Exam 6: Developmental Patterns of Offending

The birth cohort study of Wolfgang and his colleagues suggests that a small number of youth commit a majority of delinquent offenses. This group is referred to as:

Moffitt's theory of life-course-persistent offending attributes the early onset of antisocial behavior to a combination of a child's neuropsychological deficits and:

According to Moffitt's developmental theory, for ______________ offenders, delinquency is largely a product of deviant peer influence.

In Patterson's early- and late-starter models, an early starter is defined as a child first arrested before the age of 10.

The central tenet of the ______________ in criminology is that the development of problem behaviors tends to occur in an orderly, progressive fashion that is highly age-determined.

In Wolfgang's study, boys with ______________ or more police contacts were defined as "chronic offenders."

According to Patterson's developmental model, late starters are short-term offenders, less at risk for chronic offending than early starters.

Moffitt's developmental theory argues that adolescence-limited offending is due to:

What term is used in the criminal career literature to refer to the proportion of a population who are active offenders at any given time?

According to Patterson's early-starter model, poor parenting skills lead to children's antisocial behavior, which, in turn, produces school failure and peer rejection.

The notion of career criminals has been controversial because of:

Wolfgang, Figlio, and Sellin's study of chronic offenders used self-report surveys for data collection.

The concept of ______________ refers to patterns of behavior that are consistent and stable over time.

Life-course-persistent offenders continue offending at high rates well into adulthood because:

According to Moffitt's model, life-course-persistent offenders constitute a relatively large proportion of all offenders.

In their age-graded theory of offending, Sampson and Laub found that ______________ was significantly related to desistance from offending in adulthood.

Patterson and his colleagues propose two models of delinquency. According to these researchers, an early starter is defined as a child first arrested before the age of:

Wolfgang and his colleagues found that ______________ was related to length of criminal career and total number of offenses committed.

Research on criminal careers shows that most individuals who participate in offending commit only one or a limited number of offenses during late adolescence or early adulthood.

In terms of theory, the criminal careers construct is: