Question 1

Rotter was a pioneer

Accepted Answer

A)  in promoting the existence and viability of personality traits 
B)  in considering multiple determinants of behavior and the advantages that control over circumstances provide people 
C)  in considering social factors 
D)  in renouncing the Oedipal Complex and Penis Envy without going so far as to reject the unconscious 
A)  in promoting the existence and viability of personality traits 
B)  in considering multiple determinants of behavior and the advantages that control over circumstances provide people 
C)  in considering social factors 
D)  in renouncing the Oedipal Complex and Penis Envy without going so far as to reject the unconscious

Question 2

To Mischel, a stimulus

Accepted Answer

A)  is a very definite, well defined component of a situation 
B)  is any impetus for behavior 
C)  is always physical, like the classroom temperature 
D)  is always a person, like the classroom professor 
A)  is a very definite, well defined component of a situation 
B)  is any impetus for behavior 
C)  is always physical, like the classroom temperature 
D)  is always a person, like the classroom professor

Question 3

In Phares' (1962) "chance" and "skill"

Accepted Answer

A)  subjects in the chance condition were told to take a chance each trial 
B)  subjects in the chance condition were told that different buttons would stop the shock on different trials 
C)  subjects in the skill condition were told that different buttons would stop the shock on different trials 
D)  subjects in the skill condition were asked to exercise their skills on each trial 
A)  subjects in the chance condition were told to take a chance each trial 
B)  subjects in the chance condition were told that different buttons would stop the shock on different trials 
C)  subjects in the skill condition were told that different buttons would stop the shock on different trials 
D)  subjects in the skill condition were asked to exercise their skills on each trial

Question 4

According to Rotter, all of the following are ways that a person may categorize classical music, except one. Which is NOT a way that classical music is likely to be classified

Accepted Answer

A)  a peculiar kind of vibration in the air 
B)  entertainment 
C)  a scholarly endeavor not unlike reading classic literature 
D)  a waste of time 
A)  a peculiar kind of vibration in the air 
B)  entertainment 
C)  a scholarly endeavor not unlike reading classic literature 
D)  a waste of time

Question 5

All except one of the following are true of the relationship between locus of control and divorce. Which is NOT true of that relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  Married people are more internal than either single of divorced people. 
B)  Internals showed less post-divorce distress than externals. 
C)  People who are internal for marital satisfaction are more active and direct in problem solving than externals. 
D)  Externals are less likely to have a divorce. 
A)  Married people are more internal than either single of divorced people. 
B)  Internals showed less post-divorce distress than externals. 
C)  People who are internal for marital satisfaction are more active and direct in problem solving than externals. 
D)  Externals are less likely to have a divorce.

Question 6

Which of the following does NOT belong to the "Cognitive, Affective Personality System" (CAPS) sequence that ends in behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  detection of aspects of the situation that activate cognitive-affective encoding units 
B)  The situation is transformed into affective units. 
C)  encoding units stimulate cognitive-affective mediating units that influence the strength of behavioral units 
D)  Behavioral units determine behavioral outcomes. 
A)  detection of aspects of the situation that activate cognitive-affective encoding units 
B)  The situation is transformed into affective units. 
C)  encoding units stimulate cognitive-affective mediating units that influence the strength of behavioral units 
D)  Behavioral units determine behavioral outcomes.

Question 7

What did Mamlin, Harris and Case (2001) find when they studied the belief that people with learning disabilities (LD) feel a lack of control of their destinies?

Accepted Answer

A)  There was no evidence bearing on the subject. 
B)  Actually they tend to feel in control of their destinies. 
C)  They found serious fault with the sources of evidence for this belief. 
D)  They confirmed this belief. 
A)  There was no evidence bearing on the subject. 
B)  Actually they tend to feel in control of their destinies. 
C)  They found serious fault with the sources of evidence for this belief. 
D)  They confirmed this belief.

Question 8

Should you loudly proclaim that what one or your professors is saying in class is nonsense, which Mischelian concept would immediately come into play?

Accepted Answer

A)  locus of control 
B)  self-efficacy 
C)  personality trait 
D)  expectancy 
A)  locus of control 
B)  self-efficacy 
C)  personality trait 
D)  expectancy

Question 9

East Asians are more indirect in what they say to others. Under what circumstances are they most indirect compared to Westerns?

Accepted Answer

A)  at home 
B)  at a social gathering 
C)  at work 
D)  when encountering strangers 
A)  at home 
B)  at a social gathering 
C)  at work 
D)  when encountering strangers

Question 10

All of the following are advantages of Cognitive Social Theory (CST) over trait theory (Big 5), according to Cervone's group, except one. Which is NOT one of those advantages?

Accepted Answer

A)  CST requires little information to predict behavior. 
B)  CST recognizes that a trait "conscientiousness" doesn't mean the same thing even to the same person operating in different situations. 
C)  CST recognizes that a "situation" is not interpreted in the same way by different individuals. 
D)  CST refers to cognitive-affective processes that operate in sync in response to situational stimulation. 
A)  CST requires little information to predict behavior. 
B)  CST recognizes that a trait "conscientiousness" doesn't mean the same thing even to the same person operating in different situations. 
C)  CST recognizes that a "situation" is not interpreted in the same way by different individuals. 
D)  CST refers to cognitive-affective processes that operate in sync in response to situational stimulation.

