Question 1

What is required, in addition to experience, to develop automaticity for processing letters and other familiar symbols?

Accepted Answer

A)  extensive training 
B)  consistent mapping to the same response 
C)  a large working memory capacity 
D)  a high IQ 
A)  extensive training 
B)  consistent mapping to the same response 
C)  a large working memory capacity 
D)  a high IQ

Question 2

Analysis of proof-reading errors reveals the important role of word ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  comprehension 
B)  meaning 
C)  salience 
D)  shape 
A)  comprehension 
B)  meaning 
C)  salience 
D)  shape

Question 3

Which of following is NOT a facet of the effectiveness of auditory icons:

Accepted Answer

A)  user preference 
B)  intuitiveness 
C)  learnability 
D)  perceived urgency 
A)  user preference 
B)  intuitiveness 
C)  learnability 
D)  perceived urgency

Question 4

Object recognition involves a blend of:

Accepted Answer

A)  local and global processing 
B)  short-term and long-term memory 
C)  bottom-up and top-down processing 
D)  explicit and implicit processing 
A)  local and global processing 
B)  short-term and long-term memory 
C)  bottom-up and top-down processing 
D)  explicit and implicit processing

Question 5

Command displays should be used:

Accepted Answer

A)  for aviation displays 
B)  during conditions of high stress and time pressure 
C)  to improve later recall of instructions 
D)  to increase situation awareness 
A)  for aviation displays 
B)  during conditions of high stress and time pressure 
C)  to improve later recall of instructions 
D)  to increase situation awareness

Question 6

LaBerge (1973) demonstrated that letters can be processed:

Accepted Answer

A)  implicitly 
B)  by focal attention alone 
C)  preattentively 
D)  with little cognitive effort 
A)  implicitly 
B)  by focal attention alone 
C)  preattentively 
D)  with little cognitive effort

Question 7

Klemmer (1969) found that the most rapid data entry was achieved when ____ digits were chunked together.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 2 
B)  3 to 4 
C)  5 to 6 
D)  6 to 10 
A)  1 to 2 
B)  3 to 4 
C)  5 to 6 
D)  6 to 10

Question 8

What is the difference between a command and status display?

Accepted Answer

A command and a status display serve dif

Question 9

Earcons are generated using:

Accepted Answer

A)  recordings of real-life sounds 
B)  a combination of tones and a spoken phrase 
C)  abstract musical tones varying in intensity, pitch and timbre 
D)  simple tones 
A)  recordings of real-life sounds 
B)  a combination of tones and a spoken phrase 
C)  abstract musical tones varying in intensity, pitch and timbre 
D)  simple tones

Question 10

Fast, little cognitive effort, operates in high workload, and robust to adverse effects of stress and fatigue are all advantages of:

Accepted Answer

A)  extended training 
B)  feature-based recognition 
C)  automatic processing 
D)  implicit learning 
A)  extended training 
B)  feature-based recognition 
C)  automatic processing 
D)  implicit learning

Question 11

Briefly describe the factors known to influence the usability of icons?

Accepted Answer

The usability of icons is influenced by

Question 12

How useful are readability formulas for writing instructions and procedures that are easy to understand?

Accepted Answer

Readability formulas can be quite useful

Question 13

Briefly describe the differences between face-to-face and voice-only communications?

Accepted Answer

Face-to-face and voice-only communicatio

Question 14

Biederman (1987) proposed that humans recognize object in terms of combinations of a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  large number of complex features 
B)  small number of complex features 
C)  large number of basic features 
D)  small number of basic features 
A)  large number of complex features 
B)  small number of complex features 
C)  large number of basic features 
D)  small number of basic features

Question 15

Measures of speech intelligibility are derived by delivering vocal material of a particular level of redundancy over the speech channel in question and calculating the:

Accepted Answer

A)  percentage of words correctly recalled 
B)  articulation index of the vocal material 
C)  range at which the vocal material was heard 
D)  percentage of words understood correctly 
A)  percentage of words correctly recalled 
B)  articulation index of the vocal material 
C)  range at which the vocal material was heard 
D)  percentage of words understood correctly

Question 16

When abbreviating words, the most important principle is to employ ____ rules.

Accepted Answer

A)  logical 
B)  memorable 
C)  salient 
D)  consistent 
A)  logical 
B)  memorable 
C)  salient 
D)  consistent

Question 17

Eye movement regressions refer to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Saccades that move in an unwanted direction 
B)  Slower eye movements 
C)  Involuntary eye movements 
D)  Saccades that move backwards in the text 
A)  Saccades that move in an unwanted direction 
B)  Slower eye movements 
C)  Involuntary eye movements 
D)  Saccades that move backwards in the text

Question 18

What are differences between auditory icons, earcons and spearcons?

Accepted Answer

Auditory icons, earcons, and spearcons a

Question 19

The term word superiority effect refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  words are quicker to speak than non-words 
B)  letters in a word are easier to remember than letters in isolation 
C)  words are easier to remember than non-words 
D)  letters in a word mutually facilitating one another's analysis 
A)  words are quicker to speak than non-words 
B)  letters in a word are easier to remember than letters in isolation 
C)  words are easier to remember than non-words 
D)  letters in a word mutually facilitating one another's analysis

Question 20

What is unitization?

Accepted Answer

Unitization is a term that can be applie

What is required, in addition to experience, to develop automaticity for processing letters and other familiar symbols?

Analysis of proof-reading errors reveals the important role of word ____.

Which of following is NOT a facet of the effectiveness of auditory icons:

Object recognition involves a blend of:

Command displays should be used:

LaBerge (1973) demonstrated that letters can be processed:

Klemmer (1969) found that the most rapid data entry was achieved when ____ digits were chunked together.

What is the difference between a command and status display?

Earcons are generated using:

Fast, little cognitive effort, operates in high workload, and robust to adverse effects of stress and fatigue are all advantages of:

Briefly describe the factors known to influence the usability of icons?

How useful are readability formulas for writing instructions and procedures that are easy to understand?

Briefly describe the differences between face-to-face and voice-only communications?

Biederman (1987) proposed that humans recognize object in terms of combinations of a ____.

Measures of speech intelligibility are derived by delivering vocal material of a particular level of redundancy over the speech channel in question and calculating the:

When abbreviating words, the most important principle is to employ ____ rules.

Eye movement regressions refer to:

What are differences between auditory icons, earcons and spearcons?

The term word superiority effect refers to:

What is unitization?

Research Methods

Signal Detection and Absolute Judgement

Attention in Perception and Display Space

Spatial Displays

Spatial Cognition Navigation and Manual Control

Memory and Training

Decision Making

Selection of Action

Multi-Tasking

Mental Workload and Stress

Human-Automation Interaction

Filters

Exam 6: Language and Communication

What is required, in addition to experience, to develop automaticity for processing letters and other familiar symbols?

Analysis of proof-reading errors reveals the important role of word ____.

Which of following is NOT a facet of the effectiveness of auditory icons:

Object recognition involves a blend of:

Command displays should be used:

LaBerge (1973) demonstrated that letters can be processed:

Klemmer (1969) found that the most rapid data entry was achieved when ____ digits were chunked together.

What is the difference between a command and status display?

Earcons are generated using:

Fast, little cognitive effort, operates in high workload, and robust to adverse effects of stress and fatigue are all advantages of:

Briefly describe the factors known to influence the usability of icons?

How useful are readability formulas for writing instructions and procedures that are easy to understand?

Briefly describe the differences between face-to-face and voice-only communications?

Biederman (1987) proposed that humans recognize object in terms of combinations of a ____.

Measures of speech intelligibility are derived by delivering vocal material of a particular level of redundancy over the speech channel in question and calculating the:

When abbreviating words, the most important principle is to employ ____ rules.

Eye movement regressions refer to:

What are differences between auditory icons, earcons and spearcons?

The term word superiority effect refers to:

What is unitization?

Research Methods

Signal Detection and Absolute Judgement

Attention in Perception and Display Space

Spatial Displays

Spatial Cognition Navigation and Manual Control

Memory and Training

Decision Making

Selection of Action

Multi-Tasking

Mental Workload and Stress

Human-Automation Interaction

Filters