Exam 20: Bones, Joints, and Soft Tissue Tumors

The autosomal dominant bone disorder caused by a mutation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is characterized by short stature, rhizomelic shortening of limbs, frontal bossing of the skull, and midface abnormalities. Which of the following disorders is described by these characteristics?

Osteoid osteoma is a small benign bone tumor associated with pain that is disproportionate to the size of the lesion. This pain is caused by an excess of which of the following substances?

Which of the following muscle diseases is classified as an ion channel myopathy (channelopathy)?

A 20-year-old man is being treated for a soft tissue tumor of the lower extremity. The tumor is composed of malignant spindle-shaped cells and epithelial cells that form gland-like structures. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Trinucleotide CTG repeat expansion plays a role in the pathogenesis of which of the following muscle diseases?

Loss of heterozygosity, structural rearrangements, or point mutations of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB) are found in 60%-70% of all sporadic bone tumors. Which of the following is the best classification for this tumor?

The primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of soft tissues has the same histologic features and the same chromosomal translocation as which of the following bone tumors?

Compression fractures of vertebral bodies seen in elderly women are causally related to reduced recruitment of osteoclasts. This process is associated with an increased concentration of which chemical mediators in the bone?