Question 1

What important factor did Mischel and colleagues find was significantly correlated with delay of gratification?

Accepted Answer

A)  marital happiness 
B)  number of close friends 
C)  adolescent cognitive/academic competence 
D)  attractiveness to the opposite sex 
A)  marital happiness 
B)  number of close friends 
C)  adolescent cognitive/academic competence 
D)  attractiveness to the opposite sex

Question 2

According to Mischel, success

Accepted Answer

A)  is in the eye of other beholders 
B)  is relative to effort 
C)  is recasting a situation so that one is able to experience smooth social interactions in it 
D)  is effectively performing the behaviors which yield valued outcomes 
A)  is in the eye of other beholders 
B)  is relative to effort 
C)  is recasting a situation so that one is able to experience smooth social interactions in it 
D)  is effectively performing the behaviors which yield valued outcomes

Question 3

Which is NOT an item on the I-E scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  My voice is heard above the crowd. 
B)  I steer clear of everything from bingo to poker. 
C)  I don't care very much about anything. 
D)  Me, I stick with the winners. 
A)  My voice is heard above the crowd. 
B)  I steer clear of everything from bingo to poker. 
C)  I don't care very much about anything. 
D)  Me, I stick with the winners.

Question 4

Social learning is

Accepted Answer

A)  learning the social rules of one's society 
B)  the variety of learning that relies on one's social ability 
C)  acquiring useful information through interacting with people and other elements of the environment 
D)  obtaining a level of sophistication in terms of relations with others that will allow a person to relate successfully to others 
A)  learning the social rules of one's society 
B)  the variety of learning that relies on one's social ability 
C)  acquiring useful information through interacting with people and other elements of the environment 
D)  obtaining a level of sophistication in terms of relations with others that will allow a person to relate successfully to others

Question 5

Mischel was born near the professional residence of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud 
B)  Adler 
C)  Allport 
D)  Jung 
A)  Freud 
B)  Adler 
C)  Allport 
D)  Jung

Question 6

How did Mischel expand on Rotter's social learning theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  He totally redefined learning. 
B)  He made social learning theory broader and deeper so that it became applicable to other areas of psychology, such as perception. 
C)  He backed off from Rotter's denunciation of traits. 
D)  He inserted cognitive and affective factors as the controllers of behavior. 
A)  He totally redefined learning. 
B)  He made social learning theory broader and deeper so that it became applicable to other areas of psychology, such as perception. 
C)  He backed off from Rotter's denunciation of traits. 
D)  He inserted cognitive and affective factors as the controllers of behavior.

Question 7

Who does Mischel credit with being his mentor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rotter 
B)  Kelly 
C)  Skinner 
D)  He was a Rotter student, but Kelly influenced him. 
A)  Rotter 
B)  Kelly 
C)  Skinner 
D)  He was a Rotter student, but Kelly influenced him.

Question 8

What was Rotter's problem when he arrived at the University of Iowa?

Accepted Answer

A)  shyness 
B)  inadequate preparation 
C)  homesickness 
D)  poverty 
A)  shyness 
B)  inadequate preparation 
C)  homesickness 
D)  poverty

Question 9

Rotter's Ph.D. degree was in

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental psychology 
B)  clinical psychology 
C)  developmental psychology 
D)  biological psychology 
A)  experimental psychology 
B)  clinical psychology 
C)  developmental psychology 
D)  biological psychology

Question 10

How did Shoda, Mischel and Wright (1989) show that people are interactionists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Subjects were asked to choose the most plausible explanations of behavior from definitions of several such explanations. 
B)  With situations specified, impressions were more accurate in predicting differences among children in over-all, actual aggression. 
C)  When people are not allowed to use qualifiers or conditional statements they were better able to predict aggression in children. 
D)  People were asked how another person typically behaves and then how that person behaves in a specific situation. 
A)  Subjects were asked to choose the most plausible explanations of behavior from definitions of several such explanations. 
B)  With situations specified, impressions were more accurate in predicting differences among children in over-all, actual aggression. 
C)  When people are not allowed to use qualifiers or conditional statements they were better able to predict aggression in children. 
D)  People were asked how another person typically behaves and then how that person behaves in a specific situation.

