Question 1

Psychobiography uses a nomothetic approach to understanding people.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

When we ask, "How do biology and experience influence a person from childhood onward?" we are asking questions about the __________ of personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  description 
B)  dynamics 
C)  development 
D)  destiny 
A)  description 
B)  dynamics 
C)  development 
D)  destiny

Question 3

Tests, such as inkblot tests, which ask people to respond to ambiguous stimuli, are called

Accepted Answer

A)  self-report measures. 
B)  response measures. 
C)  projective tests. 
D)  behavioral measures. 
A)  self-report measures. 
B)  response measures. 
C)  projective tests. 
D)  behavioral measures.

Question 4

A psychobiography is a case study that emphasizes theoretical considerations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A researcher is interested in testing the proposition that watching a lot of television causes increased aggressiveness among children at school. This can be tested by conducting an experiment in which the independent variable is

Accepted Answer

A)  watching a lot of television. 
B)  being in school. 
C)  aggressiveness. 
D)  age. 
A)  watching a lot of television. 
B)  being in school. 
C)  aggressiveness. 
D)  age.

Question 6

Disconfirmation of a theory is as important as support found for a theory for advancing science.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of psychobiography as an approach to understanding
personality.

Accepted Answer

Psychobiography is an approach to unders

Question 8

A research study has shown that adolescents who play on sports teams are more likely to be admitted to college than those who do not play sports. From this study, we can conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)  playing on sports teams causes increased success in college applications. 
B)  college applications cause increased participation on sports teams. 
C)  most college students have played sports. 
D)  there is a relationship between playing sports and being admitted into college 
A)  playing on sports teams causes increased success in college applications. 
B)  college applications cause increased participation on sports teams. 
C)  most college students have played sports. 
D)  there is a relationship between playing sports and being admitted into college

Question 9

The statement, "High self-esteem causes social responsibility" is

Accepted Answer

A)  a theoretical proposition. 
B)  a hypothesis. 
C)  an operational definition. 
D)  a paradigm. 
A)  a theoretical proposition. 
B)  a hypothesis. 
C)  an operational definition. 
D)  a paradigm.

Question 10

Like traits, factors are

Accepted Answer

A)  broad. 
B)  quantitative. 
C)  qualitative. 
D)  developmental stages. 
A)  broad. 
B)  quantitative. 
C)  qualitative. 
D)  developmental stages.

Question 11

Nomothetic research is generally regarded as more scientific than idiographic research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Contrast types, traits, and factors as units of personality. Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Types, traits, and factors are all diffe

Question 13

In comparison to traits, factors refer to more __________ characteristics.

Accepted Answer

A)  socially desirable 
B)  specific 
C)  broad 
D)  changeable 
A)  socially desirable 
B)  specific 
C)  broad 
D)  changeable

Question 14

One person at a time is studied using the __________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A)  factor analytic 
B)  eclectic 
C)  nomothetic 
D)  idiographic 
A)  factor analytic 
B)  eclectic 
C)  nomothetic 
D)  idiographic

Question 15

Direct self-report measures of personality

Accepted Answer

A)  are seldom used. 
B)  are often reliable. 
C)  always measure several personality traits simultaneously. 
D)  are valid even when subjects intentionally give false responses. 
A)  are seldom used. 
B)  are often reliable. 
C)  always measure several personality traits simultaneously. 
D)  are valid even when subjects intentionally give false responses.

Question 16

The study of personality dynamics often focuses on motivation directing behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Briefly discuss the role of culture historically and currently in personality study.

Accepted Answer

Historically, culture has played a signi

Question 18

A researcher decides to see how consistent a new personality test is by computing two scores. One score is the total of the odd-numbered items. The other score is the total of the even-numbered items.
What is the researcher assessing?

Accepted Answer

A)  validity 
B)  test-retest reliability 
C)  alternate forms reliability 
D)  split-half reliability 
A)  validity 
B)  test-retest reliability 
C)  alternate forms reliability 
D)  split-half reliability

Question 19

In an experiment, the dependent variable measures the "cause."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The scientific method requires personality psychologists, like other scientists, to assume that behavior
is determined by causes that can be found through research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Psychobiography uses a nomothetic approach to understanding people.

When we ask, "How do biology and experience influence a person from childhood onward?" we are asking questions about the __________ of personality.

Tests, such as inkblot tests, which ask people to respond to ambiguous stimuli, are called

A psychobiography is a case study that emphasizes theoretical considerations.

A researcher is interested in testing the proposition that watching a lot of television causes increased aggressiveness among children at school. This can be tested by conducting an experiment in which the independent variable is

Disconfirmation of a theory is as important as support found for a theory for advancing science.

Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of psychobiography as an approach to understanding personality.

A research study has shown that adolescents who play on sports teams are more likely to be admitted to college than those who do not play sports. From this study, we can conclude that

The statement, "High self-esteem causes social responsibility" is

Like traits, factors are

Nomothetic research is generally regarded as more scientific than idiographic research.

Contrast types, traits, and factors as units of personality. Give an example of each.

In comparison to traits, factors refer to more __________ characteristics.

One person at a time is studied using the __________ approach.

Direct self-report measures of personality

The study of personality dynamics often focuses on motivation directing behavior.

Briefly discuss the role of culture historically and currently in personality study.

A researcher decides to see how consistent a new personality test is by computing two scores. One score is the total of the odd-numbered items. The other score is the total of the even-numbered items. What is the researcher assessing?

In an experiment, the dependent variable measures the "cause."

The scientific method requires personality psychologists, like other scientists, to assume that behavior is determined by causes that can be found through research.

Freud: Classical Psychoanalysis

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Adler: Individual Psychology

Erikson: Psychosocial Development

Horney and Relational Theory: Interpersonal Psychoanalytic Theory

Allport: Personological Trait Theory

Two Factor Analytic Trait Theories: Cattells 16 Factors and the Big Five

Biological Theories: Evolution, Genetics, and Biological Factor Theories

The Challenge of Behaviorism: Dollard and Miller, Skinner, and Staats

Kelly: Personal Construct Theory

Mischel: Traits in Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Bandura: Performance in Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

Maslow and His Legacy: Need Hierarchy Theory and Positive Psychology

Buddhist Psychology: Lessons From Eastern Culture

Conclusion

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Personality Theory

Psychobiography uses a nomothetic approach to understanding people.

When we ask, "How do biology and experience influence a person from childhood onward?" we are asking questions about the __________ of personality.

Tests, such as inkblot tests, which ask people to respond to ambiguous stimuli, are called

A psychobiography is a case study that emphasizes theoretical considerations.

A researcher is interested in testing the proposition that watching a lot of television causes increased aggressiveness among children at school. This can be tested by conducting an experiment in which the independent variable is

Disconfirmation of a theory is as important as support found for a theory for advancing science.

Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of psychobiography as an approach to understanding personality.

A research study has shown that adolescents who play on sports teams are more likely to be admitted to college than those who do not play sports. From this study, we can conclude that

The statement, "High self-esteem causes social responsibility" is

Like traits, factors are

Nomothetic research is generally regarded as more scientific than idiographic research.

Contrast types, traits, and factors as units of personality. Give an example of each.

In comparison to traits, factors refer to more __________ characteristics.

One person at a time is studied using the __________ approach.

Direct self-report measures of personality

The study of personality dynamics often focuses on motivation directing behavior.

Briefly discuss the role of culture historically and currently in personality study.

A researcher decides to see how consistent a new personality test is by computing two scores. One score is the total of the odd-numbered items. The other score is the total of the even-numbered items. What is the researcher assessing?

In an experiment, the dependent variable measures the "cause."

The scientific method requires personality psychologists, like other scientists, to assume that behavior is determined by causes that can be found through research.

Freud: Classical Psychoanalysis

Jung: Analytical Psychology

Adler: Individual Psychology

Erikson: Psychosocial Development

Horney and Relational Theory: Interpersonal Psychoanalytic Theory

Allport: Personological Trait Theory

Two Factor Analytic Trait Theories: Cattells 16 Factors and the Big Five

Biological Theories: Evolution, Genetics, and Biological Factor Theories

The Challenge of Behaviorism: Dollard and Miller, Skinner, and Staats

Kelly: Personal Construct Theory

Mischel: Traits in Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Bandura: Performance in Cognitive Social Learning Theory

Rogers: Person-Centered Theory

Maslow and His Legacy: Need Hierarchy Theory and Positive Psychology

Buddhist Psychology: Lessons From Eastern Culture

Conclusion

Filters