Exam 4: Community Corrections

Most jurisdictions provide for _________ members on their parole boards.

In the service brokerage approach, the probation officer is viewed as a what?

Are boot camp prisons successful? What problems can you see with them?

Ethics Focus: Should Parole Be Abolished? The case of Robert "Mudman" Simon exemplifies why many favor abolishing parole. Simon was the leader of the infamous Warlocks motorcycle gang. Simon was convicted of the second-degree murder of his girlfriend in 1982. Evidence presented indicated that he wanted his girlfriend to submit to having sex with other members of his motorcycle gang. When she refused, he pulled a gun and shot her in the head. He received a 10−20 year sentence to be served in Grateford Prison, a maximum-security facility in Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania Board of Probation and Parole granted his release in 1995. As part of the condition of his release, he was ordered to have no contact with the Warlocks. However, once he was released he moved to Williamstown, New Jersey, an area known for motorcycle gang activity. On May 6, 1995, Franklin Township police Sergeant Ippolito "Lee" Gonzalez pulled Simon and an associate over for a minor traffic violation. Simon shot Gonzalez twice in the head and once in the neck. Gonzalez died at the scene. Simon was quickly apprehended, pleaded guilty, and was sentenced to death. -Why do you think it is inappropriate to abolish parole?

When it comes to sentencing, a ______________ practice is not deemed to be in the best interests of either the offender or society.

What is the relationship between indeterminate sentencing and parole?

Identify three important cases associated with probationer and parolee rights. What is the significance of each case?

How many ways are there in which all prisoners can obtain their release?

Maconochie and Crofton both needed what to satisfy the needs of their parole systems?

Approximately how much does a bed cost in a maximum-security prison?

The first formal recommendation for the creation of a halfway house in the United States was made in 1817 in what state?

What correctional activities are included in the term "intermediate sentencing"?

Parole is said to be granted on how many principles?

Because revocation of probation involves a "loss of liberty" for the probationer, the court must adhere to certain procedures under the due process clause of which Constitutional Amendment?

"A style of communication that makes it more likely that offenders will listen, will be engaged in the process, and will be more ready to make changes" is called __________,

Since the _______, with the tougher attitude toward crime and the accompanying shift in emphasis from rehabilitation to incarceration and punishment, the law enforcement role of parole officers has taken precedence.

John Augustus is regarded as the patriarch of American probation and was also America's first paid probation officer.

Using an evidence-based approach, the American Probation and Parole Association (APPA) suggests a case-to-staff ratio of 20:1 for intensive supervision, 50:1 for medium supervision, and 200:1 for minimum supervision.

In 1975, what state was the first to abolish parole?

Because the parolee has __________, his or her parole status can be easily revoked if he or she fails to comply with the conditions set forth in the parole contract.