Question 11

All of the following are characteristics of externals, relative to internals, except one. Which is NOT a characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  conformist and compliant 
B)  maladjusted 
C)  worn out and uptight 
D)  low anxiety 
A)  conformist and compliant 
B)  maladjusted 
C)  worn out and uptight 
D)  low anxiety

Question 12

In the Gambler's Fallacy people believe that in the long run they will win

Accepted Answer

A)  people believe that in the long run they will win 
B)  people believe that in the short run they will win 
C)  people expect that a failure on one attempt means that failure on a subsequent attempt becomes more
likely 
D)  people expect that a failure on one attempt means that success on a subsequent attempt becomes more
likely 
A)  people believe that in the long run they will win 
B)  people believe that in the short run they will win 
C)  people expect that a failure on one attempt means that failure on a subsequent attempt becomes more
likely 
D)  people expect that a failure on one attempt means that success on a subsequent attempt becomes more
likely

Question 13

All except one of the following were interests of Mischel during his undergraduate years. Which was NOT an interest?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychology 
B)  painting 
C)  ESP (Extrasensory Perception) 
D)  sculpture 
A)  psychology 
B)  painting 
C)  ESP (Extrasensory Perception) 
D)  sculpture

Question 14

All except one of the following are alternatives for items on the I-E scale. Which is NOT an alternative on the scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  I'm a pretty confident person. I can make things happen. 
B)  I live my life one day at a time. 
C)  My voice is heard above the crowd. 
D)  I'm pretty much indifferent. 
A)  I'm a pretty confident person. I can make things happen. 
B)  I live my life one day at a time. 
C)  My voice is heard above the crowd. 
D)  I'm pretty much indifferent.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct description of results of studies on Locus of control and mental/physical health and fiscal and work orientations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hexal (2003) found that internals scored lower on alexithymia scales. 
B)  Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients were highest among bowel patients on "controlled by powerful others." 
C)  Externals were more prone to budgeting their money. 
D)  the stronger the "work persistence" the higher the work internality 
A)  Hexal (2003) found that internals scored lower on alexithymia scales. 
B)  Irritable Bowel Syndrome patients were highest among bowel patients on "controlled by powerful others." 
C)  Externals were more prone to budgeting their money. 
D)  the stronger the "work persistence" the higher the work internality

Question 16

The feature(s) of a situation

Accepted Answer

A)  are the physical factors that one must take into account in pursuing the reinforcements that a situation has to offer 
B)  is some part of the total situation, such as factors associated with people who are present when the situation is unfolding 
C)  refer to the range of elements of a situation compared to another situation 
D)  refer to the specific elements associated with a situation 
A)  are the physical factors that one must take into account in pursuing the reinforcements that a situation has to offer 
B)  is some part of the total situation, such as factors associated with people who are present when the situation is unfolding 
C)  refer to the range of elements of a situation compared to another situation 
D)  refer to the specific elements associated with a situation

Question 17

Shoda, Mischel and Wright (1993) scored all of the following behaviors of summer-camp-children except one. Which one did they NOT score?

Accepted Answer

A)  physical aggression 
B)  passive aggression 
C)  pro-social behavior 
D)  compliant behavior 
A)  physical aggression 
B)  passive aggression 
C)  pro-social behavior 
D)  compliant behavior

Question 18

All of the following except one are among the strategies that children adopt to delay gratification. Which is NOT one of their strategies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children attempt to bargain with other children present for a more desirable object as a means of delaying "consumption" of the object that they currently possess. 
B)  covering up the preferred objects (M&Ms) or leaving them in the open 
C)  thinking of the preferred object abstractly (M&Ms are buttons not "yummy") or concretely 
D)  thinking of the task at hand or the future enjoyability of the preferred object 
A)  Children attempt to bargain with other children present for a more desirable object as a means of delaying "consumption" of the object that they currently possess. 
B)  covering up the preferred objects (M&Ms) or leaving them in the open 
C)  thinking of the preferred object abstractly (M&Ms are buttons not "yummy") or concretely 
D)  thinking of the task at hand or the future enjoyability of the preferred object

Question 19

What kind of language have Mischel and colleagues come to use in describing the behavior-situation relations that are peculiar to particular individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  logistic 
B)  probabilistic 
C)  inferential 
D)  if-then 
A)  logistic 
B)  probabilistic 
C)  inferential 
D)  if-then

Question 20

Which did the external profiled in the text say about himself?

Accepted Answer

A)  I'm the smartest man I know. 
B)  I've tried to help people plan for their future. 
C)  It's better to be lucky than good. 
D)  People who try too hard alienate others. 
A)  I'm the smartest man I know. 
B)  I've tried to help people plan for their future. 
C)  It's better to be lucky than good. 
D)  People who try too hard alienate others.

