Question 1

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  During the late nineteenth century, the primary pedagogical methods of physical education were gymnastics, calisthenics, and exercise programs. 
B)  The best known of these physical education programs were based on the work of the German system of gymnastics developed by Friedrich Jahn. 
C)  The German Turners who immigrated to the United States believed in the value of physical education and actively campaigned for mandatory physical education in the nation's schools. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  B and C only. 
A)  During the late nineteenth century, the primary pedagogical methods of physical education were gymnastics, calisthenics, and exercise programs. 
B)  The best known of these physical education programs were based on the work of the German system of gymnastics developed by Friedrich Jahn. 
C)  The German Turners who immigrated to the United States believed in the value of physical education and actively campaigned for mandatory physical education in the nation's schools. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  B and C only.

Question 2

The influence of evolutionary principles in the latter half of the 19th century affected attitudes about health, exercise, and bodily development of women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Dr. George Fitz, a research physiologist at Harvard's Lawrence Scientific School

Accepted Answer

A)  admonished his physical education colleagues on their lack of high quality research. 
B)  cautioned the AAAPE that physical education must not rely on general assumptions that are not based on the findings of science. 
C)  believed that many of the so-called theories used by physical educators were valueless because they were not based on scientific experiments or experience but instead were accepted a priori (based on assumptions or other theories). 
D)  many physical educators disagreed with Fitz on the scope of physical education and believed, as did Dr. Edward Hartwell, that physical education was central to being human which exasperated the scientific minded Fitz. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  admonished his physical education colleagues on their lack of high quality research. 
B)  cautioned the AAAPE that physical education must not rely on general assumptions that are not based on the findings of science. 
C)  believed that many of the so-called theories used by physical educators were valueless because they were not based on scientific experiments or experience but instead were accepted a priori (based on assumptions or other theories). 
D)  many physical educators disagreed with Fitz on the scope of physical education and believed, as did Dr. Edward Hartwell, that physical education was central to being human which exasperated the scientific minded Fitz. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 4

With regard to evolution, what did physical education believe?

Accepted Answer

A)  The theory of evolution was combined with physiological assumptions about the relationship between mind and body to justify physical education. 
B)  Exercise was believed to be a measure of biological improvement. 
C)  Improvements in physical stature were symbolic of mental and moral improvements as well. 
D)  Physical education was of benefit to the human race because individual physical improvements would enhance the entire evolutionary process of the human race. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  The theory of evolution was combined with physiological assumptions about the relationship between mind and body to justify physical education. 
B)  Exercise was believed to be a measure of biological improvement. 
C)  Improvements in physical stature were symbolic of mental and moral improvements as well. 
D)  Physical education was of benefit to the human race because individual physical improvements would enhance the entire evolutionary process of the human race. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 5

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The professional preparation of physical education teachers was, and remains today, a critical issue 
B)  During the nineteenth century, many physical educators were trained in private normal schools. 
C)  The majority of the leadership in AAAPE were physicians. As a result, a medical degree was required for physical educators who desired to teach in a college or university during the later part of the nineteenth century. 
D)  Dio Lewis and Catherine Beecher designed a physical education curriculum that was exclusively used for women students. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  The professional preparation of physical education teachers was, and remains today, a critical issue 
B)  During the nineteenth century, many physical educators were trained in private normal schools. 
C)  The majority of the leadership in AAAPE were physicians. As a result, a medical degree was required for physical educators who desired to teach in a college or university during the later part of the nineteenth century. 
D)  Dio Lewis and Catherine Beecher designed a physical education curriculum that was exclusively used for women students. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 6

During this era, which of the following occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  Biology became the premiere science. 
B)  Health Reform was a major issue. 
C)  The work of Charles Darwin had a major impact upon society. 
D)  There was great social and institutional change (radical change) in America. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  Biology became the premiere science. 
B)  Health Reform was a major issue. 
C)  The work of Charles Darwin had a major impact upon society. 
D)  There was great social and institutional change (radical change) in America. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 7

Which of the following is true? During the 19th century

Accepted Answer

A)  a major concern of both Americans and Europeans was health. 
B)  health promotion in the form of health enhancement techniques and benefit were popular in America. 
C)  the occurrence of disease in America was routine. 
D)  the state of medical knowledge during this era was very poor. As a result, physicians and other "healers" were not very good at treating illness and enhancing health. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  a major concern of both Americans and Europeans was health. 
B)  health promotion in the form of health enhancement techniques and benefit were popular in America. 
C)  the occurrence of disease in America was routine. 
D)  the state of medical knowledge during this era was very poor. As a result, physicians and other "healers" were not very good at treating illness and enhancing health. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 8

Dudley Sargent

Accepted Answer

A)  operated the Harvard Summer School of Physical Education in 1887. 
B)  graduated more than 5,000 students. 
C)  Did not contribute much to the professional training of PE teachers. 
D)  None of the above. 
E)  A and B only. 
A)  operated the Harvard Summer School of Physical Education in 1887. 
B)  graduated more than 5,000 students. 
C)  Did not contribute much to the professional training of PE teachers. 
D)  None of the above. 
E)  A and B only.

