Question 1

Between the ages of 4 and 5, children's drawings reflect the convergence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  gross and fine motor skills. 
B)  metacogniton and self-control. 
C)  egocentrism and centration. 
D)  fine motor skills and cognitive development. 
A)  gross and fine motor skills. 
B)  metacogniton and self-control. 
C)  egocentrism and centration. 
D)  fine motor skills and cognitive development. D

Question 2

According to the cognitive developmental perspective, explain how cultural differences in socialization contribute to children's concepts of morality. Be sure to explain cultural preferences for collectivism and individualism in your answer.

Accepted Answer

According to the cognitive developmental perspective, cultural differences in socialization contribute to the development of moral understanding in young children. For example, a study of Chinese children ages 3 to 4 and 5 to 6 showed that similar to Western samples, the children overwhelmingly considered personal issues as permissible and up to the child rather than the adults. However, the Chinese children's justifications for moral transgressions focused primarily on the intrinsic consequences of the acts for others' welfare and fairness, as compared with the emphasis on avoiding punishment common in Western samples of preschoolers. These differences are consistent with cultural preferences for collectivism and individualism

Question 3

Upon hearing a loud burst of thunder, 5-year-old DeShaun exclaims, "The sky is mad and is yelling!" DeShaun's statement is an example of _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  egocentrism 
B)  animism 
C)  centration 
D)  metacognition 
A)  egocentrism 
B)  animism 
C)  centration 
D)  metacognition B

Question 4

Preschool programs provide educational experiences for children ages ___ to ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  1; 4 
B)  2; 5 
C)  3; 6 
D)  4; 6 
A)  1; 4 
B)  2; 5 
C)  3; 6 
D)  4; 6

Question 5

Current research indicates that false belief does not emerge until about ___ years of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  5 
D)  7 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  5 
D)  7

Question 6

Scripts help children:

Accepted Answer

A)  expand their long-term memory. 
B)  predict what to expect in the future. 
C)  sustain their attention. 
D)  recall events in the first two years of life. 
A)  expand their long-term memory. 
B)  predict what to expect in the future. 
C)  sustain their attention. 
D)  recall events in the first two years of life.

Question 7

_____ memory refers to memory for events and information acquired during those events.

Accepted Answer

A)  Recognition 
B)  Recall 
C)  Episodic 
D)  Working 
A)  Recognition 
B)  Recall 
C)  Episodic 
D)  Working

Question 8

_____ theory views moral behavior as being acquired through reinforcement and modeling.

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychoanalytic 
B)  Cognitive developmental 
C)  Information processing 
D)  Social learning 
A)  Psychoanalytic 
B)  Cognitive developmental 
C)  Information processing 
D)  Social learning

Question 9

Family incomes within the first four to five years of life predict verbal and achievement outcomes in the early school years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Everyday conversations help children develop a theory of mind.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Improvements in fine motor skills help children to become more independent and self-sufficient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to the cognitive-developmental perspective, preschoolers believe that they have control over ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  moral issues 
B)  right and wrong 
C)  parental discipline 
D)  matters of personal choice 
A)  moral issues 
B)  right and wrong 
C)  parental discipline 
D)  matters of personal choice

Question 13

According to Piaget's cognitive developmental theory, what key changes occur in the preoperational child's thinking?

Accepted Answer

Preoperational reasoning is characterize

Question 14

Your best friend is the father of a 4-year-old. Your friend believes that early childhood education programs should stick to academic instruction. He is opposed to child-directed programs, believing that children have time to play at home, and school should be devoted to learning academic skills. What advice would you give your friend, and why?

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary slightly. The father sh

Question 15

Provide an example of an overregularization error. What do overregularization errors reveal about young children's language development?

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary to the first part of th

Question 16

The human brain's ability to change its organization and function in response to experience throughout the life span is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasticity 
B)  lateralization 
C)  pruning 
D)  adaptation 
A)  plasticity 
B)  lateralization 
C)  pruning 
D)  adaptation

Question 17

At age 2, the brain reaches ____ percent of its adult weight.

Accepted Answer

A)  30 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  90 
A)  30 
B)  50 
C)  75 
D)  90

Question 18

Which of the following statements about welfare-to-work programs is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Welfare-to-work programs that increase employment tend to have little effects on school achievement in the preschool and early school years. 
B)  Most recipients of welfare-to-work programs are self-sufficient within six months of entering the program. 
C)  Welfare-to-work programs that increase both employment and income have positive effects on parents but negligible effects on children's achievement. 
D)  Nearly 80 percent of parents who participate in welfare-to-work programs drop out in the first year. 
A)  Welfare-to-work programs that increase employment tend to have little effects on school achievement in the preschool and early school years. 
B)  Most recipients of welfare-to-work programs are self-sufficient within six months of entering the program. 
C)  Welfare-to-work programs that increase both employment and income have positive effects on parents but negligible effects on children's achievement. 
D)  Nearly 80 percent of parents who participate in welfare-to-work programs drop out in the first year.