What important factor did Mischel and colleagues find was significantly correlated with delay of gratification?

According to Mischel, success

Which is NOT an item on the I-E scale?

Social learning is

Mischel was born near the professional residence of which of the following?

How did Mischel expand on Rotter's social learning theory?

Who does Mischel credit with being his mentor?

What was Rotter's problem when he arrived at the University of Iowa?

Rotter's Ph.D. degree was in

How did Shoda, Mischel and Wright (1989) show that people are interactionists?

All of the following are characteristics of externals, relative to internals, except one. Which is NOT a characteristic?

In the Gambler's Fallacy people believe that in the long run they will win

All except one of the following were interests of Mischel during his undergraduate years. Which was NOT an interest?

All except one of the following are alternatives for items on the I-E scale. Which is NOT an alternative on the scale?

Which of the following is a correct description of results of studies on Locus of control and mental/physical health and fiscal and work orientations?

The feature(s) of a situation

Shoda, Mischel and Wright (1993) scored all of the following behaviors of summer-camp-children except one. Which one did they NOT score?

All of the following except one are among the strategies that children adopt to delay gratification. Which is NOT one of their strategies?

What kind of language have Mischel and colleagues come to use in describing the behavior-situation relations that are peculiar to particular individuals?

Which did the external profiled in the text say about himself?

Introduction

The Psychoanalytic Legacy: Sigmund Freud

Personalitys Ancestral Foundation: Carl Jung

Overcoming Inferiority and Striving for Superiority: Alfred Adler

Moving Toward, Away From, and Against Others: Karen Horney

Personality From the Interpersonal Perspective: Harry Stack Sullivan

The Seasons of Our Lives: Erik Erikson

The Sociopsychological Approach to Personality: Erich Fromm

Every Person Is to Be Prized: Carl Rogers

Becoming All That One Can Be: Abraham Maslow

Marching to a Different Drummer: George Kelly

Thinking Ahead and Learning Mastery of Ones Circumstances: Albert Bandura

Its All a Matter of Consequences: B.F Skinner

Human Needs and Environmental Press: Henry a Murray

The Trait Approach to Personality: Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck

Personality Development and Prejudice: Gordon Allport

Where Is Personality Theory Going

Filters

Exam 12: The Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality: Walter Mischel and Julian Rotter

What important factor did Mischel and colleagues find was significantly correlated with delay of gratification?

According to Mischel, success

Which is NOT an item on the I-E scale?

Social learning is

Mischel was born near the professional residence of which of the following?

How did Mischel expand on Rotter's social learning theory?

Who does Mischel credit with being his mentor?

What was Rotter's problem when he arrived at the University of Iowa?

Rotter's Ph.D. degree was in

How did Shoda, Mischel and Wright (1989) show that people are interactionists?

All of the following are characteristics of externals, relative to internals, except one. Which is NOT a characteristic?

In the Gambler's Fallacy people believe that in the long run they will win

All except one of the following were interests of Mischel during his undergraduate years. Which was NOT an interest?

All except one of the following are alternatives for items on the I-E scale. Which is NOT an alternative on the scale?

Which of the following is a correct description of results of studies on Locus of control and mental/physical health and fiscal and work orientations?

The feature(s) of a situation

Shoda, Mischel and Wright (1993) scored all of the following behaviors of summer-camp-children except one. Which one did they NOT score?

All of the following except one are among the strategies that children adopt to delay gratification. Which is NOT one of their strategies?

What kind of language have Mischel and colleagues come to use in describing the behavior-situation relations that are peculiar to particular individuals?

Which did the external profiled in the text say about himself?

Introduction

The Psychoanalytic Legacy: Sigmund Freud

Personalitys Ancestral Foundation: Carl Jung

Overcoming Inferiority and Striving for Superiority: Alfred Adler

Moving Toward, Away From, and Against Others: Karen Horney

Personality From the Interpersonal Perspective: Harry Stack Sullivan

The Seasons of Our Lives: Erik Erikson

The Sociopsychological Approach to Personality: Erich Fromm

Every Person Is to Be Prized: Carl Rogers

Becoming All That One Can Be: Abraham Maslow

Marching to a Different Drummer: George Kelly

Thinking Ahead and Learning Mastery of Ones Circumstances: Albert Bandura

Its All a Matter of Consequences: B.F Skinner

Human Needs and Environmental Press: Henry a Murray

The Trait Approach to Personality: Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck

Personality Development and Prejudice: Gordon Allport

Where Is Personality Theory Going

Filters