Question 1

What determines the assignment of a label for a factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  chance 
B)  The analysis alone determines the assignment. 
C)  the researcher's best judgment 
D)  a new analysis especially designed to name labels 
A)  chance 
B)  The analysis alone determines the assignment. 
C)  the researcher's best judgment 
D)  a new analysis especially designed to name labels

Question 2

A study comparing 1984 children/families with 1998 children and their parents in Kenya found

Accepted Answer

A)  no change over the period 
B)  a decline in intelligence over the period 
C)  no clear result 
D)  a large fluid intelligence increase over the period 
A)  no change over the period 
B)  a decline in intelligence over the period 
C)  no clear result 
D)  a large fluid intelligence increase over the period

Question 3

The "analysis" in factor analysis refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the process of exploring a raw data set using the "eyeball technique" in search of regularities 
B)  the "talking process" that is used with the client 
C)  a series of statistical procedures involving intercorrelations among items and correlations of items with item-clusters, ending in a factor 
D)  a method that specifies a theory, derives a hypothesis from that theory, tests the hypothesis, draws conclusions, and projects those conclusions back onto the theory 
A)  the process of exploring a raw data set using the "eyeball technique" in search of regularities 
B)  the "talking process" that is used with the client 
C)  a series of statistical procedures involving intercorrelations among items and correlations of items with item-clusters, ending in a factor 
D)  a method that specifies a theory, derives a hypothesis from that theory, tests the hypothesis, draws conclusions, and projects those conclusions back onto the theory

Question 4

"Primary" refers to (Cattell)

Accepted Answer

A)  factors that are neither at the top or the bottom of the hierarchy of personality components, but can shift about the middle 
B)  factors that encompass several more restricted factors and are called superfactors 
C)  factors that are relatively pure and narrow in scope; it can be arranged that they are statistically independent 
D)  correlations of particular items with a given factor 
A)  factors that are neither at the top or the bottom of the hierarchy of personality components, but can shift about the middle 
B)  factors that encompass several more restricted factors and are called superfactors 
C)  factors that are relatively pure and narrow in scope; it can be arranged that they are statistically independent 
D)  correlations of particular items with a given factor

Question 5

Howard Gardner's varieties of intelligence included all but one of the following. Which did it NOT include?

Accepted Answer

A)  body-kinesthetic 
B)  creativity 
C)  the ability to know one's self and to know others 
D)  abilities that amount to "g" 
A)  body-kinesthetic 
B)  creativity 
C)  the ability to know one's self and to know others 
D)  abilities that amount to "g"

Question 6

The basic assumption behind factor analysis is

Accepted Answer

A)  each measure is unrelated to each other measure 
B)  all measures relate to a significant degree to all other measures 
C)  certain simple responses intercorrelate or vary together and thus are grouped together 
D)  certain simple responses are entirely independent of each other and cannot be related to each other 
A)  each measure is unrelated to each other measure 
B)  all measures relate to a significant degree to all other measures 
C)  certain simple responses intercorrelate or vary together and thus are grouped together 
D)  certain simple responses are entirely independent of each other and cannot be related to each other

Question 7

Eugenics is

Accepted Answer

A)  now dead and gone 
B)  still an issue in Canada 
C)  very much alive and well in the United States where it is still applied to severely retarded people 
D)  died with the Nazis 
A)  now dead and gone 
B)  still an issue in Canada 
C)  very much alive and well in the United States where it is still applied to severely retarded people 
D)  died with the Nazis

Question 8

What did the APA apparently consider when Cattell was awarded a Gold Metal? Only

Accepted Answer

A)  his alleged racism 
B)  his esteemed family background 
C)  his scientific contributions 
D)  the 16PF 
A)  his alleged racism 
B)  his esteemed family background 
C)  his scientific contributions 
D)  the 16PF

Question 9

Of the personality dimensions mentioned in this book, which has received the most research attention?

Accepted Answer

A)  ego-strength 
B)  internal-external 
C)  delay of gratification 
D)  extraversion 
A)  ego-strength 
B)  internal-external 
C)  delay of gratification 
D)  extraversion

Question 10

Which is true of Eysenck's beliefs about the three factors he emphasized?

Accepted Answer

A)  that there are other factors that have yet to be discovered 
B)  A person doesn't belong either to one end of each dimension, or the other. 
C)  His rank ordering of the importance of the factors is 1) Neuroticism, 2) Psychoticism, 3) Extraversion-introversion. 
D)  that Psychoticism is more researched is because of its stronger implications for disturbed behavior 
A)  that there are other factors that have yet to be discovered 
B)  A person doesn't belong either to one end of each dimension, or the other. 
C)  His rank ordering of the importance of the factors is 1) Neuroticism, 2) Psychoticism, 3) Extraversion-introversion. 
D)  that Psychoticism is more researched is because of its stronger implications for disturbed behavior

Question 11

All except one of the following was true of Cattell's early career. Which was NOT true of his early career?