Question 9

Exercise for women was enthusiastically endorsed by men and women physical educators.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

With regard to the development of physical education in the later part of the nineteenth-century, which of the following was true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mind is in part a product of our biology. 
B)  Character can be acquired through the exercise of the will. 
C)  The identification of neural pathways was used to build a strong case for exercise as essential to the healthy, integrated self. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  A and C only. 
A)  The mind is in part a product of our biology. 
B)  Character can be acquired through the exercise of the will. 
C)  The identification of neural pathways was used to build a strong case for exercise as essential to the healthy, integrated self. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  A and C only.

Question 11

The emergence of the American middle class and attendant bureaucratic society

Accepted Answer

A)  came about during the 19th century. 
B)  was based upon (1) specialization and (2) expertise. 
C)  fashioned a whole new set of values, ideas, and beliefs. 
D)  was the basis upon which the emerging profession of physical education began to build its theory base. 
E)  All of the above. 
A)  came about during the 19th century. 
B)  was based upon (1) specialization and (2) expertise. 
C)  fashioned a whole new set of values, ideas, and beliefs. 
D)  was the basis upon which the emerging profession of physical education began to build its theory base. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 12

The discussion of the nature of the will and its relationship with the body was the focus of research and scholarly work in physical education during this era.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The German Turners were a significant force in the United States relative to arguing in favor of mandatory PE in the public schools.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The first professional organization of physical educators was known as "American Association for the Advancement of Physical Education" (AAAPE).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Beecher was opposed to the use of weight training of any kind and frowned upon her students who sought to develop strong and beautiful bodies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The election of President Andrew Jackson in 1828

Accepted Answer

A)  ushered in an era where the "common man" was embraced by Jackson as the backbone of the nation. 
B)  resulted in an atmosphere of essential distrust of the intellectual and economic elite by the "common man". 
C)  common people did not like the professional monopolies of the lawyers and physicians. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  ushered in an era where the "common man" was embraced by Jackson as the backbone of the nation. 
B)  resulted in an atmosphere of essential distrust of the intellectual and economic elite by the "common man". 
C)  common people did not like the professional monopolies of the lawyers and physicians. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 17

With regard to the changing scope of the profession of physical education, which is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Those people who resisted reform in PE continued to promote gymnastic exercises as the heart of PE and believed anthropometry was the central core of research in PE. 
B)  The people who sought reform based their reform on Play Theory which utilized play, games, and sports, as the methodology of physical education. 
C)  The attitude toward reformism was unique to physical education and did not involve cultural transformation in any sense. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  A and B only. 
A)  Those people who resisted reform in PE continued to promote gymnastic exercises as the heart of PE and believed anthropometry was the central core of research in PE. 
B)  The people who sought reform based their reform on Play Theory which utilized play, games, and sports, as the methodology of physical education. 
C)  The attitude toward reformism was unique to physical education and did not involve cultural transformation in any sense. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  A and B only.

Question 18

Who called the meeting of November 27, 1885 that brought professionals in the field of physical education together?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dudley Sargent, M.D. 
B)  Wm.G. Anderson, M.D. 
C)  Catherine Beecher 
D)  Dr. Dio Lewis 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Dudley Sargent, M.D. 
B)  Wm.G. Anderson, M.D. 
C)  Catherine Beecher 
D)  Dr. Dio Lewis 
E)  None of the above.

Question 19

Which of the following is true? Between 1885-1900

Accepted Answer

A)  the questions generated by physical educators were influenced by post - Darwin thought. 
B)  Anthropometry was a very popular research tool. 
C)  Physical education believed that the means to improve the physical, mental, and moral aspects of the race was through exercise. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  the questions generated by physical educators were influenced by post - Darwin thought. 
B)  Anthropometry was a very popular research tool. 
C)  Physical education believed that the means to improve the physical, mental, and moral aspects of the race was through exercise. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 20

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  As we approach the new millennium, physicians, physical educators, and other allied health professionals continue to investigate the link between health and its relationship with the mind and body. 
B)  The dualistic approach to understanding issues concerning health has been an area of interest for centuries. 
C)  It was during the nineteenth-century that a dialogue between physicians and physical educators began over the relationship between mind and body with regard to health. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  B and C only. 
A)  As we approach the new millennium, physicians, physical educators, and other allied health professionals continue to investigate the link between health and its relationship with the mind and body. 
B)  The dualistic approach to understanding issues concerning health has been an area of interest for centuries. 
C)  It was during the nineteenth-century that a dialogue between physicians and physical educators began over the relationship between mind and body with regard to health. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  B and C only.

