Exam 3: Genetics and Heredity

A(n)________ is a correlation between the genotype and environment that occurs when aspects of the environment encourage or support behaviors that may have a genetic component.

When attributes vary on a continuous scale such that they can be measured in terms of amount or degree,resemblances are estimated from a

Most pregnancies that involve a trisomy

Marcella is forty and pregnant with her first child.The ______ test is carried out on her blood during the second trimester of pregnancy to determine whether the fetus has Down syndrome or other problems.

The element responsible for the development of a male individual is the

The processes of transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to proteins are both susceptible to environmental influences.

________ genes are genes that code for the production of proteins that govern the physiological functions of a cell.

________ is the process during the first stage of meiosis by which genetic material is exchanged between autosomes.

The genetic characteristics of recessive genes

To what extent are nonshared environments important in accounting for similarities and differences in temperament and personality?

Mendel proposed that the two members of a pair of genes are not always identical.These alternate forms of a specific gene are called

Although eye color is typically considered to be determined by dominant-recessive allelic forms of a single gene,other genes may influence it as well.In this case,eye color may be considered a _________ trait.

The concept of range of reaction reflects only what we currently know about the way genotypes are expressed in environments already familiar to us.

Which of the following is not true of Williams Syndrome?

Tasha's newborn was found to have a serious but treatable heart condition.Because this heart condition was evident at birth,it is said to be a(n)________ disorder.

What is one reason why sex preselection is considered a controversial issue? What is one reason it can be beneficial?

Scientists have begun to study fragments of fetal RNA that circulate in the mother's blood stream for indicators of genetic abnormalities.

________ twins are individuals who originate from the same zygote,a single egg fertilized by one sperm that separates to form two cell masses.

Adoption studies based on the assumption that if an attribute is influenced primarily by environmental factors,then adopted children should

In amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling,the extracted samples are