Accepted Answer

A)  He became involved in the eugenics movement. 
B)  He had a stomach disorder. 
C)  His first wife died. 
D)  He was hired at Columbus University, New York City, by Edward Thorndike. 
A)  He became involved in the eugenics movement. 
B)  He had a stomach disorder. 
C)  His first wife died. 
D)  He was hired at Columbus University, New York City, by Edward Thorndike.

Question 12

Heritability

Accepted Answer

A)  is simply another name for the nature-nurture debate 
B)  assumes that all of a trait is determined by the genes, then attempts to assess which of several candidate genes is most important to the trait 
C)  popularly refers to the proportion of the variability in a trait that is accounted for by the genes 
D)  refers to a research design for discovering which is more important for the determination of personality traits, nature or nurture 
A)  is simply another name for the nature-nurture debate 
B)  assumes that all of a trait is determined by the genes, then attempts to assess which of several candidate genes is most important to the trait 
C)  popularly refers to the proportion of the variability in a trait that is accounted for by the genes 
D)  refers to a research design for discovering which is more important for the determination of personality traits, nature or nurture

Question 13

Which of the following refers to a surface trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  emotionality 
B)  traits which are correlated but do not form a factor, hence, determined by more than influence 
C)  a tendency to wink upon completing the expression of a question 
D)  "I like scuba diving" 
A)  emotionality 
B)  traits which are correlated but do not form a factor, hence, determined by more than influence 
C)  a tendency to wink upon completing the expression of a question 
D)  "I like scuba diving"

Question 14

A temperament trait is

Accepted Answer

A)  exclusively related to the motor skills 
B)  refers to motivations and interests 
C)  a general personality trait that is usually stylistic, in the sense that it deals with such matters as tempo and persistence 
D)  reflected in the manner of response to the complexity of a situation, selected after the individual is clear on what goals he or she wants to achieve in that situation 
A)  exclusively related to the motor skills 
B)  refers to motivations and interests 
C)  a general personality trait that is usually stylistic, in the sense that it deals with such matters as tempo and persistence 
D)  reflected in the manner of response to the complexity of a situation, selected after the individual is clear on what goals he or she wants to achieve in that situation

Question 15

Across two studies investigating the heritability of factors such as ego-strength, super-ego strength and self-sentiment, Cattell and his colleagues found

Accepted Answer

A)  estimates across the two studies were later judged by Cattell to be incorrect 
B)  results of one study were not entirely in line with those of the other study 
C)  heritability was equal and high for all the factors across the studies 
D)  heritability was equal and low for all the factors across the studies 
A)  estimates across the two studies were later judged by Cattell to be incorrect 
B)  results of one study were not entirely in line with those of the other study 
C)  heritability was equal and high for all the factors across the studies 
D)  heritability was equal and low for all the factors across the studies

Question 16

Which of the following represents Eysenck's greatest contribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  his thesis that the genes determine personality 
B)  he has help make extraversion-introversion the king of personality concepts 
C)  his insistence that there are only three second-order factors 
D)  his development of measures of Neuroticism and Psychoticism 
A)  his thesis that the genes determine personality 
B)  he has help make extraversion-introversion the king of personality concepts 
C)  his insistence that there are only three second-order factors 
D)  his development of measures of Neuroticism and Psychoticism

Question 17

If a boy has the null version of the MAOA gene relating to violent behavior, how will he turn out?

Accepted Answer

A)  He will be aggression-prone only if he is maltreated. 
B)  He will be very violent. 
C)  His aggression proneness can't be predicted. 
D)  Predictions are impossible. 
A)  He will be aggression-prone only if he is maltreated. 
B)  He will be very violent. 
C)  His aggression proneness can't be predicted. 
D)  Predictions are impossible.

Question 18

Personality

Accepted Answer

A)  involves detecting regularities in data leading to a hypothesis from which consequences are deduced, leading to further data from which new regularities are induced, and so forth 
B)  is that which tells what a person will do when placed in a particular situation 
C)  is a framework that integrates environmental situations with characteristics of the person in attempts to understand the person 
D)  is a procedure for determining the number and nature of factors underlying larger numbers of measures 
A)  involves detecting regularities in data leading to a hypothesis from which consequences are deduced, leading to further data from which new regularities are induced, and so forth 
B)  is that which tells what a person will do when placed in a particular situation 
C)  is a framework that integrates environmental situations with characteristics of the person in attempts to understand the person 
D)  is a procedure for determining the number and nature of factors underlying larger numbers of measures

Question 19

What do Australian Aboriginal children show more of than Australian children of European heritage?

