Question 1

Damasio supports which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The brain functions as a system. 
B)  The brain consists of specialized parts. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b. 
A)  The brain functions as a system. 
B)  The brain consists of specialized parts. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b. C

Question 2

The data suggest a clear relationship between genetic similarity and personality similarity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Provide an example of one finding that supports evolutionary psychologists' views about the biological basis of personality functioning, and one finding that appears to contradict their views.

Accepted Answer

One finding that supports evolutionary psychologists' views about the biological basis of personality functioning is the research on the Big Five personality traits. Studies have shown that these traits, which include openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, have a strong genetic component. This suggests that our personality traits are at least partially determined by our biological makeup, supporting the idea that personality has evolved to serve specific adaptive functions.

On the other hand, a finding that appears to contradict evolutionary psychologists' views is the research on cultural differences in personality. Studies have found that certain personality traits vary across different cultures, suggesting that they are not solely determined by biological factors. For example, individualistic cultures tend to value traits such as independence and assertiveness, while collectivist cultures may prioritize traits like harmony and cooperation. This challenges the idea that personality traits are universally adaptive and suggests that cultural and environmental factors also play a significant role in shaping personality.

Question 4

Your book describes research revealing that sexual orientation in males is predicted the number of siblings one has, regardless of whether they grew up in the same household. What did the study authors conclude?

Accepted Answer

A)  The environment, broadly construed, has very little effect on sexual orientation. 
B)  Genetics are largely responsible for sexual orientation. 
C)  Factors associated with the prenatal environment may explain sexual orientation. 
D)  None of the above. 
A)  The environment, broadly construed, has very little effect on sexual orientation. 
B)  Genetics are largely responsible for sexual orientation. 
C)  Factors associated with the prenatal environment may explain sexual orientation. 
D)  None of the above.

Question 5

What evidence is there that individual differences in personality have a biological basis? Cite evidence from both twin studies and molecular genetic studies.

Accepted Answer

There is substantial evidence to suggest

Question 6

One would expect the role of heredity in personality to decline in the following order

Accepted Answer

A)  IQ, extraversion, political views. 
B)  IQ, religiosity, neuroticism. 
C)  extraversion, political views, neuroticism. 
D)  neuroticism, extraversion, IQ. 
A)  IQ, extraversion, political views. 
B)  IQ, religiosity, neuroticism. 
C)  extraversion, political views, neuroticism. 
D)  neuroticism, extraversion, IQ.

Question 7

It can be suggested that

Accepted Answer

A)  if two individuals are identical genetically, differences between them must be due to the environment. 
B)  if two individuals are different genetically, differences between them must be due to these genetic differences. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b. 
A)  if two individuals are identical genetically, differences between them must be due to the environment. 
B)  if two individuals are different genetically, differences between them must be due to these genetic differences. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b.

Question 8

Dopamine is suggested to be most associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  PE. 
B)  NE. 
C)  C. 
D)  DvC. 
A)  PE. 
B)  NE. 
C)  C. 
D)  DvC.

Question 9

Recent behavior-genetic research suggests evidence for

Accepted Answer

A)  peer-peer rating agreement. 
B)  self-peer rating agreement. 
C)  support for genetic influences on the Big Five. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  peer-peer rating agreement. 
B)  self-peer rating agreement. 
C)  support for genetic influences on the Big Five. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 10

The person associated with phrenology is

Accepted Answer

A)  Galen. 
B)  Gall. 
C)  Sheldon. 
D)  Darwin. 
A)  Galen. 
B)  Gall. 
C)  Sheldon. 
D)  Darwin.

Question 11

Outline Kagan's conception of inhibited and uninhibited temperament and the research findings documenting the stability of these temperament styles.

Accepted Answer

Kagan's conception of inhibited and unin

Question 12

The key element of the temperament construct is individual differences in emotional quality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Genes influence environments via

Accepted Answer

A)  selection of environments. 
B)  eliciting environmental responses. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b. 
A)  selection of environments. 
B)  eliciting environmental responses. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b.

Question 14

The person known for distinguishing between inhibited and uninhibited children is

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud. 
B)  Buss. 
C)  Plomin. 
D)  Kagan. 
A)  Freud. 
B)  Buss. 
C)  Plomin. 
D)  Kagan.

