Exam 2: Biological and Environmental Foundations

In humans, 23 pairs of chromosomes are matched containing similar genes in almost identical positions and sequence, reflecting the distinct blueprint of the biological mother and father.

In some instances, a(n) ______ causes a sudden change and abnormality in the structure of genes.

According to research examining the relationship between genotype and environment to intellectual abilities, which of the following pairs of individuals will be MOST similar in intelligence?

In about ____ of fraternal twin pairs, one twin is a boy and other is a girl.

Contrary to popular belief, most individuals with Down syndrome are of average intelligence.

Most diseases are inherited through dominant inheritance.

Dizygotic twins:

When alleles of the pair of chromosomes are different, the person is _____ and the trait expressed will depend on the relations among the genes.

When conducted prior to 10 weeks gestational age, _______ may increase the likelihood of limb defects and miscarriage.

Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes are both caused by an abnormality in the 15th chromosome.

Genes are:

Using _____, cell-free fetal DNA are examined by drawing blood from the mother.

About 1 in ____ males are affected by color blindness.

The human nucleus contains 23 matching pairs of rod-shaped structures called _______.

A human zygote contains 46 matching pairs of chromosomes.

List the three types of gene-environment correlations. How do these correlations change with age?

_____ refers to the idea that many of our traits are supported by both our genes and environment.

______ requires studying a small amount of tissue from the chorion to determine the presence of chromosomal abnormalities.

Gia has brown hair, brown eyes, and dark skin. These traits are part of Gia's ______.

Which of the following factors increases the likelihood of having twins?