, and describe the behavior of a typical (i.e., securely attached) infant in this situation.