Accepted Answer

A)  quantitative ability 
B)  verbal ability 
C)  spatial-visual ability 
D)  abstract thinking ability 
A)  quantitative ability 
B)  verbal ability 
C)  spatial-visual ability 
D)  abstract thinking ability

Question 20

An ability trait is

Accepted Answer

A)  exclusively related to the motor skills 
B)  refers to motivations and interests 
C)  a general personality trait that is usually stylistic, in the sense that it deals with such matters as tempo and persistence 
D)  reflected in the manner of response to the complexity of a situation, selected after the individual is clear on what goals he or she wants to achieve in that situation 
A)  exclusively related to the motor skills 
B)  refers to motivations and interests 
C)  a general personality trait that is usually stylistic, in the sense that it deals with such matters as tempo and persistence 
D)  reflected in the manner of response to the complexity of a situation, selected after the individual is clear on what goals he or she wants to achieve in that situation

What determines the assignment of a label for a factor?

A study comparing 1984 children/families with 1998 children and their parents in Kenya found

The "analysis" in factor analysis refers to

"Primary" refers to (Cattell)

Howard Gardner's varieties of intelligence included all but one of the following. Which did it NOT include?

The basic assumption behind factor analysis is

Eugenics is

What did the APA apparently consider when Cattell was awarded a Gold Metal? Only

Of the personality dimensions mentioned in this book, which has received the most research attention?

Which is true of Eysenck's beliefs about the three factors he emphasized?

All except one of the following was true of Cattell's early career. Which was NOT true of his early career?

Heritability

Which of the following refers to a surface trait?

A temperament trait is

Across two studies investigating the heritability of factors such as ego-strength, super-ego strength and self-sentiment, Cattell and his colleagues found

Which of the following represents Eysenck's greatest contribution?

If a boy has the null version of the MAOA gene relating to violent behavior, how will he turn out?

Personality

What do Australian Aboriginal children show more of than Australian children of European heritage?

An ability trait is

Introduction

The Psychoanalytic Legacy: Sigmund Freud

Personalitys Ancestral Foundation: Carl Jung

Overcoming Inferiority and Striving for Superiority: Alfred Adler

Moving Toward, Away From, and Against Others: Karen Horney

Personality From the Interpersonal Perspective: Harry Stack Sullivan

The Seasons of Our Lives: Erik Erikson

The Sociopsychological Approach to Personality: Erich Fromm

Every Person Is to Be Prized: Carl Rogers

Becoming All That One Can Be: Abraham Maslow

Marching to a Different Drummer: George Kelly

The Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality: Walter Mischel and Julian Rotter

Thinking Ahead and Learning Mastery of Ones Circumstances: Albert Bandura

Its All a Matter of Consequences: B.F Skinner

Human Needs and Environmental Press: Henry a Murray

Personality Development and Prejudice: Gordon Allport

Where Is Personality Theory Going

Filters

Exam 16: The Trait Approach to Personality: Raymond Cattell and Hans Eysenck

What determines the assignment of a label for a factor?

A study comparing 1984 children/families with 1998 children and their parents in Kenya found

The "analysis" in factor analysis refers to

"Primary" refers to (Cattell)

Howard Gardner's varieties of intelligence included all but one of the following. Which did it NOT include?

The basic assumption behind factor analysis is

Eugenics is

What did the APA apparently consider when Cattell was awarded a Gold Metal? Only

Of the personality dimensions mentioned in this book, which has received the most research attention?

Which is true of Eysenck's beliefs about the three factors he emphasized?

All except one of the following was true of Cattell's early career. Which was NOT true of his early career?

Heritability

Which of the following refers to a surface trait?

A temperament trait is

Across two studies investigating the heritability of factors such as ego-strength, super-ego strength and self-sentiment, Cattell and his colleagues found

Which of the following represents Eysenck's greatest contribution?

If a boy has the null version of the MAOA gene relating to violent behavior, how will he turn out?

Personality

What do Australian Aboriginal children show more of than Australian children of European heritage?

An ability trait is

Introduction

The Psychoanalytic Legacy: Sigmund Freud

Personalitys Ancestral Foundation: Carl Jung

Overcoming Inferiority and Striving for Superiority: Alfred Adler

Moving Toward, Away From, and Against Others: Karen Horney

Personality From the Interpersonal Perspective: Harry Stack Sullivan

The Seasons of Our Lives: Erik Erikson

The Sociopsychological Approach to Personality: Erich Fromm

Every Person Is to Be Prized: Carl Rogers

Becoming All That One Can Be: Abraham Maslow

Marching to a Different Drummer: George Kelly

The Social-Cognitive Approach to Personality: Walter Mischel and Julian Rotter

Thinking Ahead and Learning Mastery of Ones Circumstances: Albert Bandura

Its All a Matter of Consequences: B.F Skinner

Human Needs and Environmental Press: Henry a Murray

Personality Development and Prejudice: Gordon Allport

Where Is Personality Theory Going

Filters