Question 11

When people perform in "hot" rather than "cool" conditions (Ayduk et al. 2002)

Accepted Answer

A)  Ironically they avoid hostile words. 
B)  If "rejection sensitive," they repress hostile words. 
C)  They use hostile words. 
D)  They avoid speaking. 
A)  Ironically they avoid hostile words. 
B)  If "rejection sensitive," they repress hostile words. 
C)  They use hostile words. 
D)  They avoid speaking.

Question 12

The children in Mischel's summer camp

Accepted Answer

A)  showed remarkably high behavioral consistency, but their circumstances were unusual 
B)  showed not even a hint that they might repeat behaviors over time 
C)  showed patterns of behavior across situations that they repeated when they encountered the same situations again 
D)  showed consistency across some sets of situations, but inconsistency across other sets 
A)  showed remarkably high behavioral consistency, but their circumstances were unusual 
B)  showed not even a hint that they might repeat behaviors over time 
C)  showed patterns of behavior across situations that they repeated when they encountered the same situations again 
D)  showed consistency across some sets of situations, but inconsistency across other sets

Question 13

Rotter's undergraduate major was

Accepted Answer

A)  psychology 
B)  literature 
C)  chemistry 
D)  sociology 
A)  psychology 
B)  literature 
C)  chemistry 
D)  sociology

Question 14

What may an African-American mean when sh/e says to a group of European-Americans, "Whites are racists"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Literally, all whites are racists. 
B)  Most whites are racists. 
C)  Actually, few whites are racists and none of those present. 
D)  The white who "yelps" the loudest at the racist charge is suspected of being a racist. 
A)  Literally, all whites are racists. 
B)  Most whites are racists. 
C)  Actually, few whites are racists and none of those present. 
D)  The white who "yelps" the loudest at the racist charge is suspected of being a racist.

Question 15

According to Rotter, expectancy is

Accepted Answer

A)  the probability held by a person that a particular reinforcement will occur as a function of a specific behavior in a specific situation 
B)  the likelihood that whatever one does will result in a reinforcement, provided only that she or he is attentive to magnitude and value of the reinforcement 
C)  looking ahead 
D)  eyes on the top of the head 
A)  the probability held by a person that a particular reinforcement will occur as a function of a specific behavior in a specific situation 
B)  the likelihood that whatever one does will result in a reinforcement, provided only that she or he is attentive to magnitude and value of the reinforcement 
C)  looking ahead 
D)  eyes on the top of the head

Question 16

Competency refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  embracing both the cognitive ability to size-up a situation so that one understands how to operate in it effectively and the ability to perform behaviors that will lead to success 
B)  the cognitive ability to discriminate between relevant and irrelevant situations and the emotional control to delay acts 
C)  ability to operate efficiently in a situation 
D)  aptitude in social relations 
A)  embracing both the cognitive ability to size-up a situation so that one understands how to operate in it effectively and the ability to perform behaviors that will lead to success 
B)  the cognitive ability to discriminate between relevant and irrelevant situations and the emotional control to delay acts 
C)  ability to operate efficiently in a situation 
D)  aptitude in social relations

Question 17

External control refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the perception that reinforcement is dependent on one's behavior, efforts or characteristics 
B)  the perception that reinforcement is dependent on luck, chance, fate, or powerful others 
C)  whether control is impossible, probable, or highly likely 
D)  whether the possibilities for control are stable, internal, and global, or unstable, external, and specific 
A)  the perception that reinforcement is dependent on one's behavior, efforts or characteristics 
B)  the perception that reinforcement is dependent on luck, chance, fate, or powerful others 
C)  whether control is impossible, probable, or highly likely 
D)  whether the possibilities for control are stable, internal, and global, or unstable, external, and specific

Question 18

As to behavioral consistency, it follows from Rotter's view that

Accepted Answer

A)  there is no observable behavioral consistency 
B)  a person may show some consistency across situations he/she sees as highly similar 
C)  some people are very consistent, while others are very inconsistent 
D)  consistency is in the "eye of the beholder" 
A)  there is no observable behavioral consistency 
B)  a person may show some consistency across situations he/she sees as highly similar 
C)  some people are very consistent, while others are very inconsistent 
D)  consistency is in the "eye of the beholder"

Question 19

Shoda and Mischel (1993) cite evidence that when Japanese people describe themselves

Accepted Answer

A)  they use trait labels 
B)  they mix trait labels with behavioral labels 
C)  they refer to social roles 
D)  they refer to professional roles 
A)  they use trait labels 
B)  they mix trait labels with behavioral labels 
C)  they refer to social roles 
D)  they refer to professional roles

Question 20

Shoda, Mischel and Wright (1994) considered all of the following situations confronting summer-camp-children except one. Which one did they NOT consider?

Accepted Answer

A)  peer teased, provoked, or threatened target child 
B)  adult praised target child 
C)  peer tattled on target child 
D)  adult warned target child 
A)  peer teased, provoked, or threatened target child 
B)  adult praised target child 
C)  peer tattled on target child 
D)  adult warned target child

Rotter was a pioneer

To Mischel, a stimulus

In Phares' (1962) "chance" and "skill"

According to Rotter, all of the following are ways that a person may categorize classical music, except one. Which is NOT a way that classical music is likely to be classified

All except one of the following are true of the relationship between locus of control and divorce. Which is NOT true of that relationship?

Which of the following does NOT belong to the "Cognitive, Affective Personality System" (CAPS) sequence that ends in behavior?

What did Mamlin, Harris and Case (2001) find when they studied the belief that people with learning disabilities (LD) feel a lack of control of their destinies?

Should you loudly proclaim that what one or your professors is saying in class is nonsense, which Mischelian concept would immediately come into play?

East Asians are more indirect in what they say to others. Under what circumstances are they most indirect compared to Westerns?

All of the following are advantages of Cognitive Social Theory (CST) over trait theory (Big 5), according to Cervone's group, except one. Which is NOT one of those advantages?

When people perform in "hot" rather than "cool" conditions (Ayduk et al. 2002)

The children in Mischel's summer camp

Rotter's undergraduate major was

What may an African-American mean when sh/e says to a group of European-Americans, "Whites are racists"?

According to Rotter, expectancy is

Competency refers to

External control refers to

As to behavioral consistency, it follows from Rotter's view that

Shoda and Mischel (1993) cite evidence that when Japanese people describe themselves

Shoda, Mischel and Wright (1994) considered all of the following situations confronting summer-camp-children except one. Which one did they NOT consider?

Introduction

The Psychoanalytic Legacy: Sigmund Freud

Personalitys Ancestral Foundation: Carl Jung

Overcoming Inferiority and Striving for Superiority: Alfred Adler

Moving Toward, Away From, and Against Others: Karen Horney

Personality From the Interpersonal Perspective: Harry Stack Sullivan

The Seasons of Our Lives: Erik Erikson

The Sociopsychological Approach to Personality: Erich Fromm

Every Person Is to Be Prized: Carl Rogers

Becoming All That One Can Be: Abraham Maslow

Marching to a Different Drummer: George Kelly

Thinking Ahead and Learning Mastery of Ones Circumstances: Albert Bandura

Its All a Matter of Consequences: B.F Skinner

Human Needs and Environmental Press: Henry a Murray

The Trait Approach to Personality: Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck

Personality Development and Prejudice: Gordon Allport

Where Is Personality Theory Going

Filters

Exam 12: The Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality: Walter Mischel and Julian Rotter

Rotter was a pioneer

To Mischel, a stimulus

In Phares' (1962) "chance" and "skill"

According to Rotter, all of the following are ways that a person may categorize classical music, except one. Which is NOT a way that classical music is likely to be classified

All except one of the following are true of the relationship between locus of control and divorce. Which is NOT true of that relationship?

Which of the following does NOT belong to the "Cognitive, Affective Personality System" (CAPS) sequence that ends in behavior?

What did Mamlin, Harris and Case (2001) find when they studied the belief that people with learning disabilities (LD) feel a lack of control of their destinies?

Should you loudly proclaim that what one or your professors is saying in class is nonsense, which Mischelian concept would immediately come into play?

East Asians are more indirect in what they say to others. Under what circumstances are they most indirect compared to Westerns?

All of the following are advantages of Cognitive Social Theory (CST) over trait theory (Big 5), according to Cervone's group, except one. Which is NOT one of those advantages?

When people perform in "hot" rather than "cool" conditions (Ayduk et al. 2002)

The children in Mischel's summer camp

Rotter's undergraduate major was

What may an African-American mean when sh/e says to a group of European-Americans, "Whites are racists"?

According to Rotter, expectancy is

Competency refers to

External control refers to

As to behavioral consistency, it follows from Rotter's view that

Shoda and Mischel (1993) cite evidence that when Japanese people describe themselves

Shoda, Mischel and Wright (1994) considered all of the following situations confronting summer-camp-children except one. Which one did they NOT consider?

Introduction

The Psychoanalytic Legacy: Sigmund Freud

Personalitys Ancestral Foundation: Carl Jung

Overcoming Inferiority and Striving for Superiority: Alfred Adler

Moving Toward, Away From, and Against Others: Karen Horney

Personality From the Interpersonal Perspective: Harry Stack Sullivan

The Seasons of Our Lives: Erik Erikson

The Sociopsychological Approach to Personality: Erich Fromm

Every Person Is to Be Prized: Carl Rogers

Becoming All That One Can Be: Abraham Maslow

Marching to a Different Drummer: George Kelly

Thinking Ahead and Learning Mastery of Ones Circumstances: Albert Bandura

Its All a Matter of Consequences: B.F Skinner

Human Needs and Environmental Press: Henry a Murray

The Trait Approach to Personality: Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck

Personality Development and Prejudice: Gordon Allport

Where Is Personality Theory Going

Filters