Question 19

Which of the following accurately describes what happens to unused synapses in the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unused synapses continue to function throughout the life span. 
B)  Unused synapses are pruned and neurons are reserved for future use. 
C)  Unused synapses eventually die, leading to disorders such as dementia. 
D)  Unused synapses are used by the corpus callosum, leading to gains in gross motor skills. 
A)  Unused synapses continue to function throughout the life span. 
B)  Unused synapses are pruned and neurons are reserved for future use. 
C)  Unused synapses eventually die, leading to disorders such as dementia. 
D)  Unused synapses are used by the corpus callosum, leading to gains in gross motor skills.

Question 20

Parents who use a(n) _______ conversational style have 3-year-olds who engage in longer conversations about events, remember more details, and tend to remember the events better at age 5.

Accepted Answer

A)  directive 
B)  authoritarian 
C)  elaborative 
D)  abstract 
A)  directive 
B)  authoritarian 
C)  elaborative 
D)  abstract

Between the ages of 4 and 5, children's drawings reflect the convergence of:

According to the cognitive developmental perspective, explain how cultural differences in socialization contribute to children's concepts of morality. Be sure to explain cultural preferences for collectivism and individualism in your answer.

Upon hearing a loud burst of thunder, 5-year-old DeShaun exclaims, "The sky is mad and is yelling!" DeShaun's statement is an example of _______.

Preschool programs provide educational experiences for children ages _ to _.

Current research indicates that false belief does not emerge until about ___ years of age.

Scripts help children:

_____ memory refers to memory for events and information acquired during those events.

_____ theory views moral behavior as being acquired through reinforcement and modeling.

Family incomes within the first four to five years of life predict verbal and achievement outcomes in the early school years.

Everyday conversations help children develop a theory of mind.

Improvements in fine motor skills help children to become more independent and self-sufficient.

According to the cognitive-developmental perspective, preschoolers believe that they have control over ______.

According to Piaget's cognitive developmental theory, what key changes occur in the preoperational child's thinking?

Provide an example of an overregularization error. What do overregularization errors reveal about young children's language development?

The human brain's ability to change its organization and function in response to experience throughout the life span is known as ________.

At age 2, the brain reaches ____ percent of its adult weight.

Which of the following statements about welfare-to-work programs is true?

Which of the following accurately describes what happens to unused synapses in the brain?

Parents who use a(n) _______ conversational style have 3-year-olds who engage in longer conversations about events, remember more details, and tend to remember the events better at age 5.

Understanding Human Development: Approaches and Theories

Biological and Environmental Foundations

The Prenatal Period, Birth, and the Newborn

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Socioemotional Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood and the End of Life

Filters

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Between the ages of 4 and 5, children's drawings reflect the convergence of:

According to the cognitive developmental perspective, explain how cultural differences in socialization contribute to children's concepts of morality. Be sure to explain cultural preferences for collectivism and individualism in your answer.

Upon hearing a loud burst of thunder, 5-year-old DeShaun exclaims, "The sky is mad and is yelling!" DeShaun's statement is an example of _______.

Preschool programs provide educational experiences for children ages ___ to ___.

Current research indicates that false belief does not emerge until about ___ years of age.

Scripts help children:

_____ memory refers to memory for events and information acquired during those events.

_____ theory views moral behavior as being acquired through reinforcement and modeling.

Family incomes within the first four to five years of life predict verbal and achievement outcomes in the early school years.

Everyday conversations help children develop a theory of mind.

Improvements in fine motor skills help children to become more independent and self-sufficient.

According to the cognitive-developmental perspective, preschoolers believe that they have control over ______.

According to Piaget's cognitive developmental theory, what key changes occur in the preoperational child's thinking?

Provide an example of an overregularization error. What do overregularization errors reveal about young children's language development?

The human brain's ability to change its organization and function in response to experience throughout the life span is known as ________.

At age 2, the brain reaches ____ percent of its adult weight.

Which of the following statements about welfare-to-work programs is true?

Which of the following accurately describes what happens to unused synapses in the brain?

Parents who use a(n) _______ conversational style have 3-year-olds who engage in longer conversations about events, remember more details, and tend to remember the events better at age 5.

Understanding Human Development: Approaches and Theories

Biological and Environmental Foundations

The Prenatal Period, Birth, and the Newborn

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Socioemotional Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood and the End of Life

Filters

Preschool programs provide educational experiences for children ages _ to _.