Which of the following is true?

The influence of evolutionary principles in the latter half of the 19^th century affected attitudes about health, exercise, and bodily development of women.

Dr. George Fitz, a research physiologist at Harvard's Lawrence Scientific School

With regard to evolution, what did physical education believe?

Which of the following is true?

During this era, which of the following occurred?

Which of the following is true? During the 19^th century

Dudley Sargent

Exercise for women was enthusiastically endorsed by men and women physical educators.

With regard to the development of physical education in the later part of the nineteenth-century, which of the following was true?

The emergence of the American middle class and attendant bureaucratic society

The discussion of the nature of the will and its relationship with the body was the focus of research and scholarly work in physical education during this era.

The German Turners were a significant force in the United States relative to arguing in favor of mandatory PE in the public schools.

The first professional organization of physical educators was known as "American Association for the Advancement of Physical Education" (AAAPE).

Beecher was opposed to the use of weight training of any kind and frowned upon her students who sought to develop strong and beautiful bodies.

The election of President Andrew Jackson in 1828

With regard to the changing scope of the profession of physical education, which is true?

Who called the meeting of November 27, 1885 that brought professionals in the field of physical education together?

Which of the following is true? Between 1885-1900

Which of the following is true?

History and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Education

Summer, Egypt, China and Mesoamerica

Greece

Rome

Philosophy, Sport, and Physical Education During the Middle Ages: 900-1400

The Renaissance and the Reformation: 1300-1600

The Age of Science and the Enlightenment: 1560-1789

Philosophical Positions of the Body and the Development of Physical Education

Sport in the Colonial Period

Changing Concepts of the Body: An Overview of Sport and Play in Nineteenth-Century America

The Transformation of Physical Education: 1900 - 1939

The Evolution of Physical Education: 1940 and Beyond

Sport in the Twentieth Centur

Pioneers and Progress: 1896 - 1936

The Cold War Olympics: 1948 - 1988

After the Cold War: 1992 - 2012

Filters

Exam 11: The Impact of Science and the Concept of Health on the Theoretical Andprofessional Development of Physical Education: 1885 - 1930

Which of the following is true?

The influence of evolutionary principles in the latter half of the 19th century affected attitudes about health, exercise, and bodily development of women.

Dr. George Fitz, a research physiologist at Harvard's Lawrence Scientific School

With regard to evolution, what did physical education believe?

Which of the following is true?

During this era, which of the following occurred?

Which of the following is true? During the 19th century

Dudley Sargent

Exercise for women was enthusiastically endorsed by men and women physical educators.

With regard to the development of physical education in the later part of the nineteenth-century, which of the following was true?

The emergence of the American middle class and attendant bureaucratic society

The discussion of the nature of the will and its relationship with the body was the focus of research and scholarly work in physical education during this era.

The German Turners were a significant force in the United States relative to arguing in favor of mandatory PE in the public schools.

The first professional organization of physical educators was known as "American Association for the Advancement of Physical Education" (AAAPE).

Beecher was opposed to the use of weight training of any kind and frowned upon her students who sought to develop strong and beautiful bodies.

The election of President Andrew Jackson in 1828

With regard to the changing scope of the profession of physical education, which is true?

Who called the meeting of November 27, 1885 that brought professionals in the field of physical education together?

Which of the following is true? Between 1885-1900

Which of the following is true?

History and Philosophy of Sport and Physical Education

Summer, Egypt, China and Mesoamerica

Greece

Rome

Philosophy, Sport, and Physical Education During the Middle Ages: 900-1400

The Renaissance and the Reformation: 1300-1600

The Age of Science and the Enlightenment: 1560-1789

Philosophical Positions of the Body and the Development of Physical Education

Sport in the Colonial Period

Changing Concepts of the Body: An Overview of Sport and Play in Nineteenth-Century America

The Transformation of Physical Education: 1900 - 1939

The Evolution of Physical Education: 1940 and Beyond

Sport in the Twentieth Centur

Pioneers and Progress: 1896 - 1936

The Cold War Olympics: 1948 - 1988

After the Cold War: 1992 - 2012

Filters

The influence of evolutionary principles in the latter half of the 19^th century affected attitudes about health, exercise, and bodily development of women.

Which of the following is true? During the 19^th century