Question 15

Kagan suggests that the inhibited child has

Accepted Answer

A)  low threshold of amygdala excitability. 
B)  left hemispheric dominance. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b. 
A)  low threshold of amygdala excitability. 
B)  left hemispheric dominance. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b.

Question 16

Evidence in support of a genetic contribution to personality would be if personality characteristics of identical twins reared apart were similar to

Accepted Answer

A)  identical twins reared together. 
B)  fraternal twins reared together. 
C)  fraternal twins reared apart. 
D)  siblings reared apart. 
A)  identical twins reared together. 
B)  fraternal twins reared together. 
C)  fraternal twins reared apart. 
D)  siblings reared apart.

Question 17

The research of Buss and Plomin showed evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)  continuity of temperament over time. 
B)  the heritability of temperament. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b. 
A)  continuity of temperament over time. 
B)  the heritability of temperament. 
C)  both a and b. 
D)  neither a nor b.

Question 18

Early work on longitudinal studies of temperament was conducted by

Accepted Answer

A)  Thomas and Chess. 
B)  Kagan. 
C)  Piaget. 
D)  Rothbart and Ahadi. 
A)  Thomas and Chess. 
B)  Kagan. 
C)  Piaget. 
D)  Rothbart and Ahadi.

Question 19

Dopamine has been described as the "feel good" chemical.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Research in evolutionary psychology by Cosmides on the question of cheating detection is concerned with the evolutionarily significant problem of

Accepted Answer

A)  dating. 
B)  parenting. 
C)  social exchange. 
D)  playing games. 
A)  dating. 
B)  parenting. 
C)  social exchange. 
D)  playing games.

Damasio supports which of the following?

The data suggest a clear relationship between genetic similarity and personality similarity.

Provide an example of one finding that supports evolutionary psychologists' views about the biological basis of personality functioning, and one finding that appears to contradict their views.

Your book describes research revealing that sexual orientation in males is predicted the number of siblings one has, regardless of whether they grew up in the same household. What did the study authors conclude?

What evidence is there that individual differences in personality have a biological basis? Cite evidence from both twin studies and molecular genetic studies.

One would expect the role of heredity in personality to decline in the following order

It can be suggested that

Dopamine is suggested to be most associated with

Recent behavior-genetic research suggests evidence for

The person associated with phrenology is

Outline Kagan's conception of inhibited and uninhibited temperament and the research findings documenting the stability of these temperament styles.

The key element of the temperament construct is individual differences in emotional quality.

Genes influence environments via

The person known for distinguishing between inhibited and uninhibited children is

Kagan suggests that the inhibited child has

Evidence in support of a genetic contribution to personality would be if personality characteristics of identical twins reared apart were similar to

The research of Buss and Plomin showed evidence of

Early work on longitudinal studies of temperament was conducted by

Dopamine has been described as the "feel good" chemical.

Research in evolutionary psychology by Cosmides on the question of cheating detection is concerned with the evolutionarily significant problem of

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications, and Evaluation

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

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Exam 9: Biological Foundations of Personality

Damasio supports which of the following?

The data suggest a clear relationship between genetic similarity and personality similarity.

Provide an example of one finding that supports evolutionary psychologists' views about the biological basis of personality functioning, and one finding that appears to contradict their views.

Your book describes research revealing that sexual orientation in males is predicted the number of siblings one has, regardless of whether they grew up in the same household. What did the study authors conclude?

What evidence is there that individual differences in personality have a biological basis? Cite evidence from both twin studies and molecular genetic studies.

One would expect the role of heredity in personality to decline in the following order

It can be suggested that

Dopamine is suggested to be most associated with

Recent behavior-genetic research suggests evidence for

The person associated with phrenology is

Outline Kagan's conception of inhibited and uninhibited temperament and the research findings documenting the stability of these temperament styles.

The key element of the temperament construct is individual differences in emotional quality.

Genes influence environments via

The person known for distinguishing between inhibited and uninhibited children is

Kagan suggests that the inhibited child has

Evidence in support of a genetic contribution to personality would be if personality characteristics of identical twins reared apart were similar to

The research of Buss and Plomin showed evidence of

Early work on longitudinal studies of temperament was conducted by

Dopamine has been described as the "feel good" chemical.

Research in evolutionary psychology by Cosmides on the question of cheating detection is concerned with the evolutionarily significant problem of

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications, and Evaluation

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters